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<rss xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:podcast="https://podcastindex.org/namespace/1.0" xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" version="2.0"><channel><title>France, Spain and the Rif, Part 2</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/france-spain-and-the-rif-part-2--6841350</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><atom:link href="https://www.spreaker.com/show/6841350/episodes/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><language>en</language><category>History</category><copyright>Copyright Plays and Dramas</copyright><image><url>https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg</url><title>France, Spain and the Rif, Part 2</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/france-spain-and-the-rif-part-2--6841350</link></image><lastBuildDate>Sun, 13 Sep 2026 09:10:50 +0000</lastBuildDate><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:owner><itunes:name>Public Domain</itunes:name><itunes:email>spreaker18@adfreesounds.com</itunes:email></itunes:owner><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:category text="History"/><itunes:category text="News"><itunes:category text="Politics"/></itunes:category><itunes:category text="Science"><itunes:category text="Social Sciences"/></itunes:category><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><podcast:guid>ae9432a4-6138-584c-8f77-774d36c73df5</podcast:guid><itunes:type>episodic</itunes:type><item><title>Tales Of The Trail; Short Stories Of Western Life-Henry Inman</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/tales-of-the-trail-short-stories-of-western-life-henry-inman--74848690</link><description><![CDATA["Tales Of The Trail; Short Stories Of Western Life" by Henry Inman captures the rugged spirit and vivid imagery of the American West through a collection of compelling short stories. These tales reflect the trials and triumphs of life on the frontier, showcasing the resilience and determination of those who shaped the landscape. With themes of adventure, survival, and the human experience, this audiobook resonates with listeners today, reminding us of the enduring quest for freedom and identity. Inman's storytelling transports us to a time of exploration and challenge, making it a timeless journey worth experiencing for both history enthusiasts and lovers of narrative alike.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74848690</guid><pubDate>Sun, 13 Sep 2026 09:01:01 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74848690/tales_of_the_trail_short_stories_of_western_life_henry_inman.mp3" length="175963601" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"Tales Of The Trail; Short Stories Of Western Life" by Henry Inman captures the rugged spirit and vivid imagery of the American West through a collection of compelling short stories. These tales reflect the trials and triumphs of life on the frontier,...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["Tales Of The Trail; Short Stories Of Western Life" by Henry Inman captures the rugged spirit and vivid imagery of the American West through a collection of compelling short stories. These tales reflect the trials and triumphs of life on the frontier, showcasing the resilience and determination of those who shaped the landscape. With themes of adventure, survival, and the human experience, this audiobook resonates with listeners today, reminding us of the enduring quest for freedom and identity. Inman's storytelling transports us to a time of exploration and challenge, making it a timeless journey worth experiencing for both history enthusiasts and lovers of narrative alike.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>21974</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>History of the United States, Vol. VII-Charles Austin Beard, Mary Ritter Beard</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/history-of-the-united-states-vol-vii-charles-austin-beard-mary-ritter-beard--74841996</link><description><![CDATA["History of the United States, Vol. VII" by Charles Austin Beard and Mary Ritter Beard offers a comprehensive exploration of the pivotal events and transformations that shaped the nation. This volume delves into the complexities of American history, emphasizing the economic, social, and political forces that have influenced its development. Listening to this audiobook today provides valuable insights into the enduring themes of democracy, conflict, and societal change that continue to resonate in contemporary discussions about national identity and governance.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74841996</guid><pubDate>Sat, 12 Sep 2026 09:01:08 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74841996/history_of_the_united_states_vol_vii_charles_austin_beard_mary_ritter_beard.mp3" length="129161137" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"History of the United States, Vol. VII" by Charles Austin Beard and Mary Ritter Beard offers a comprehensive exploration of the pivotal events and transformations that shaped the nation. This volume delves into the complexities of American history,...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["History of the United States, Vol. VII" by Charles Austin Beard and Mary Ritter Beard offers a comprehensive exploration of the pivotal events and transformations that shaped the nation. This volume delves into the complexities of American history, emphasizing the economic, social, and political forces that have influenced its development. Listening to this audiobook today provides valuable insights into the enduring themes of democracy, conflict, and societal change that continue to resonate in contemporary discussions about national identity and governance.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>16129</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Running Water-A. E. W. Mason</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/running-water-a-e-w-mason--74950876</link><description><![CDATA["Running Water" by A. E. W. Mason invites listeners into a world where the themes of adventure and exploration come alive. This gripping tale captures the essence of human resilience and the quest for understanding amidst unfamiliar landscapes. As the characters navigate their journeys, they confront both external challenges and internal struggles, making it a timeless reflection on the human condition. The narrative's exploration of courage and the pursuit of truth resonates deeply today, reminding us of the enduring spirit of adventure that exists within us all. Experience the rich storytelling that has captivated audiences for generations and discover why this classic remains relevant.