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(Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:category text="History"/><itunes:category text="News"><itunes:category text="Politics"/></itunes:category><itunes:category text="Science"><itunes:category text="Social Sciences"/></itunes:category><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:type>episodic</itunes:type><item><title>033 - Conclusion The Accession of Henry VII</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/033-conclusion-the-accession-of-henry-vii--69480571</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480571</guid><pubDate>Mon, 02 Feb 2026 10:00:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480571/033_conclusion_the_accession_of_henry_vii.mp3" length="2881602" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/423d99d5-5ccb-4a88-9e2f-d46f0a137bd4/423d99d5-5ccb-4a88-9e2f-d46f0a137bd4.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/423d99d5-5ccb-4a88-9e2f-d46f0a137bd4/423d99d5-5ccb-4a88-9e2f-d46f0a137bd4.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/423d99d5-5ccb-4a88-9e2f-d46f0a137bd4/423d99d5-5ccb-4a88-9e2f-d46f0a137bd4.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>360</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>032 - Ch 22 The Work of Edward IV</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/032-ch-22-the-work-of-edward-iv--69480568</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480568</guid><pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2026 10:00:16 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480568/032_ch_22_the_work_of_edward_iv.mp3" length="9071902" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/dab431ad-8cb2-4bbd-9e68-a3fbcc3444f9/dab431ad-8cb2-4bbd-9e68-a3fbcc3444f9.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/dab431ad-8cb2-4bbd-9e68-a3fbcc3444f9/dab431ad-8cb2-4bbd-9e68-a3fbcc3444f9.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/dab431ad-8cb2-4bbd-9e68-a3fbcc3444f9/dab431ad-8cb2-4bbd-9e68-a3fbcc3444f9.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480567</guid><pubDate>Sat, 31 Jan 2026 10:00:14 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480567/031_ch_21_the_breakdown_of_government_under_henry_vi.mp3" length="11175523" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/10ad4b0c-41c8-416d-8d56-34479cd4f89e/10ad4b0c-41c8-416d-8d56-34479cd4f89e.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/10ad4b0c-41c8-416d-8d56-34479cd4f89e/10ad4b0c-41c8-416d-8d56-34479cd4f89e.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/10ad4b0c-41c8-416d-8d56-34479cd4f89e/10ad4b0c-41c8-416d-8d56-34479cd4f89e.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480561</guid><pubDate>Wed, 28 Jan 2026 10:00:18 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480561/028_ch_19_the_last_of_the_lancastrians_pt_3.mp3" length="7441917" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/65ca6e5a-434f-4d5c-b3ef-ae548441fcd3/65ca6e5a-434f-4d5c-b3ef-ae548441fcd3.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/65ca6e5a-434f-4d5c-b3ef-ae548441fcd3/65ca6e5a-434f-4d5c-b3ef-ae548441fcd3.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/65ca6e5a-434f-4d5c-b3ef-ae548441fcd3/65ca6e5a-434f-4d5c-b3ef-ae548441fcd3.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480560</guid><pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 10:00:19 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480560/027_ch_19_the_last_of_the_lancastrians_pt_2.mp3" length="4851953" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b9d091d9-636b-4b4c-b646-23e0e474d191/b9d091d9-636b-4b4c-b646-23e0e474d191.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b9d091d9-636b-4b4c-b646-23e0e474d191/b9d091d9-636b-4b4c-b646-23e0e474d191.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b9d091d9-636b-4b4c-b646-23e0e474d191/b9d091d9-636b-4b4c-b646-23e0e474d191.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>606</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>026 - Ch 19 The Last of the Lancastrians Pt 1</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/026-ch-19-the-last-of-the-lancastrians-pt-1--69480558</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480558</guid><pubDate>Mon, 26 Jan 2026 10:00:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480558/026_ch_19_the_last_of_the_lancastrians_pt_1.mp3" length="6432161" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/336b636f-7e47-40ac-8e33-309abbeb93f5/336b636f-7e47-40ac-8e33-309abbeb93f5.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/336b636f-7e47-40ac-8e33-309abbeb93f5/336b636f-7e47-40ac-8e33-309abbeb93f5.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/336b636f-7e47-40ac-8e33-309abbeb93f5/336b636f-7e47-40ac-8e33-309abbeb93f5.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>804</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>025 - Ch 18 The Troubled Years of King Edward Pt 3</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/025-ch-18-the-troubled-years-of-king-edward-pt-3--69480557</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480557</guid><pubDate>Sun, 25 Jan 2026 10:00:18 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480557/025_ch_18_the_troubled_years_of_king_edward_pt_3.mp3" length="8127016" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/ec15198d-1f56-44df-a54f-7feb6562ecb2/ec15198d-1f56-44df-a54f-7feb6562ecb2.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/ec15198d-1f56-44df-a54f-7feb6562ecb2/ec15198d-1f56-44df-a54f-7feb6562ecb2.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/ec15198d-1f56-44df-a54f-7feb6562ecb2/ec15198d-1f56-44df-a54f-7feb6562ecb2.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1015</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>024 - Ch 18 The Troubled Years of King Edward Pt 2</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/024-ch-18-the-troubled-years-of-king-edward-pt-2--69480556</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480556</guid><pubDate>Sat, 24 Jan 2026 10:00:16 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480556/024_ch_18_the_troubled_years_of_king_edward_pt_2.mp3" length="8322607" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/fc6511b9-4c13-4a0b-a0d6-6d9b87a5e25c/fc6511b9-4c13-4a0b-a0d6-6d9b87a5e25c.