Air pollution is a major contributor to premature deaths caused by respiratory illnesses and heart illnesses.
The 2016 Health and Air Pollution study has found it contributed to more than three-thousand deaths in a year.
It also played a part in 13,000 cases of childhood asthma, and 13,000 hospitalisations.
Lead author Dr Gerda Kushcel told Kate Hawkesby it's the worst case scenario.
She says there are issues around hospitalisation from asthma, particularly with children, and restrictive activity days, where people don't feel well enough to live their normal lives.
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