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74950876</guid><pubDate>Fri, 11 Sep 2026 09:01:03 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74950876/5569_running_water_a_e_w_mason.mp3" length="248837065" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"Running Water" by A. E. W. Mason invites listeners into a world where the themes of adventure and exploration come alive. This gripping tale captures the essence of human resilience and the quest for understanding amidst unfamiliar landscapes. As the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["Running Water" by A. E. W. Mason invites listeners into a world where the themes of adventure and exploration come alive. This gripping tale captures the essence of human resilience and the quest for understanding amidst unfamiliar landscapes. As the characters navigate their journeys, they confront both external challenges and internal struggles, making it a timeless reflection on the human condition. The narrative's exploration of courage and the pursuit of truth resonates deeply today, reminding us of the enduring spirit of adventure that exists within us all. Experience the rich storytelling that has captivated audiences for generations and discover why this classic remains relevant.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>31073</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Five Years of My Life 1894-1899-Alfred Dreyfus</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/five-years-of-my-life-1894-1899-alfred-dreyfus--74948317</link><description><![CDATA["Five Years of My Life 1894-1899" by Alfred Dreyfus offers a poignant and personal account of the author's experiences during a tumultuous period in French history. This memoir sheds light on themes of injustice, resilience, and the struggle for truth, as Dreyfus navigates the complexities of his wrongful conviction and the ensuing public scandal. The enduring relevance of his story lies in its exploration of the human spirit in the face of adversity and the fight against systemic oppression. Hearing Dreyfus's narrative today serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of standing up for justice and the impact of individual courage in challenging times.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74948317</guid><pubDate>Thu, 10 Sep 2026 09:01:07 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74948317/five_years_of_my_life_1894_1899_alfred_dreyfus.mp3" length="179936406" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"Five Years of My Life 1894-1899" by Alfred Dreyfus offers a poignant and personal account of the author's experiences during a tumultuous period in French history. This memoir sheds light on themes of injustice, resilience, and the struggle for...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["Five Years of My Life 1894-1899" by Alfred Dreyfus offers a poignant and personal account of the author's experiences during a tumultuous period in French history. This memoir sheds light on themes of injustice, resilience, and the struggle for truth, as Dreyfus navigates the complexities of his wrongful conviction and the ensuing public scandal. The enduring relevance of his story lies in its exploration of the human spirit in the face of adversity and the fight against systemic oppression. Hearing Dreyfus's narrative today serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of standing up for justice and the impact of individual courage in challenging times.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>22469</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Journey of Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca-Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/journey-of-alvar-nunez-cabeza-de-vaca-alvar-nunez-cabeza-de-vaca--74945830</link><description><![CDATA[Journey of Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca is a compelling account of exploration and survival, chronicling the harrowing experiences of its titular figure as he navigates the challenges of the New World. This narrative not only sheds light on the trials faced by early explorers but also delves into themes of resilience, faith, and the quest for identity in unfamiliar territories. The story resonates today as it reflects the enduring human spirit in the face of adversity and the complexities of cultural encounters. Cabeza de Vaca's journey serves as a timeless reminder of the transformative power of experience and the unyielding pursuit of understanding in a world that is often unpredictable.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74945830</guid><pubDate>Wed, 09 Sep 2026 09:01:33 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74945830/4770_journey_of_alvar_nu_n_ez_cabeza_de_vaca_alvar_nu_n_ez_cabeza_de_vaca.mp3" length="124525246" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Journey of Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca is a compelling account of exploration and survival, chronicling the harrowing experiences of its titular figure as he navigates the challenges of the New World. This narrative not only sheds light on the trials...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Journey of Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca is a compelling account of exploration and survival, chronicling the harrowing experiences of its titular figure as he navigates the challenges of the New World. This narrative not only sheds light on the trials faced by early explorers but also delves into themes of resilience, faith, and the quest for identity in unfamiliar territories. The story resonates today as it reflects the enduring human spirit in the face of adversity and the complexities of cultural encounters. Cabeza de Vaca's journey serves as a timeless reminder of the transformative power of experience and the unyielding pursuit of understanding in a world that is often unpredictable.