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/fc6511b9-4c13-4a0b-a0d6-6d9b87a5e25c/fc6511b9-4c13-4a0b-a0d6-6d9b87a5e25c.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/fc6511b9-4c13-4a0b-a0d6-6d9b87a5e25c/fc6511b9-4c13-4a0b-a0d6-6d9b87a5e25c.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1040</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>023 - Ch 18 The Troubled Years of King Edward Pt 1</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/023-ch-18-the-troubled-years-of-king-edward-pt-1--69480555</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480555</guid><pubDate>Fri, 23 Jan 2026 10:00:21 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480555/023_ch_18_the_troubled_years_of_king_edward_pt_1.mp3" length="8853109" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/3a1b23c3-f0e1-412f-88f4-d43d2e84624f/3a1b23c3-f0e1-412f-88f4-d43d2e84624f.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/3a1b23c3-f0e1-412f-88f4-d43d2e84624f/3a1b23c3-f0e1-412f-88f4-d43d2e84624f.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/3a1b23c3-f0e1-412f-88f4-d43d2e84624f/3a1b23c3-f0e1-412f-88f4-d43d2e84624f.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1106</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>022 - Ch 17 The Capture of Henry VI</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/022-ch-17-the-capture-of-henry-vi--69480553</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480553</guid><pubDate>Thu, 22 Jan 2026 10:00:19 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480553/022_ch_17_the_capture_of_henry_vi.mp3" length="6778359" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/4b4ab8af-142d-42fc-b9cf-fd8bfc08d70d/4b4ab8af-142d-42fc-b9cf-fd8bfc08d70d.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/4b4ab8af-142d-42fc-b9cf-fd8bfc08d70d/4b4ab8af-142d-42fc-b9cf-fd8bfc08d70d.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/4b4ab8af-142d-42fc-b9cf-fd8bfc08d70d/4b4ab8af-142d-42fc-b9cf-fd8bfc08d70d.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>847</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>021 - Ch 16 Queen Margaret Abroad</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/021-ch-16-queen-margaret-abroad--69480549</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480549</guid><pubDate>Wed, 21 Jan 2026 10:00:19 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480549/021_ch_16_queen_margaret_abroad.mp3" length="5751660" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/f4695dcf-d619-4f6a-b5bf-88c837c36a7f/f4695dcf-d619-4f6a-b5bf-88c837c36a7f.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/f4695dcf-d619-4f6a-b5bf-88c837c36a7f/f4695dcf-d619-4f6a-b5bf-88c837c36a7f.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/f4695dcf-d619-4f6a-b5bf-88c837c36a7f/f4695dcf-d619-4f6a-b5bf-88c837c36a7f.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>719</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>020 - Ch 15 The Northern War</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/020-ch-15-the-northern-war--69480546</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480546</guid><pubDate>Tue, 20 Jan 2026 10:00:17 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480546/020_ch_15_the_northern_war.mp3" length="12655924" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/66ae09d6-8a36-4c78-9564-6d918364a112/66ae09d6-8a36-4c78-9564-6d918364a112.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/66ae09d6-8a36-4c78-9564-6d918364a112/66ae09d6-8a36-4c78-9564-6d918364a112.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/66ae09d6-8a36-4c78-9564-6d918364a112/66ae09d6-8a36-4c78-9564-6d918364a112.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1581</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>019 - Ch 14 The Accession of Edward IV</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/019-ch-14-the-accession-of-edward-iv--69480545</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480545</guid><pubDate>Mon, 19 Jan 2026 10:00:19 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480545/019_ch_14_the_accession_of_edward_iv.mp3" length="11794705" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/aeb1a872-8ff9-4369-b1b1-e6fa2e78d790/aeb1a872-8ff9-4369-b1b1-e6fa2e78d790.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/aeb1a872-8ff9-4369-b1b1-e6fa2e78d790/aeb1a872-8ff9-4369-b1b1-e6fa2e78d790.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/aeb1a872-8ff9-4369-b1b1-e6fa2e78d790/aeb1a872-8ff9-4369-b1b1-e6fa2e78d790.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1473</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>018 - Ch 13 Mortimer's Cross and the Second Battle of St Albans</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/018-ch-13-mortimer-s-cross-and-the-second-battle-of-st-albans--69480544</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480544</guid><pubDate>Sun, 18 Jan 2026 10:00:17 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480544/018_ch_13_mortimer_s_cross_and_the_second_battle_of_st_albans.mp3" length="7408255" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/2a3814b0-704c-429f-af3e-67eb927a4240/2a3814b0-704c-429f-af3e-67eb927a4240.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/2a3814b0-704c-429f-af3e-67eb927a4240/2a3814b0-704c-429f-af3e-67eb927a4240.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/2a3814b0-704c-429f-af3e-67eb927a4240/2a3814b0-704c-429f-af3e-67eb927a4240.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>925</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>017 - Ch 12 Wakefield</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/017-ch-12-wakefield--69480543</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480543</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 10:00:18 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480543/017_ch_12_wakefield.mp3" length="6476695" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/60b93daa-6110-4b40-9bd9-37f277af6678/60b93daa-6110-4b40-9bd9-37f277af6678.