<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:podcast="https://podcastindex.org/namespace/1.0" xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" version="2.0"><channel><title>English Restoration and Louis XIV: From the Peace of Westphalia to the Peace of Nimwegen</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/english-restoration-and-louis-xiv-from-the-peace-of-westphalia-to-the-peace-of-nimwegen--7047115</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><atom:link href="https://www.spreaker.com/show/7047115/episodes/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><language>en</language><category>Books</category><copyright>Copyright Early Modern Genre</copyright><image><url>https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg</url><title>English Restoration and Louis XIV: From the Peace of Westphalia to the Peace of Nimwegen</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/english-restoration-and-louis-xiv-from-the-peace-of-westphalia-to-the-peace-of-nimwegen--7047115</link></image><lastBuildDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2026 09:29:25 +0000</lastBuildDate><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:owner><itunes:name>Early Modern Genre</itunes:name><itunes:email>spreaker50@podcastlibrary.org</itunes:email></itunes:owner><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:category text="Arts"><itunes:category text="Books"/></itunes:category><itunes:category text="History"/><itunes:category text="Society &amp; Culture"/><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><podcast:guid>57326a79-4f3e-5ec1-9b32-208373d971d8</podcast:guid><itunes:type>episodic</itunes:type><item><title>Life and Death of Cardinal Wolsey-George Cavendish</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/life-and-death-of-cardinal-wolsey-george-cavendish--74358593</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74358593</guid><pubDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2026 09:03:44 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74358593/life_and_death_of_cardinal_wolsey_george_cavendish.mp3" length="235925821" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>29461</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Early Tudors Henry VII and Henry VIII-Charles Edward Moberly</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/early-tudors-henry-vii-and-henry-viii-charles-edward-moberly--74213826</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74213826</guid><pubDate>Sun, 23 Aug 2026 09:03:22 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74213826/early_tudors_henry_vii_and_henry_viii_charles_edward_moberly.mp3" length="250518043" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>31284</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Life and Times of Kateri Tekakwitha, The Lily of the Mohawks-Ellen Walworth</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/life-and-times-of-kateri-tekakwitha-the-lily-of-the-mohawks-ellen-walworth--74160241</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74160241</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Aug 2026 09:03:01 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74160241/life_and_times_of_kateri_tekakwitha_the_lily_of_the_mohawks_ellen_walworth.mp3" length="272310841" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>34005</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Lives of the Most Eminent Painters, Sculptors and Architects Vol 4-Giorgio Vasari</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/lives-of-the-most-eminent-painters-sculptors-and-architects-vol-4-giorgio-vasari--74111922</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74111922</guid><pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2026 09:03:18 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74111922/lives_of_the_most_eminent_painters_sculptors_and_architects_vol_4_giorgio_vasari.mp3" length="278514794" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>34780</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Underground Railroad, Part 2-William Still</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/underground-railroad-part-2-william-still--74076920</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74076920</guid><pubDate>Thu, 20 Aug 2026 09:03:22 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74076920/underground_railroad_part_2_william_still.mp3" length="263047525" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>32848</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Old New Zealand Being Incidents of Native Customs and Character in the Old Times-Frederick Edward Maning</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/old-new-zealand-being-incidents-of-native-customs-and-character-in-the-old-times-frederick-edward-maning--74038888</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74038888</guid><pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2026 09:03:09 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74038888/old_new_zealand_being_incidents_of_native_customs_and_character_in_the_old_times_frederick_edward_maning.mp3" length="170911374" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>21343</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Bismarck-Georges Lacour-Gayet</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/bismarck-georges-lacour-gayet--73975552</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73975552</guid><pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2026 09:03:29 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73975552/bismarck_georges_lacour_gayet.mp3" length="211860484" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>26456</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Autobiography of Goethe Volume 2-Johann Wolfgang von Goethe</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/autobiography-of-goethe-volume-2-johann-wolfgang-von-goethe--73933154</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73933154</guid><pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2026 09:03:37 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73933154/8949_autobiography_of_goethe_volume_2_johann_wolfgang_von_goethe.mp3" length="250804946" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>31319</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Margaret of Angoulême, Queen of Navarre-Agnes Mary Frances Robinson</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/margaret-of-angouleme-queen-of-navarre-agnes-mary-frances-robinson--73890554</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73890554</guid><pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2026 09:03:19 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73890554/margaret_of_angoule_me_queen_of_navarre_agnes_mary_frances_robinson.mp3" length="219695487" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>27435</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Emily Brontë-Agnes Mary Frances Robinson</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/emily-bronte-agnes-mary-frances-robinson--73854995</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73854995</guid><pubDate>Sat, 15 Aug 2026 09:04:19 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73854995/emily_bronte_agnes_mary_frances_robinson.mp3" length="221168975" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>27619</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Cromwell's Place in History-Samuel Rawson Gardiner</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/cromwell-s-place-in-history-samuel-rawson-gardiner--73803491</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73803491</guid><pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2026 09:06:18 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73803491/cromwell_s_place_in_history_samuel_rawson_gardiner.mp3" length="102854872" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>12844</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Great Captains Unveiled-B. H. Liddell Hart</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/great-captains-unveiled-b-h-liddell-hart--73772371</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73772371</guid><pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 