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>15550</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>ez</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Cellar-House of Pervyse-Mairi Chisholm, Elsie Knocker</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/cellar-house-of-pervyse-mairi-chisholm-elsie-knocker--74942293</link><description><![CDATA["Cellar-House of Pervyse" tells the remarkable story of Mairi Chisholm and Elsie Knocker, two women who defied societal norms to serve as frontline nurses during World War I. Their unwavering courage and commitment to saving lives in the midst of chaos highlight the resilience of the human spirit. This audiobook captures the essence of their extraordinary contributions, showcasing themes of bravery, compassion, and the fight for recognition in a male-dominated world. Listening to their story today serves as a powerful reminder of the impact individuals can have in times of crisis and the importance of standing up for what is right, making it a timeless narrative that resonates across generations.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74942293</guid><pubDate>Tue, 08 Sep 2026 09:01:28 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74942293/cellar_house_of_pervyse_mairi_chisholm_elsie_knocker.mp3" length="162547251" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"Cellar-House of Pervyse" tells the remarkable story of Mairi Chisholm and Elsie Knocker, two women who defied societal norms to serve as frontline nurses during World War I. Their unwavering courage and commitment to saving lives in the midst of...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["Cellar-House of Pervyse" tells the remarkable story of Mairi Chisholm and Elsie Knocker, two women who defied societal norms to serve as frontline nurses during World War I. Their unwavering courage and commitment to saving lives in the midst of chaos highlight the resilience of the human spirit. This audiobook captures the essence of their extraordinary contributions, showcasing themes of bravery, compassion, and the fight for recognition in a male-dominated world. Listening to their story today serves as a powerful reminder of the impact individuals can have in times of crisis and the importance of standing up for what is right, making it a timeless narrative that resonates across generations.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>20298</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>War Impressions Being a Record in Colour-Mortimer Menpes, Dorothy Menpes</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/war-impressions-being-a-record-in-colour-mortimer-menpes-dorothy-menpes--74939445</link><description><![CDATA["War Impressions Being a Record in Colour" by Mortimer Menpes and Dorothy Menpes is a vivid exploration of the experiences and landscapes encountered during wartime, captured through the unique lens of color illustrations. This work stands out for its artistic interpretation of the realities of war, blending visual art with personal reflections that evoke the emotional weight of conflict. The themes of resilience and the human spirit in the face of adversity resonate deeply today, reminding listeners of the enduring impact of war on society and the importance of preserving history through art.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74939445</guid><pubDate>Mon, 07 Sep 2026 09:01:47 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74939445/war_impressions_being_a_record_in_colour_mortimer_menpes_dorothy_menpes.mp3" length="199647135" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"War Impressions Being a Record in Colour" by Mortimer Menpes and Dorothy Menpes is a vivid exploration of the experiences and landscapes encountered during wartime, captured through the unique lens of color illustrations. This work stands out for its...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["War Impressions Being a Record in Colour" by Mortimer Menpes and Dorothy Menpes is a vivid exploration of the experiences and landscapes encountered during wartime, captured through the unique lens of color illustrations. This work stands out for its artistic interpretation of the realities of war, blending visual art with personal reflections that evoke the emotional weight of conflict. The themes of resilience and the human spirit in the face of adversity resonate deeply today, reminding listeners of the enduring impact of war on society and the importance of preserving history through art.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>24931</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Crisis A Record of the Darker Races, Vol. I, No. 2-W. E. B. Du Bois</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/crisis-a-record-of-the-darker-races-vol-i-no-2-w-e-b-du-bois--74831986</link><description><![CDATA[Crisis A Record of the Darker Races, Vol. I, No. 2 by W. E. B. Du Bois delves into the complexities and struggles faced by marginalized communities, providing a powerful lens through which to examine racial dynamics. This volume captures the essence of the ongoing fight for equality and justice, making it a crucial listen for anyone seeking to understand the historical roots of contemporary social issues. Du Bois's insights remain relevant today, as they challenge listeners to reflect on the persistent inequalities that continue to affect society. Engaging with this work not only honors the legacy of its author but also inspires a deeper awareness of the struggles that shape our world.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74831986</guid><pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2026 09:01:45 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74831986/crisis_a_record_of_the_darker_races_vol_i_no_2_w_e_b_du_bois.mp3" length="67706432" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Crisis A Record of the Darker Races, Vol. I, No. 2 by W. E. B. Du Bois delves into the complexities and struggles faced by marginalized communities, providing a powerful lens through which to examine racial dynamics. This volume captures the essence...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Crisis A Record of the Darker Races, Vol. I, No. 2 by W. E. B. Du Bois delves into the complexities and struggles faced by marginalized communities, providing a powerful lens through which to examine racial dynamics. This volume captures the essence of the ongoing fight for equality and justice, making it a crucial listen for anyone seeking to understand the historical roots of contemporary social issues. Du Bois's insights remain relevant today, as they challenge listeners to reflect on the persistent inequalities that continue to affect society. Engaging with this work not only honors the legacy of its author but also inspires a deeper awareness of the struggles that shape our world.