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/60b93daa-6110-4b40-9bd9-37f277af6678/60b93daa-6110-4b40-9bd9-37f277af6678.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/60b93daa-6110-4b40-9bd9-37f277af6678/60b93daa-6110-4b40-9bd9-37f277af6678.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>809</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>016 - Ch 11 The Bid for the Crown</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/016-ch-11-the-bid-for-the-crown--69480542</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480542</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:44:25 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480542/016_ch_11_the_bid_for_the_crown.mp3" length="6044523" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b4f22902-407d-447e-97eb-61823b6ea50c/b4f22902-407d-447e-97eb-61823b6ea50c.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b4f22902-407d-447e-97eb-61823b6ea50c/b4f22902-407d-447e-97eb-61823b6ea50c.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b4f22902-407d-447e-97eb-61823b6ea50c/b4f22902-407d-447e-97eb-61823b6ea50c.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>755</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>015 - Ch 10 The Battle of Northampton</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/015-ch-10-the-battle-of-northampton--69480541</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480541</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:44:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480541/015_ch_10_the_battle_of_northampton.mp3" length="7606120" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/834757ea-3003-41ae-81cf-352b886194de/834757ea-3003-41ae-81cf-352b886194de.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/834757ea-3003-41ae-81cf-352b886194de/834757ea-3003-41ae-81cf-352b886194de.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/834757ea-3003-41ae-81cf-352b886194de/834757ea-3003-41ae-81cf-352b886194de.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>950</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>014 - Ch 9 The Yorkists in Exile</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/014-ch-9-the-yorkists-in-exile--69480539</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480539</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:44:14 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480539/014_ch_9_the_yorkists_in_exile.mp3" length="11531959" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/97d8f134-71c3-4f14-99c6-2112d4660fe6/97d8f134-71c3-4f14-99c6-2112d4660fe6.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/97d8f134-71c3-4f14-99c6-2112d4660fe6/97d8f134-71c3-4f14-99c6-2112d4660fe6.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/97d8f134-71c3-4f14-99c6-2112d4660fe6/97d8f134-71c3-4f14-99c6-2112d4660fe6.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1440</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>013 - Ch 8 The Battle of Bloreheath and the Attainder of the Yorkists</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/013-ch-8-the-battle-of-bloreheath-and-the-attainder-of-the-yorkists--69480538</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480538</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:44:04 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480538/013_ch_8_the_battle_of_bloreheath_and_the_attainder_of_the_yorkists.mp3" length="8708786" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/1260250f-f75a-4de4-9250-0d91cacc8a63/1260250f-f75a-4de4-9250-0d91cacc8a63.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/1260250f-f75a-4de4-9250-0d91cacc8a63/1260250f-f75a-4de4-9250-0d91cacc8a63.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/1260250f-f75a-4de4-9250-0d91cacc8a63/1260250f-f75a-4de4-9250-0d91cacc8a63.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1088</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>012 - Ch 7 The Second Protectorate of York and the Second Reconciliation of St Paul's Pt 2</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/012-ch-7-the-second-protectorate-of-york-and-the-second-reconciliation-of-st-paul-s-pt-2--69480537</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480537</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:43:56 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480537/012_ch_7_the_second_protectorate_of_york_and_the_second_reconciliation_of_st_paul_s_pt_2.mp3" length="9566692" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b795cbcf-fc46-4688-b489-85e1caebbb44/b795cbcf-fc46-4688-b489-85e1caebbb44.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b795cbcf-fc46-4688-b489-85e1caebbb44/b795cbcf-fc46-4688-b489-85e1caebbb44.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b795cbcf-fc46-4688-b489-85e1caebbb44/b795cbcf-fc46-4688-b489-85e1caebbb44.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1195</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>011 - Ch 7 The Second Protectorate of York and the Second Reconciliation of St Paul's Pt 1</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/011-ch-7-the-second-protectorate-of-york-and-the-second-reconciliation-of-st-paul-s-pt-1--69480535</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480535</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:43:48 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480535/011_ch_7_the_second_protectorate_of_york_and_the_second_reconciliation_of_st_paul_s_pt_1.mp3" length="12293465" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/71998d6d-6f7d-476c-90ff-3cdf9cf2fa64/71998d6d-6f7d-476c-90ff-3cdf9cf2fa64.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/71998d6d-6f7d-476c-90ff-3cdf9cf2fa64/71998d6d-6f7d-476c-90ff-3cdf9cf2fa64.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/71998d6d-6f7d-476c-90ff-3cdf9cf2fa64/71998d6d-6f7d-476c-90ff-3cdf9cf2fa64.