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Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><atom:link href="https://www.spreaker.com/show/7047094/episodes/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><language>en</language><category>Books</category><copyright>Copyright Early Modern Genre</copyright><image><url>https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg</url><title>Hobbes</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/hobbes--7047094</link></image><lastBuildDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2026 09:29:44 +0000</lastBuildDate><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:owner><itunes:name>Early Modern Genre</itunes:name><itunes:email>spreaker50@podcastlibrary.org</itunes:email></itunes:owner><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:category text="Arts"><itunes:category text="Books"/></itunes:category><itunes:category text="Science"/><itunes:category text="Science"><itunes:category text="Nature"/></itunes:category><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><podcast:guid>895fd3f3-bf7b-571d-8065-6be3a9aa3e84</podcast:guid><itunes:type>episodic</itunes:type><item><title>My Chinese Marriage-Mae Franking, Katherine Anne Porter</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/my-chinese-marriage-mae-franking-katherine-anne-porter--74359328</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. 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In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>12194</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Autobiography of Jesse H. Pomeroy-Jesse Pomeroy</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/autobiography-of-jesse-h-pomeroy-jesse-pomeroy--74214969</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74214969</guid><pubDate>Sun, 23 Aug 2026 09:03:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74214969/autobiography_of_jesse_h_pomeroy_jesse_pomeroy.mp3" length="103358346" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. 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In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. 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In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>21416</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>What's Wrong With the World-G. K. Chesterton</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/what-s-wrong-with-the-world-g-k-chesterton--74112758</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74112758</guid><pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2026 09:03:12 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74112758/what_s_wrong_with_the_world_g_k_chesterton.mp3" length="204196617" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>25499</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Pascal and the Port Royalists-William Clark</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/pascal-and-the-port-royalists-william-clark--74077598</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74077598</guid><pubDate>Thu, 20 Aug 2026 09:03:22 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74077598/pascal_and_the_port_royalists_william_clark.mp3" length="184772917" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>23074</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Age of Elizabeth-Mandell Creighton</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/age-of-elizabeth-mandell-creighton--74039683</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74039683</guid><pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2026 09:03:10 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74039683/age_of_elizabeth_mandell_creighton.mp3" length="218881899" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>27333</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Mirrors of Moscow-Louise Bryant</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/mirrors-of-moscow-louise-bryant--73990676</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73990676</guid><pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2026 09:03:36 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73990676/mirrors_of_moscow_louise_bryant.mp3" length="103884254" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>12973</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Ukrainians and the European War-Various</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/ukrainians-and-the-european-war-various--73934119</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73934119</guid><pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2026 09:03:38 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73934119/ukrainians_and_the_european_war_various.mp3" length="43817196" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>5472</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Theologico-Political Treatise-Benedict de Spinoza</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/theologico-political-treatise-benedict-de-spinoza--73891394</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73891394</guid><pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2026 09:03:15 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73891394/theologico_political_treatise_benedict_de_spinoza.mp3" length="288014773" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>35966</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Dr. Elsie Inglis-Frances Balfour</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/dr-elsie-inglis-frances-balfour--73855595</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73855595</guid><pubDate>Sat, 15 Aug 2026 09:04:10 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73855595/dr_elsie_inglis_frances_balfour.mp3" length="178924063" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>22343</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Edward III-William Parsons Warburton</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/edward-iii-william-parsons-warburton--73804142</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73804142</guid><pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2026 09:06:19 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73804142/edward_iii_william_parsons_warburton.mp3" length="278765115" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>34811</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>English Restoration and Louis XIV From the Peace of Westphalia to the Peace of Nimwegen-Osmund Airy</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/english-restoration-and-louis-xiv-from-the-peace-of-westphalia-to-the-peace-of-nimwegen-osmund-airy--73772982</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73772982</guid><pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 18:50:22 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73772982/english_restoration_and_louis_xiv_from_the_peace_of_westphalia_to_the_peace_of_nimwegen_osmund_airy.mp3" length="268817460" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>33569</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Story of Aristotle's Philosophy-Will Durant</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/story-of-aristotle-s-philosophy-will-durant--73744403</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73744403</guid><pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 07:07:34 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73744403/story_of_aristotle_s_philosophy_will_durant.mp3" length="60928585" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan,"...