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>8455</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Gettysburg National Military Park, Pennsylvania-Frederick Herman Tilberg</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/gettysburg-national-military-park-pennsylvania-frederick-herman-tilberg--74824429</link><description><![CDATA[Explore the rich history of Gettysburg National Military Park in Pennsylvania through the insightful perspectives of Frederick Herman Tilberg. This audiobook delves into the significance of one of America’s most pivotal battlefields, capturing the essence of sacrifice, valor, and the enduring legacy of those who fought there. As listeners immerse themselves in Tilberg's reflections, they will find themes of courage and remembrance that resonate deeply in today's world. The lessons drawn from this historic site continue to inspire discussions about unity and the impact of conflict on society, making this a timeless narrative worth experiencing now.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74824429</guid><pubDate>Sat, 05 Sep 2026 09:01:33 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74824429/gettysburg_national_military_park_pennsylvania_frederick_herman_tilberg.mp3" length="44905962" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Explore the rich history of Gettysburg National Military Park in Pennsylvania through the insightful perspectives of Frederick Herman Tilberg. This audiobook delves into the significance of one of America’s most pivotal battlefields, capturing the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Explore the rich history of Gettysburg National Military Park in Pennsylvania through the insightful perspectives of Frederick Herman Tilberg. This audiobook delves into the significance of one of America’s most pivotal battlefields, capturing the essence of sacrifice, valor, and the enduring legacy of those who fought there. As listeners immerse themselves in Tilberg's reflections, they will find themes of courage and remembrance that resonate deeply in today's world. The lessons drawn from this historic site continue to inspire discussions about unity and the impact of conflict on society, making this a timeless narrative worth experiencing now.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>5608</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Crisis A Record of the Darker Races, Vol. I, No. 3-W. E. B. Du Bois</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/crisis-a-record-of-the-darker-races-vol-i-no-3-w-e-b-du-bois--74724329</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74724329</guid><pubDate>Sun, 30 Aug 2026 09:01:47 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74724329/crisis_a_record_of_the_darker_races_vol_i_no_3_w_e_b_du_bois.mp3" length="79801305" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>9965</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>History of the United States, Vol. IV The West and Jacksonian Democracy-Charles Austin Beard, Mary Ritter Beard</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/history-of-the-united-states-vol-iv-the-west-and-jacksonian-democracy-charles-austin-beard-mary-ritter-beard--74722192</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74722192</guid><pubDate>Sat, 29 Aug 2026 09:02:10 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74722192/history_of_the_united_states_vol_iv_the_west_and_jacksonian_democracy_charles_austin_beard_mary_ritter_beard.mp3" length="93915685" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>11728</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 1 The Pusan Perimeter-Nicholas Canzona, Lynn Montross</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/u-s-marine-operations-in-korea-1950-1953-volume-1-the-pusan-perimeter-nicholas-canzona-lynn-montross--74533274</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74533274</guid><pubDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2026 09:09:28 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74533274/u_s_marine_operations_in_korea_1950_1953_volume_1_the_pusan_perimeter_nicholas_canzona_lynn_montross.mp3" length="220659061" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>27555</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648-Samuel Rawson Gardiner</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/thirty-years-war-1618-1648-samuel-rawson-gardiner--74469480</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74469480</guid><pubDate>Sun, 23 Aug 2026 09:07:46 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74469480/thirty_years_war_1618_1648_samuel_rawson_gardiner.mp3" length="235525056" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>29411</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Facts of Reconstruction-John R. Lynch</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/facts-of-reconstruction-john-r-lynch--74407312</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74407312</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Aug 2026 09:07:06 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74407312/facts_of_reconstruction_john_r_lynch.mp3" length="234071549" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>29230</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Finland and the Tsars, 1809-1899-Joseph R. Fisher</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/finland-and-the-tsars-1809-1899-joseph-r-fisher--74211967</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74211967</guid><pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2026 09:05:57 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74211967/finland_and_the_tsars_1809_1899_joseph_r_fisher.mp3" length="243906414" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>30457</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>War Impressions Being a Record in Colour-Mortimer Menpes, Dorothy Menpes</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/war-impressions-being-a-record-in-colour-mortimer-menpes-dorothy-menpes--74149564</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74149564</guid><pubDate>Thu, 20 Aug 2026 09:06:14 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74149564/war_impressions_being_a_record_in_colour_mortimer_menpes_dorothy_menpes.mp3" length="199647135" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>24931</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Rough Notes Taken During Some Rapid Journeys Across the Pampas and Among the Andes-Francis Bond Head</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/rough-notes-taken-during-some-rapid-journeys-across-the-pampas-and-among-the-andes-francis-bond-head--74099500</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74099500</guid><pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2026 