https://www.spreaker.com/show/finland-and-the-tsars-1809-1899-by-josep
Fisher’s treatment of the history of Finland, in the context of its relations with Russia, was released in 1899—at the start of the first attempted wave of Russification. At this time, it seems, many Finns regarded it as a misunderstanding. A mistake. Not a contrivance of Nicholas II, but a villainy emanating instead, fen-sucked, from the sinister Russian state machinery—the fief of a myopic and obdurate cadre of supremacists and absolutists. Men like the rabid anti-semite Konstantin Pobedonostsev who, by the camera's harsh testimony, seems to have died long before he stopped coming in to work, and like Ivan Goremykin who in an ironic twist of fate would not so very much later – after 1906 – have to stretch his mind to try to contend with the obscenity of constitutional monarchy at home. Men who all nursed a bitter grudge at the perceived slight to their omnipotence called Finland. The long-standing arrangements and understandings between Finland and the Tsars had up to this time, for the better part of a century, served both parties very well. And would undoubtedly have stood Russia in good stead into the twentieth century. Every Tsar reaffirmed a solemn pledge to maintain the Fundamental Laws underpinning the constitutional order, to uphold Alexander I's promise to respect "their religion, their laws, their liberties and their rights." Every Tsar honored it—until Nicholas II. In return, Finland turned its back on Sweden to stand at Russia's side bringing with it a domain which was loyal, orderly and industrious and soon enough became highly educated and prosperous too. Regardless of the shocks and reversals the Empire encountered, the Grand Duchy was unwavering so far as imperial internal security went, producing never "...a conspirator or an agitator against Russia. It provided instead generals for her armies and admirals for her fleet." Subversion and coercion efforts against the Finnish state would be abruptly halted in the immediate aftermath of the bitter defeat meted out by Japan in 1905; Saint Petersburg had unrest aplenty across its vast and ethnically diverse extent without manufacturing more. These efforts would resume. Finland would be driven to, at the first opportunity, declare independence in 1917. The events of the twentieth century would be profoundly influenced by the collapse of Russo-Finnish cooperation, by the Winter War and by Finland’s politics and diplomatic efforts during the Cold War. While the impact of some of these developments may be seen as broadly beneficial to Europe, much of it was to the critical detriment of the prevailing political orders in Russia.]]>enHistoryCopyright Audiobookshttps://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/241dc9f511588972120968ab0a1316d9.jpghttps://www.spreaker.com/show/finland-and-the-tsars-1809-1899-by-josepTue, 01 Sep 2026 09:04:33 +0000Joseph R. FisherAudiobooksadfreebooks@gmail.comFisher’s treatment of the history of Finland, in the context of its relations with Russia, was released in 1899—at the start of the first attempted wave of Russification. At this time, it seems, many Finns regarded it as a misunderstanding. A mistake....
Fisher’s treatment of the history of Finland, in the context of its relations with Russia, was released in 1899—at the start of the first attempted wave of Russification. At this time, it seems, many Finns regarded it as a misunderstanding. A mistake. Not a contrivance of Nicholas II, but a villainy emanating instead, fen-sucked, from the sinister Russian state machinery—the fief of a myopic and obdurate cadre of supremacists and absolutists. Men like the rabid anti-semite Konstantin Pobedonostsev who, by the camera's harsh testimony, seems to have died long before he stopped coming in to work, and like Ivan Goremykin who in an ironic twist of fate would not so very much later – after 1906 – have to stretch his mind to try to contend with the obscenity of constitutional monarchy at home. Men who all nursed a bitter grudge at the perceived slight to their omnipotence called Finland. The long-standing arrangements and understandings between Finland and the Tsars had up to this time, for the better part of a century, served both parties very well. And would undoubtedly have stood Russia in good stead into the twentieth century. Every Tsar reaffirmed a solemn pledge to maintain the Fundamental Laws underpinning the constitutional order, to uphold Alexander I's promise to respect "their religion, their laws, their liberties and their rights." Every Tsar honored it—until Nicholas II. In return, Finland turned its back on Sweden to stand at Russia's side bringing with it a domain which was loyal, orderly and industrious and soon enough became highly educated and prosperous too. Regardless of the shocks and reversals the Empire encountered, the Grand Duchy was unwavering so far as imperial internal security went, producing never "...a conspirator or an agitator against Russia. It provided instead generals for her armies and admirals for her fleet." Subversion and coercion efforts against the Finnish state would be abruptly halted in the immediate aftermath of the bitter defeat meted out by Japan in 1905; Saint Petersburg had unrest aplenty across its vast and ethnically diverse extent without manufacturing more. These efforts would resume. Finland would be driven to, at the first opportunity, declare independence in 1917. The events of the twentieth century would be profoundly influenced by the collapse of Russo-Finnish cooperation, by the Winter War and by Finland’s politics and diplomatic efforts during the Cold War. While the impact of some of these developments may be seen as broadly beneficial to Europe, much of it was to the critical detriment of the prevailing political orders in Russia.]]