Shaivism is a major tradition within Hinduism that venerates Lord Shiva as the supreme deity. It encompasses a rich tapestry of beliefs, practices, and philosophical outlooks. 1. **Deity and Beliefs**: Shaivism centers around the worship of Lord Shiva, the cosmic dancer (Nataraja) and destroyer (Mahadeva). Shiva is seen as both transcendent and immanent, embodying the forces of creation, preservation, and dissolution. 2. **Texts**: The primary scriptures of Shaivism include the Vedas, Agamas, and the principal Shaivite texts such as the Shiva Purana, Linga Purana, and the 12 principal Shaiva Agamas. 3. **Philosophy**: Shaivism has various philosophical schools, including the dualistic Shaiva Siddhanta, the non-dualistic Kashmir Shaivism (Trika), and the practical and ritualistic Shaiva Agamas. 4. **Worship and Rituals**: Shaivites engage in diverse forms of worship, from elaborate temple rituals (puja) to more ascetic practices like yoga and meditation. The worship of the Shiva Linga (a symbolic representation of Shiva) is central. 5. **Symbols and Icons**: Shaivism is often associated with symbols such as the third eye of Shiva (representing spiritual insight), the crescent moon (denoting rejuvenation), the snake (representing Kundalini energy), and the sacred river Ganges (linked to Shiva’s role in containing its descent to Earth). 6. **Traditions**: Shaivism has diverse sectarian traditions, including the Pashupatas, Kapalikas, and Natha Sampradaya, each with unique rituals and philosophical orientations. 7. **Impact and Influence**: Shaivism has had a profound impact on Indian culture, art, and spirituality. It is deeply intertwined with Tantric practices and has influenced the development of yoga and meditation techniques. Overall, Shaivism is a multifaceted tradition that celebrates the transformative power of Lord Shiva and offers seekers a path to spiritual realization through devotion, knowledge, and practice.