09:05:57 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74099500/rough_notes_taken_during_some_rapid_journeys_across_the_pampas_and_among_the_andes_francis_bond_head.mp3" length="228355790" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>28516</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Crisis A Record of the Darker Races, Vol. I, No. 4-W. E. B. Du Bois</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/crisis-a-record-of-the-darker-races-vol-i-no-4-w-e-b-du-bois--74056820</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74056820</guid><pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2026 09:06:52 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74056820/crisis_a_record_of_the_darker_races_vol_i_no_4_w_e_b_du_bois.mp3" length="69435279" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>8671</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>With the Turks in Palestine-Alexander Aaronsohn</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/with-the-turks-in-palestine-alexander-aaronsohn--74003661</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74003661</guid><pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2026 09:06:56 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74003661/with_the_turks_in_palestine_alexander_aaronsohn.mp3" length="55220492" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>6896</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Reflections on War and Death-Sigmund Freud</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/reflections-on-war-and-death-sigmund-freud--73938284</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73938284</guid><pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2026 09:05:36 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73938284/reflections_on_war_and_death_sigmund_freud.mp3" length="36269664" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>4529</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Old Regime and the Revolution-Alexis de Tocqueville</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/old-regime-and-the-revolution-alexis-de-tocqueville--73887552</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73887552</guid><pubDate>Sat, 15 Aug 2026 09:07:29 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73887552/old_regime_and_the_revolution_alexis_de_tocqueville.mp3" length="208695260" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>26061</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Henry VI, Part 3-William Shakespeare</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/henry-vi-part-3-william-shakespeare--73810323</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73810323</guid><pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2026 09:06:34 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73810323/henry_vi_part_3_william_shakespeare.mp3" length="86283492" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>10774</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Prince (Version 3)-Niccolò Machiavelli</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/prince-version-3-niccolo-machiavelli--73773560</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73773560</guid><pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 19:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73773560/prince_version_3_niccolo_machiavelli.mp3" length="99073803" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>12372</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Mob Rule In New Orleans-Ida B. Wells-Barnett</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/mob-rule-in-new-orleans-ida-b-wells-barnett--73740381</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73740381</guid><pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 05:19:55 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73740381/11440_mob_rule_in_new_orleans_ida_b_wells_barnett.mp3" length="70922565" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>8857</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Lives of Greek Statesmen-George William Cox</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/lives-of-greek-statesmen-george-william-cox--73677553</link><description><![CDATA["Lives of Greek Statesmen" by George William Cox offers an insightful exploration of the influential figures who shaped the trajectory of ancient Greece. This work delves into the lives and contributions of key political leaders, illuminating their roles in the development of democratic ideals and governance. The themes of leadership, civic responsibility, and the complexities of power remain relevant today, as they echo in contemporary discussions about political integrity and the responsibilities of statesmanship. Hearing this audiobook now provides a timeless perspective on the foundations of political thought and the enduring impact of historical figures on modern governance.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73677553</guid><pubDate>Sat, 08 Aug 2026 18:57:21 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73677553/lives_of_greek_statesmen_george_william_cox.mp3" length="255655366" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"Lives of Greek Statesmen" by George William Cox offers an insightful exploration of the influential figures who shaped the trajectory of ancient Greece. This work delves into the lives and contributions of key political leaders, illuminating their...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["Lives of Greek Statesmen" by George William Cox offers an insightful exploration of the influential figures who shaped the trajectory of ancient Greece. This work delves into the lives and contributions of key political leaders, illuminating their roles in the development of democratic ideals and governance. The themes of leadership, civic responsibility, and the complexities of power remain relevant today, as they echo in contemporary discussions about political integrity and the responsibilities of statesmanship. Hearing this audiobook now provides a timeless perspective on the foundations of political thought and the enduring impact of historical figures on modern governance.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>31925</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Tree of Appomattox-Joseph A. Altsheler</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/tree-of-appomattox-joseph-a-altsheler--73641943</link><description><![CDATA["Tree of Appomattox" by Joseph A. Altsheler captures the tumultuous period of the American Civil War, exploring themes of conflict, loyalty, and the struggle for identity. This historical narrative delves into the complexities faced by individuals caught in the throes of war, making it a poignant reflection on the human experience during times of strife. Its exploration of courage and resilience resonates with listeners today, as the challenges of maintaining one's beliefs and values in the face of adversity remain relevant.