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>7609</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Mental and Moral Heredity in Royalty. A Statistical Study in History and Psychology-Frederick Adams Woods</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/mental-and-moral-heredity-in-royalty-a-statistical-study-in-history-and-psychology-frederick-adams-woods--73721974</link><description><![CDATA[Mental and Moral Heredity in Royalty. A Statistical Study in History and Psychology-Frederick Adams Woods]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73721974</guid><pubDate>Sun, 09 Aug 2026 20:12:03 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73721974/mental_and_moral_heredity_in_royalty_a_statistical_study_in_history_and_psychology_frederick_adams_woods.mp3" length="204081654" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Mental and Moral Heredity in Royalty. A Statistical Study in History and Psychology-Frederick Adams Woods</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Mental and Moral Heredity in Royalty. A Statistical Study in History and Psychology-Frederick Adams Woods]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>25485</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Recollections of Abraham Lincoln 1847-1865-Ward Hill Lamon</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/recollections-of-abraham-lincoln-1847-1865-ward-hill-lamon--73685687</link><description><![CDATA["Recollections of Abraham Lincoln 1847-1865" by Ward Hill Lamon offers a unique glimpse into the life and character of one of America's most revered presidents. Drawing from personal experiences and observations, Lamon provides insight into Lincoln's thoughts, struggles, and the tumultuous times he navigated during a pivotal era in American history. This audiobook captures the essence of Lincoln's leadership and humanity, making it a timeless exploration of resilience and moral fortitude. Listening to Lamon's recollections not only enriches our understanding of Lincoln's legacy but also invites reflection on the enduring themes of integrity and perseverance that continue to resonate in today's world.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73685687</guid><pubDate>Sat, 08 Aug 2026 23:37:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73685687/recollections_of_abraham_lincoln_1847_1865_ward_hill_lamon.mp3" length="240862961" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"Recollections of Abraham Lincoln 1847-1865" by Ward Hill Lamon offers a unique glimpse into the life and character of one of America's most revered presidents. Drawing from personal experiences and observations, Lamon provides insight into Lincoln's...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["Recollections of Abraham Lincoln 1847-1865" by Ward Hill Lamon offers a unique glimpse into the life and character of one of America's most revered presidents. Drawing from personal experiences and observations, Lamon provides insight into Lincoln's thoughts, struggles, and the tumultuous times he navigated during a pivotal era in American history. This audiobook captures the essence of Lincoln's leadership and humanity, making it a timeless exploration of resilience and moral fortitude. Listening to Lamon's recollections not only enriches our understanding of Lincoln's legacy but also invites reflection on the enduring themes of integrity and perseverance that continue to resonate in today's world.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>30078</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Social Life in England 1750-1850-F. J. Foakes - Jackson</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/social-life-in-england-1750-1850-f-j-foakes-jackson--73301929</link><description><![CDATA["Social Life in England 1750-1850" by F. J. Foakes, as presented by Jackson, delves into the intricacies of societal interactions and cultural norms during a transformative period in English history. 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Engaging with this work allows contemporary audiences to reflect on the enduring nature of social relationships and the historical context that informs our current interactions.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>21829</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/f0b75d015635a95d2e67a2269d7c4c6f.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Hobbes - Leslie Stephen</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/hobbes-leslie-stephen--72087127</link><description><![CDATA[Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In his own long life of ninety-one years, Hobbes survived the turmoil of the English Civil War. In his "Leviathan," he expounded a new version of social contract theory in which the contract is not between the subjects and the sovereign, but between the subjects themselves. Leslie Stephens writes that for Hobbes this contract required an absolute sovereign, as depicted in the frontispiece of "Leviathan, "a composite giant, his body made of human beings" who "holds the sword in one hand and a crozier in the other," a mortal god, a governing machine. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/72087127</guid><pubDate>Wed, 20 May 2026 18:01:13 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/72087127/hobbes_leslie_stephen.mp3" length="236842039" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Leslie Stephen</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) famously wrote that in the state of nature "the life of man" was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." 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