18:36:04 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73772371/great_captains_unveiled_b_h_liddell_hart.mp3" length="202217580" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>25252</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Post Mortem Essays, Historical And Medical-Charles MacLaurin</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/post-mortem-essays-historical-and-medical-charles-maclaurin--73743842</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73743842</guid><pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 06:52:23 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73743842/post_mortem_essays_historical_and_medical_charles_maclaurin.mp3" length="175674573" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>21937</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Negro in Literature and Art in the United States-Benjamin Griffith Brawley</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/negro-in-literature-and-art-in-the-united-states-benjamin-griffith-brawley--73721414</link><description><![CDATA[Negro in Literature and Art in the United States-Benjamin Griffith Brawley]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73721414</guid><pubDate>Sun, 09 Aug 2026 19:56:10 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73721414/negro_in_literature_and_art_in_the_united_states_benjamin_griffith_brawley.mp3" length="125644924" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Negro in Literature and Art in the United States-Benjamin Griffith Brawley</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Negro in Literature and Art in the United States-Benjamin Griffith Brawley]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>15690</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Rise of the Macedonian Empire-Arthur M. Curteis</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/rise-of-the-macedonian-empire-arthur-m-curteis--73685100</link><description><![CDATA["Rise of the Macedonian Empire" by Arthur M. Curteis delves into the remarkable ascent of one of history's most influential empires, exploring the strategies, leadership, and cultural impacts that defined Macedon. This audiobook offers listeners a chance to reflect on themes of ambition, power, and the complexities of empire-building, which remain relevant in today’s discussions about leadership and governance. Curteis's insights into the dynamics of a rising power provide a timeless lens through which to view not only ancient history but also contemporary geopolitical landscapes.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73685100</guid><pubDate>Sat, 08 Aug 2026 23:18:59 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73685100/rise_of_the_macedonian_empire_arthur_m_curteis.mp3" length="219956493" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"Rise of the Macedonian Empire" by Arthur M. Curteis delves into the remarkable ascent of one of history's most influential empires, exploring the strategies, leadership, and cultural impacts that defined Macedon. This audiobook offers listeners a...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["Rise of the Macedonian Empire" by Arthur M. Curteis delves into the remarkable ascent of one of history's most influential empires, exploring the strategies, leadership, and cultural impacts that defined Macedon. This audiobook offers listeners a chance to reflect on themes of ambition, power, and the complexities of empire-building, which remain relevant in today’s discussions about leadership and governance. Curteis's insights into the dynamics of a rising power provide a timeless lens through which to view not only ancient history but also contemporary geopolitical landscapes.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>27467</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>English Restoration and Louis XIV From the Peace of Westphalia to the Peace of Nimwegen - Osmund Airy</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/english-restoration-and-louis-xiv-from-the-peace-of-westphalia-to-the-peace-of-nimwegen-osmund-airy--73301577</link><description><![CDATA["English Restoration and Louis XIV: From the Peace of Westphalia to the Peace of Nimwegen" by Osmund Airy delves into a pivotal period in European history, examining the intricate political and cultural dynamics that shaped the English Restoration and the reign of Louis XIV. This audiobook offers listeners a compelling exploration of how treaties and power shifts influenced the course of nations and the interplay of monarchy and governance. The themes of authority, stability, and the quest for legitimacy resonate deeply in today's world, making this historical analysis both timely and timeless. Engaging with Airy's insights allows us to reflect on the enduring impact of these events on modern political landscapes.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73301577</guid><pubDate>Sat, 01 Aug 2026 09:00:25 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73301577/english_restoration_and_louis_xiv_from_the_peace_of_westphalia_to_the_peace_of_nimwegen_osmund_airy.mp3" length="268817460" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"English Restoration and Louis XIV: From the Peace of Westphalia to the Peace of Nimwegen" by Osmund Airy delves into a pivotal period in European history, examining the intricate political and cultural dynamics that shaped the English Restoration and...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["English Restoration and Louis XIV: From the Peace of Westphalia to the Peace of Nimwegen" by Osmund Airy delves into a pivotal period in European history, examining the intricate political and cultural dynamics that shaped the English Restoration and the reign of Louis XIV. This audiobook offers listeners a compelling exploration of how treaties and power shifts influenced the course of nations and the interplay of monarchy and governance. The themes of authority, stability, and the quest for legitimacy resonate deeply in today's world, making this historical analysis both timely and timeless. Engaging with Airy's insights allows us to reflect on the enduring impact of these events on modern political landscapes.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>33569</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>English Restoration and Louis XIV From the Peace of Westphalia to the Peace of Nimwegen - Osmund Airy</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/english-restoration-and-louis-xiv-from-the-peace-of-westphalia-to-the-peace-of-nimwegen-osmund-airy--72087190</link><description><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/72087190</guid><pubDate>Wed, 20 May 2026 18:07:40 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/72087190/english_restoration_and_louis_xiv_from_the_peace_of_westphalia_to_the_peace_of_nimwegen_osmund_airy.mp3" length="268546118" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Osmund Airy</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this trim volume the British historian, Osmund Airy writes of the period between 1648 and 1679 when Cardinal Mazarin, having concluded the masterly Peace of Westphalia for France, confronts the rebellions of the nobility known as the Fronde. By the time of his death in 1661, Mazarin has completed the work of Richelieu and made Louis XIV an absolute monarch, ready to extend his borders by conquest. But in Holland, the young Stadtholder, William III of Orange, resolutely opposes Louis's military ambitions, while in England, the restored Charles II is struggling with Parliament, juggling religious factions, suppressing conspiracies real and imagined, and cheerfully spending Louis's secret subsidies, while giving the French king as little value for his money as possible. (Pamela Nagami)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>33569</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>airy,english,louis,mazarin,modern,nimwegen,peace,restoration,westphalia,xiv</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/b2354ca442abfd0c059fc7d5334a0985.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item></channel></rss>