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73641943</guid><pubDate>Fri, 07 Aug 2026 23:24:09 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73641943/tree_of_appomattox_joseph_a_altsheler.mp3" length="253000978" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"Tree of Appomattox" by Joseph A. Altsheler captures the tumultuous period of the American Civil War, exploring themes of conflict, loyalty, and the struggle for identity. This historical narrative delves into the complexities faced by individuals...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["Tree of Appomattox" by Joseph A. Altsheler captures the tumultuous period of the American Civil War, exploring themes of conflict, loyalty, and the struggle for identity. This historical narrative delves into the complexities faced by individuals caught in the throes of war, making it a poignant reflection on the human experience during times of strife. Its exploration of courage and resilience resonates with listeners today, as the challenges of maintaining one's beliefs and values in the face of adversity remain relevant.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>31593</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Crisis A Record of the Darker Races, Vol. I, No. 3-W. E. B. Du Bois</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/crisis-a-record-of-the-darker-races-vol-i-no-3-w-e-b-du-bois--73598589</link><description><![CDATA[Crisis A Record of the Darker Races, Vol. I, No. 3 by W. E. B. Du Bois is a compelling exploration of the experiences and challenges faced by marginalized communities. This volume delves into the historical and social dynamics that shape the lives of darker races, offering insights that remain relevant in today's discussions about race and identity. Du Bois's work is essential for understanding the complexities of racial issues and the enduring struggle for equality and justice. Its themes of resilience and advocacy continue to inspire movements for social change, making it a vital listen for anyone seeking to comprehend the ongoing impact of these historical narratives.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73598589</guid><pubDate>Fri, 07 Aug 2026 05:56:33 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73598589/crisis_a_record_of_the_darker_races_vol_i_no_3_w_e_b_du_bois.mp3" length="79801305" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Crisis A Record of the Darker Races, Vol. I, No. 3 by W. E. B. Du Bois is a compelling exploration of the experiences and challenges faced by marginalized communities. This volume delves into the historical and social dynamics that shape the lives of...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Crisis A Record of the Darker Races, Vol. I, No. 3 by W. E. B. Du Bois is a compelling exploration of the experiences and challenges faced by marginalized communities. This volume delves into the historical and social dynamics that shape the lives of darker races, offering insights that remain relevant in today's discussions about race and identity. Du Bois's work is essential for understanding the complexities of racial issues and the enduring struggle for equality and justice. Its themes of resilience and advocacy continue to inspire movements for social change, making it a vital listen for anyone seeking to comprehend the ongoing impact of these historical narratives.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>9965</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Full Speed Ahead Tales From The Log Of A Correspondent-Henry Beston</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/full-speed-ahead-tales-from-the-log-of-a-correspondent-henry-beston--73551777</link><description><![CDATA["Full Speed Ahead Tales From The Log Of A Correspondent" by Henry Beston offers a vivid account of a correspondent's experiences, capturing the essence of life on the frontlines during a time of conflict. This compelling narrative invites listeners to reflect on the resilience of the human spirit and the complexities of war, themes that remain relevant today as societies continue to grapple with the consequences of conflict. Beston’s evocative prose transports audiences to distant lands, fostering a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by those who report from the frontlines. Engaging and thought-provoking, this audiobook is a timeless reminder of the power of storytelling in illuminating the human experience.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73551777</guid><pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 10:54:14 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73551777/full_speed_ahead_tales_from_the_log_of_a_correspondent_henry_beston.mp3" length="138773708" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"Full Speed Ahead Tales From The Log Of A Correspondent" by Henry Beston offers a vivid account of a correspondent's experiences, capturing the essence of life on the frontlines during a time of conflict. This compelling narrative invites listeners to...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["Full Speed Ahead Tales From The Log Of A Correspondent" by Henry Beston offers a vivid account of a correspondent's experiences, capturing the essence of life on the frontlines during a time of conflict. This compelling narrative invites listeners to reflect on the resilience of the human spirit and the complexities of war, themes that remain relevant today as societies continue to grapple with the consequences of conflict. Beston’s evocative prose transports audiences to distant lands, fostering a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by those who report from the frontlines. Engaging and thought-provoking, this audiobook is a timeless reminder of the power of storytelling in illuminating the human experience.