>false8db22e10-5d88-5a22-b29b-97d188e074c1episodichttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/six-months-in-mexico-nellie-bly--73610549https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73610549Tue, 01 Sep 2026 09:00:27 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Six Months In Mexico" by Nellie Bly invites listeners to embark on an adventurous journey through the vibrant landscapes and rich cultures of Mexico, as chronicled by one of the pioneering female journalists of her time. Bly's insightful observations...29603falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/beacon-lights-of-history-vol-8-great-rulers-john-lord--73612980https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73612980Mon, 31 Aug 2026 09:00:19 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Beacon Lights of History, Vol 8 Great Rulers" by John Lord delves into the lives and legacies of some of history's most influential rulers, offering insights into their governance and the impact they had on their nations and the world. This volume...29491falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/gold-sickle-eugene-sue--73615454https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73615454Sun, 30 Aug 2026 09:00:19 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Gold Sickle" by Eugène Sue invites listeners into a captivating narrative that explores themes of wealth, power, and morality. This enduring tale delves into the complexities of human nature and the societal structures that shape our lives, making...9515falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/reign-of-george-vi-1900-1925-a-forecast-written-in-the-year-1763-samuel-madden-charles-william-chadwick-oman--73617876https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73617876Sat, 29 Aug 2026 09:00:24 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Reign of George VI, 1900-1925 A Forecast Written in the Year 1763" by Samuel Madden and Charles William Chadwick Oman delves into the historical context and implications of the reign of George VI, providing insights that were anticipated long before...12678falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/romance-of-polar-exploration-g-firth-scott--73620548https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73620548Fri, 28 Aug 2026 09:00:20 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Romance of Polar Exploration" by G. Firth Scott invites listeners into the captivating world of polar adventures, where the spirit of exploration and the allure of the unknown intertwine. This audiobook delves into the enduring themes of courage,...31032falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/second-chance-nellie-mcclung--73623154https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73623154Thu, 27 Aug 2026 09:00:26 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Second Chance-Nellie McClung" delves into the life and legacy of Nellie McClung, a prominent figure in Canadian history known for her advocacy for women's rights and social reform. This audiobook invites listeners to explore themes of resilience,...32006falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/tea-drinking-in-18th-century-america-its-etiquette-and-equipage-rodris-roth--73626235https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73626235Wed, 26 Aug 2026 09:00:24 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Tea Drinking in 18th-Century America: Its Etiquette and Equipage" by Rodris Roth explores the intricate customs and essential items associated with tea consumption during a pivotal era in American history. This audiobook delves into the social...4277falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/maid-of-maiden-lane-dramatic-reading-amelia-e-barr--73629211https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73629211Tue, 25 Aug 2026 20:34:02 +0000Joseph R. FisherMaid of Maiden Lane, a dramatic reading by Amelia E. Barr, invites listeners into a world rich with emotional depth and character exploration. This timeless tale captures the essence of human resilience and the complexities of life, making it a...29726falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/abroad-with-mark-twain-and-eugene-field-tales-they-told-to-a-fellow-correspondent-henry-william-fischer--73369900https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73369900Mon, 24 Aug 2026 09:00:23 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Abroad with Mark Twain and Eugene Field" by Tales They Told to a Fellow Correspondent-Henry William Fischer invites listeners to explore the journeys and experiences of two iconic literary figures as they traverse foreign lands. This engaging...22626falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/what-men-live-by-and-other-tales-version-2-leo-tolstoy--73367374https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73367374Sun, 