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1535</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>010 - Ch 6 The King's Madness and the First Protectorate of York Pt 2</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/010-ch-6-the-king-s-madness-and-the-first-protectorate-of-york-pt-2--69480534</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480534</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:43:36 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480534/010_ch_6_the_king_s_madness_and_the_first_protectorate_of_york_pt_2.mp3" length="7467253" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/7202ee9c-410a-4bce-b3fe-7323d783e65e/7202ee9c-410a-4bce-b3fe-7323d783e65e.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/7202ee9c-410a-4bce-b3fe-7323d783e65e/7202ee9c-410a-4bce-b3fe-7323d783e65e.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/7202ee9c-410a-4bce-b3fe-7323d783e65e/7202ee9c-410a-4bce-b3fe-7323d783e65e.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480531</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:43:30 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480531/009_ch_6_the_king_s_madness_and_the_first_protectorate_of_york_pt_1.mp3" length="6687815" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/8dc26430-e95b-478f-81a5-e187c0bde267/8dc26430-e95b-478f-81a5-e187c0bde267.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/8dc26430-e95b-478f-81a5-e187c0bde267/8dc26430-e95b-478f-81a5-e187c0bde267.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/8dc26430-e95b-478f-81a5-e187c0bde267/8dc26430-e95b-478f-81a5-e187c0bde267.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480530</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:43:24 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480530/008_ch_5_somerset_and_york_pt_2.mp3" length="5344998" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/808e3282-4d1e-45f4-bc13-4868dc1c9db8/808e3282-4d1e-45f4-bc13-4868dc1c9db8.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/808e3282-4d1e-45f4-bc13-4868dc1c9db8/808e3282-4d1e-45f4-bc13-4868dc1c9db8.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/808e3282-4d1e-45f4-bc13-4868dc1c9db8/808e3282-4d1e-45f4-bc13-4868dc1c9db8.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480529</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:43:19 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480529/007_ch_5_somerset_and_york_pt_1.mp3" length="14330695" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1790</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>006 - Ch 4 The Struggle in the Council Pt 2</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/006-ch-4-the-struggle-in-the-council-pt-2--69480528</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. 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Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1360</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>005 - Ch 4 The Struggle in the Council Pt 1</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/005-ch-4-the-struggle-in-the-council-pt-1--69480527</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480527</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:42:58 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480527/005_ch_4_the_struggle_in_the_council_pt_1.mp3" length="8902261" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. 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(Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1112</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>004 - Ch 3 The French War</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/004-ch-3-the-french-war--69480526</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480526</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:42:51 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480526/004_ch_3_the_french_war.mp3" length="11309583" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1413</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>003 - Ch 2 Constitutional History of the Lancastrian Dynasty</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/003-ch-2-constitutional-history-of-the-lancastrian-dynasty--69480525</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480525</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:42:41 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480525/003_ch_2_constitutional_history_of_the_lancastrian_dynasty.mp3" length="8362569" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1045</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>002 - Ch 1 The Family Settlement of Edward III</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/002-ch-1-the-family-settlement-of-edward-iii--69480523</link><description><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. 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Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69480522</guid><pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 07:42:28 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69480522/001_preface.mp3" length="1262032" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Robert Balmain Mowat</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The Wars of the Roses, spanning from 1377 to 1471, were a tumultuous series of English civil wars fought for the throne of England, pitting two rival cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet—Lancaster and York—against each other. Scottish historian Robert Balmain Mowat (1883-1941) poignantly describes this era as witnessing the death of the old England and the beginning of the new. Amidst this chaos emerged formidable personalities the noble Richard of York, the cunning Warwick the Kingmaker, the multifaceted King Edward IV, and his fierce adversary, Margaret of Anjou, known as the true she-wolf of France. (Summary by Pamela Nagami, M.D.)]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>158</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>civil,england,history,lancaster,nobility,plantagenet,power,roses,wars,york</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/dc7a6a7728bf953ecf224fac3a0cf10e.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item></channel></rss>