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>17329</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Astrophel and Stella-Sir Philip Sidney</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/astrophel-and-stella-sir-philip-sidney--73498351</link><description><![CDATA["Astrophel and Stella" by Sir Philip Sidney is a poignant exploration of love and longing, encapsulating the emotional turmoil of unrequited affection. This collection of sonnets and songs delves into the complexities of desire, reflecting the timeless human experience of love's joys and sorrows. Sidney's masterful use of language and form elevates the work, making it a significant contribution to the canon of English poetry. Its themes of love, beauty, and the quest for connection remain relevant today, resonating with anyone who has navigated the intricacies of romance. Listening to this work offers a chance to appreciate the enduring power of poetic expression and the universal nature of human emotions.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73498351</guid><pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2026 14:27:59 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/73498351/astrophel_and_stella_sir_philip_sidney.mp3" length="48482480" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>"Astrophel and Stella" by Sir Philip Sidney is a poignant exploration of love and longing, encapsulating the emotional turmoil of unrequited affection. This collection of sonnets and songs delves into the complexities of desire, reflecting the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA["Astrophel and Stella" by Sir Philip Sidney is a poignant exploration of love and longing, encapsulating the emotional turmoil of unrequited affection. This collection of sonnets and songs delves into the complexities of desire, reflecting the timeless human experience of love's joys and sorrows. Sidney's masterful use of language and form elevates the work, making it a significant contribution to the canon of English poetry. Its themes of love, beauty, and the quest for connection remain relevant today, resonating with anyone who has navigated the intricacies of romance. Listening to this work offers a chance to appreciate the enduring power of poetic expression and the universal nature of human emotions.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>6054</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>009 - Chapter 13 Surrender of Abdel Krim</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/009-chapter-13-surrender-of-abdel-krim--69320049</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69320049</guid><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 09:41:45 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69320049/009_chapter_13_surrender_of_abdel_krim.mp3" length="25368964" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/81e354c5-02ea-4b02-88f6-999f3c553fd5/81e354c5-02ea-4b02-88f6-999f3c553fd5.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/81e354c5-02ea-4b02-88f6-999f3c553fd5/81e354c5-02ea-4b02-88f6-999f3c553fd5.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/81e354c5-02ea-4b02-88f6-999f3c553fd5/81e354c5-02ea-4b02-88f6-999f3c553fd5.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3168</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>abd el-krim,chemical weapons,colonialism,conflict,france,history,politics,rif,spain,war</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>008 - Chapter 12b The Ujda Conference</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/008-chapter-12b-the-ujda-conference--69320047</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69320047</guid><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 09:41:24 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69320047/008_chapter_12b_the_ujda_conference.mp3" length="12078582" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/5af45296-815d-4512-b04a-afa039f62ca7/5af45296-815d-4512-b04a-afa039f62ca7.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/5af45296-815d-4512-b04a-afa039f62ca7/5af45296-815d-4512-b04a-afa039f62ca7.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/5af45296-815d-4512-b04a-afa039f62ca7/5af45296-815d-4512-b04a-afa039f62ca7.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1509</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>abd el-krim,chemical weapons,colonialism,conflict,france,history,politics,rif,spain,war</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>007 - Chapter 12a The Ujda Conference</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/007-chapter-12a-the-ujda-conference--69320046</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69320046</guid><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 09:41:13 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69320046/007_chapter_12a_the_ujda_conference.mp3" length="16361509" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/f8b1f15e-3355-4d23-b6e6-c55ab1764658/f8b1f15e-3355-4d23-b6e6-c55ab1764658.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/f8b1f15e-3355-4d23-b6e6-c55ab1764658/f8b1f15e-3355-4d23-b6e6-c55ab1764658.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/f8b1f15e-3355-4d23-b6e6-c55ab1764658/f8b1f15e-3355-4d23-b6e6-c55ab1764658.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2043</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>abd el-krim,chemical weapons,colonialism,conflict,france,history,politics,rif,spain,war</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>006 - Chapter 11 In Search of Peace</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/006-chapter-11-in-search-of-peace--69320043</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69320043</guid><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 09:41:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69320043/006_chapter_11_in_search_of_peace.mp3" length="24674870" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/65d5d523-8446-4a29-905e-cd7dc5987b92/65d5d523-8446-4a29-905e-cd7dc5987b92.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/65d5d523-8446-4a29-905e-cd7dc5987b92/65d5d523-8446-4a29-905e-cd7dc5987b92.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/65d5d523-8446-4a29-905e-cd7dc5987b92/65d5d523-8446-4a29-905e-cd7dc5987b92.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3082</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>abd el-krim,chemical weapons,colonialism,conflict,france,history,politics,rif,spain,war</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>005 - Chapter 10 The French Campaign Summer 1925</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/005-chapter-10-the-french-campaign-summer-1925--69320042</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69320042</guid><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 09:40:41 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69320042/005_chapter_10_the_french_campaign_summer_1925.mp3" length="23566187" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/21ef0d6f-30e0-454f-a658-2b286792c5fc/21ef0d6f-30e0-454f-a658-2b286792c5fc.