23 Aug 2026 09:00:25 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"What Men Live By and Other Tales" by Leo Tolstoy presents a collection of profound narratives that explore the essence of humanity and the moral truths that bind us all. Through simple yet powerful storytelling, Tolstoy delves into themes of love,...7091falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/sagas-of-vaster-britain-william-wilfred-campbell--73364902https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73364902Sat, 22 Aug 2026 09:00:24 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Sagas of Vaster Britain" by William Wilfred Campbell invites listeners into a rich tapestry of narratives that explore the vast and intricate history of Britain. This work resonates with themes of identity, heritage, and the enduring nature of...14070falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/finland-and-the-tsars-1809-1899-joseph-r-fisher--74477754https://api.spreaker.com/episode/74477754Sat, 22 Aug 2026 04:00:07 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Finland and the Tsars 1809-1899" by Joseph R. Fisher explores the intricate and often tumultuous relationship between Finland and Russia during a pivotal century, culminating in the rise of Russification under Nicholas II. Fisher reveals how Finland,...30457falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/watch-and-wait-the-young-fugitives-oliver-optic--73362710https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73362710Fri, 21 Aug 2026 09:00:28 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Watch and Wait; The Young Fugitives" by Oliver Optic invites listeners into a thrilling adventure that explores themes of resilience and courage. The story centers around young fugitives who must navigate challenges and uncertainties while relying on...19574falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/marie-antoinette-romances-vol-4-taking-the-bastile-alexandre-dumas--73360436https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73360436Thu, 20 Aug 2026 09:00:32 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Marie Antoinette Romances, Vol 4 Taking the Bastile" by Alexandre Dumas delves into the tumultuous events surrounding the French Revolution, focusing on the iconic figure of Marie Antoinette as she navigates the chaos of her time. This volume...30604falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/native-races-and-the-war-josephine-butler--73358480https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73358480Wed, 19 Aug 2026 09:00:28 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Native Races and the War" by Josephine Butler delves into the profound implications of conflict on indigenous populations, exploring the intersection of race and war. Butler's insights into the struggles faced by native races during wartime highlight...22044falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/history-of-england-from-the-accession-of-james-ii-volume-4-chapter-18-thomas-babington-macaulay--73356320https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73356320Tue, 18 Aug 2026 09:00:37 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"History of England, from the Accession of James II" by Thomas Babington Macaulay provides a detailed examination of England's political and social landscape during a pivotal time in its history. This volume, particularly Chapter 18, captures the...15605falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/of-the-laws-of-ecclesiastical-polity-book-3-richard-hooker--73354036https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73354036Mon, 17 Aug 2026 09:00:38 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Of the Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity, Book 3" by Richard Hooker delves into the principles governing church governance and the relationship between ecclesiastical authority and civil power. This work is a foundational text in Anglican thought,...9730falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/celestial-omnibus-and-other-stories-e-m-forster--73351413https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73351413Sun, 16 Aug 2026 09:00:35 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Celestial Omnibus, and Other Stories" by E. M. Forster is a collection that showcases the author's unique storytelling prowess, exploring themes of imagination, reality, and the human experience. Forster's ability to weave intricate narratives...16077falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/virgin-soil-volume-1-ivan-turgenev--73349255https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73349255Sat, 15 Aug 2026 09:00:45 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Virgin Soil Volume 1" by Ivan Turgenev explores the complexities of Russian society and the fervent aspirations of a generation caught between tradition and change. This poignant narrative delves into the lives of idealistic youth as they grapple...18268falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/astrophel-and-stella-sir-philip-sidney--73347381https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73347381Fri, 14 Aug 2026 09:00:43 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Astrophel and Stella" by Sir Philip Sidney is a seminal work of English poetry that explores the themes of