27 AUG 2019 · In Bispecific antibody Preclinical Research, an increasing number of engineered mouse models are used for measuring the roles of CYP enzymes in drug metabolism and toxicity. Human CYP gene(s) have taken the place of mouse Cyp gene(s) in the mouse genome, leading to our understanding of the specific involvement of the given mouse and/or human CYP(s) in a number of aspects of ADME. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/bsab/preclinical-research.htm

27 AUG 2019 · In summary, several viral vectors have been successfully used for vaccine production and gene therapy. These vaccines can potentially induce a strong immune response in tissues and cells and achieve targeted delivery. Early-phase trials have shown that they are well tolerated in humans. Although the additional challenges lie ahead, the prospect of viral vector vaccine looks promising. Viral vectors are promising tools for the development of novel vaccines and vaccination approaches. Viral vector-based vaccines present advantages over traditional vaccines in that they can enhance a broad range of immunogenicity without an adjuvant and induce a robust cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to eliminate virus-infected cells. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/vaccine/viral-vector-vaccine-design.htm

27 AUG 2019 · In the development of Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), the design of suitable linkers is crucial for the stable and efficient delivery of the cytotoxic drug to the target cells. An ideal linker should possess exceeding stability in systemic circulation, and readily releases the cytotoxic payload in its active form upon reaching the target site. Linker design for ADCs is highly dependent on the biolology of the target cells, the characteristics of the antibody, and the structure of the drug molecule. Selection of the optimal linker is achieved through efficacy and toxicity assessments for each individual ADC construct. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/linker-module.htm

27 AUG 2019 · The current hypothesis of how colitis-inducing injury occurs is that DSS can damage the mucosal membrane of the colon allowing the dissemination of pro-inflammatory intestinal contents (e.g. bacteria and their products) into the crypt. The DSS model is widely used in IBD research due to its rapidity, simplicity, reproducibility, and controllability. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/drug-discovery/therapeutics/dextran-sulfate-sodium-dss-induced-rodent-colitis-model.htm

27 AUG 2019 · Advances in recombinant DNA technology, genomics and immunology have greatly affected the vaccine development process. The genetic manipulation of microbes makes them suitable as vectors for gene delivery, providing a unique opportunity for vaccine design. With the in-depth study of various microbes, viral vectors are becoming an important immuno-prophylactic tool in modern medical arsenals. Among various vaccine vectors, adenovirus vectors are being extensively investigated and show great promise as vaccine vectors. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/vaccine/adenovirus-ad-as-vaccine-vectors.htm

27 AUG 2019 · Auristatins are a family of complex analogues to the native antineoplastic product dolastatin 10, for instance, Auristatin F. They are 100 to 1000 times more toxic than Doxorubicin, a conventional cancer chemotherapy medication. The potent agent, dolastatin 10 is a five-subunit penta-peptide discroverde by Pettit et al. from the sea hare Dolabella auricularia in 1987 and chemical modification to dolastatin 10 were applied to generate auristatins. It was later realized that the remarkable cytotoxicity of auristatins owes to their powerful capability to inhibit microtubule formation through the interaction with tubulin at the "peptide sub-site" of tubulin's "Vinca domain" and disrupt tubulin-dependent GTP hydrolysis. Auristatins lead to the arrest of cancer cells in the mitosis stage and eventually, apoptosis. Unfortunately, due to their high cytotoxicity, harmful side-effects and a narrow therapeutic window were reported in clinical trials of auristatins, rendering them unsuitable as anticancer medications. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/adc/auristatin-f-708.htm

27 AUG 2019 · Heavy Chain Only Antibody (HCAb) binds antigens just via the variable domain of the heavy chain, hence enabling easy cloning of the DNA encoding this binding domain, which is named as a single-domain antibody or heavy-chain-only VH (VHH). The discovery of heavy chain antibodies has led to unprecedented opportunities in cancer therapy. Recombinant VHHs are small (about 15-20 kDa) and strictly monomeric, they are able to bind their target with nM affinity, as well as with being stable in an extensive pH and temperature ranges. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/bsab/tetravalent-heavy-chain-only-antibody-hcab-generation-service.htm

27 AUG 2019 · There are various analytical approaches for bsab Stability Analysis, including Thermal Stability Measurement, Aggregation Measurement, and In vitro Serum Stability Measurement. Since the probability of protein denaturation increases with higher temperature, heat resistance is indicative of long-term stability at storage temperatures. Thus, heat is typically used as a source of stress for measuring the thermal stability of protein. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/bsab/stability-analysis.htm

31 MAY 2019 · Bispecific antibodies can recognize and bind two different antigens separately, so it can connect immune cells, viral molecules, etc. to tumor cells, thereby enhancing the killing effect on target cells, and it can also combines different antigens on the same tumor cell to enhance its binding specificity, thereby reducing side effects such as off-target toxicity. This bifunctional recombinant antibody has a higher therapeutic effect as a drug for treating tumors than a monoclonal antibody. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/bsab/

30 JAN 2019 · Minibody is composed of a pair of single-chain Fv fragments which are linked via CH3 domains, and Fvs with distinct specificity, which paired to the former part through heterodimerization process. To promote the heterodimerization efficiency, single-residue mutations can be introduced into each CH3 domains to achieve the “knobs and holes” approach. Far more than that, additional cysteine residues can also be introduced into CH3 domains to stabilize the bispecific minibody structure. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/bsab/minibody-generation-service.htm