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/21ef0d6f-30e0-454f-a658-2b286792c5fc/21ef0d6f-30e0-454f-a658-2b286792c5fc.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/21ef0d6f-30e0-454f-a658-2b286792c5fc/21ef0d6f-30e0-454f-a658-2b286792c5fc.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2943</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>abd el-krim,chemical weapons,colonialism,conflict,france,history,politics,rif,spain,war</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>004 - Chapter 9 The French Campaign Spring 1925</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/004-chapter-9-the-french-campaign-spring-1925--69320041</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69320041</guid><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 09:40:22 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69320041/004_chapter_9_the_french_campaign_spring_1925.mp3" length="17375669" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/8e46c842-9c74-41a9-9427-d79b29492860/8e46c842-9c74-41a9-9427-d79b29492860.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/8e46c842-9c74-41a9-9427-d79b29492860/8e46c842-9c74-41a9-9427-d79b29492860.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/8e46c842-9c74-41a9-9427-d79b29492860/8e46c842-9c74-41a9-9427-d79b29492860.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2170</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>abd el-krim,chemical weapons,colonialism,conflict,france,history,politics,rif,spain,war</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>003 - Chapter 8b The French in Morocco</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/003-chapter-8b-the-french-in-morocco--69320037</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69320037</guid><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 09:40:08 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69320037/003_chapter_8b_the_french_in_morocco.mp3" length="13218034" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/6b993bd5-6b68-46bf-baec-eddb044204b8/6b993bd5-6b68-46bf-baec-eddb044204b8.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/6b993bd5-6b68-46bf-baec-eddb044204b8/6b993bd5-6b68-46bf-baec-eddb044204b8.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/6b993bd5-6b68-46bf-baec-eddb044204b8/6b993bd5-6b68-46bf-baec-eddb044204b8.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1651</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>abd el-krim,chemical weapons,colonialism,conflict,france,history,politics,rif,spain,war</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>002 - Chapter 8a The French in Morocco</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/002-chapter-8a-the-french-in-morocco--69320036</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69320036</guid><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 09:39:57 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69320036/002_chapter_8a_the_french_in_morocco.mp3" length="14229251" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/f99382fd-e529-4237-9f60-a1041038dabd/f99382fd-e529-4237-9f60-a1041038dabd.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/f99382fd-e529-4237-9f60-a1041038dabd/f99382fd-e529-4237-9f60-a1041038dabd.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/f99382fd-e529-4237-9f60-a1041038dabd/f99382fd-e529-4237-9f60-a1041038dabd.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1777</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>abd el-krim,chemical weapons,colonialism,conflict,france,history,politics,rif,spain,war</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>001 - Chapter 7 Disembarkation in the Rif</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/001-chapter-7-disembarkation-in-the-rif--69320035</link><description><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/69320035</guid><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 09:39:45 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69320035/001_chapter_7_disembarkation_in_the_rif.mp3" length="15375399" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/0a167734-2560-4c61-8929-693dffd991cf/0a167734-2560-4c61-8929-693dffd991cf.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/0a167734-2560-4c61-8929-693dffd991cf/0a167734-2560-4c61-8929-693dffd991cf.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/0a167734-2560-4c61-8929-693dffd991cf/0a167734-2560-4c61-8929-693dffd991cf.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Walter Burton Harris</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Dive into the tumultuous era of the Rif War, a brutal conflict between 1921 and 1926 that marked a dark chapter in colonial history. This five-year struggle was not only a desperate attempt by Spain to assert control over a territory in North Africa granted to them by France, but it was also a catastrophic venture that left a deep scar on all parties involved—the Spanish, the French, and the Rifian people. With over forty thousand Spanish casualties and a nation left humiliated, the war set the stage for the fall of Alfonso XIII, civil unrest, and the rise of Franco. Meanwhile, the French Republic, entangled in its own colonial ambitions in Morocco, faced eighteen thousand casualties. The conflict sparked widespread outrage among the French left and served as a catalyst for anti-colonial movements that would echo for decades. Ultimately, the valiant resistance led by Abd El-Krim’s Republic of the Rif was crushed by a formidable opposing force, numbering nearly half a million troops, equipped with tanks and aircraft. The use of chemical weapons against civilian populations further darkened this already grim narrative. Interestingly, during the war, Spain and France signed the Geneva Protocol to prohibit chemical weapons—though the treaty would not take effect until 1928. It’s a poignant reminder of the moral complexities of war. This gripping account is narrated by Alister, based on the observations of Walter Burton Harris, a British correspondent for The Times who had deep ties to Morocco since 1887.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1920</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>abd el-krim,chemical weapons,colonialism,conflict,france,history,politics,rif,spain,war</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/def3eb89ebc4cdae74acd58aac24d5f1.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item></channel></rss>