love, desire, and the complexities of human emotion. This collection of sonnets delves into the passionate and often tumultuous relationship...6054falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/henry-vi-part-3-william-shakespeare--73345257https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73345257Thu, 13 Aug 2026 09:00:40 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Henry VI, Part 3" by William Shakespeare delves into the tumultuous power struggles and civil unrest during the Wars of the Roses, showcasing the fierce battles for the English throne. This gripping play explores themes of ambition, loyalty, and the...10774falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/notes-on-democracy-h-l-mencken--73343179https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73343179Wed, 12 Aug 2026 09:00:35 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Notes On Democracy" by H. L. Mencken offers a critical examination of democratic principles and practices, presenting a candid and often provocative perspective on governance. Mencken's sharp wit and incisive commentary challenge the idealistic...18011falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/democracy-of-the-constitution-and-other-addresses-and-essays-henry-cabot-lodge--73341233https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73341233Tue, 11 Aug 2026 09:00:43 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Democracy of the Constitution, and other Addresses and Essays" by Henry Cabot Lodge offers a profound exploration of the principles underpinning democratic governance and the vital role of the Constitution in shaping American society. Through a...29176falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/woman-and-war-olive-schreiner--73339234https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73339234Mon, 10 Aug 2026 09:00:41 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Woman and War-Olive Schreiner" delves into the complex interplay between gender and conflict, exploring how war shapes women's experiences and identities. Schreiner's poignant reflections resonate deeply in today's world, where discussions about...3113falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/art-of-the-moving-picture-vachel-lindsay--73337047https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73337047Sun, 09 Aug 2026 09:00:48 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Art of the Moving Picture" by Vachel Lindsay explores the transformative power of cinema as an art form, delving into its potential to shape culture and inspire audiences. Lindsay's insights into the emotional and spiritual dimensions of film...25623falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/history-of-london-walter-besant--73330293https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73330293Sat, 08 Aug 2026 09:00:46 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"History of London" by Walter Besant offers a comprehensive exploration of the rich tapestry that is London's past. This audiobook delves into the city's evolution, capturing its vibrant culture, pivotal events, and the indomitable spirit of its...30934falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/address-to-free-colored-americans-an-anti-slavery-convention-of-american-women--73328586https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73328586Fri, 07 Aug 2026 09:00:54 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Address to Free Colored Americans-An Anti" by the Slavery Convention of American Women is a powerful and poignant call to action aimed at advocating for the rights and dignity of free colored Americans. This historic address highlights the struggles...5459falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/our-southern-highlanders-version-2-horace-kephart--73326932https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73326932Thu, 06 Aug 2026 09:00:34 +0000Joseph R. FisherOur Southern Highlanders (Version 2) by Horace Kephart offers an intimate glimpse into the lives and culture of the Southern Appalachian people, showcasing their resilience and deep connection to the land. This work captures the essence of a region...31320falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/five-stages-of-greek-religion-gilbert-murray--73325246https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73325246Wed, 05 Aug 2026 09:00:39 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Five Stages of Greek Religion" by Gilbert Murray explores the evolution of religious beliefs in ancient Greece, tracing the development from primitive animism to the more structured pantheon of gods. This insightful examination reveals how these...24035falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/american-democrat-or-hints-on-the-social-and-civic-relations-of-the-united-states-of-america-james-fenimore-cooper--73323360https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73323360Tue, 04 Aug 2026 09:00:40 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"American Democrat; Or, Hints on the Social and Civic Relations of the United States of America" by James Fenimore Cooper delves into the intricate social and civic dynamics of American society. This insightful work explores the responsibilities and...25503falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/road-hilaire-belloc--73321637https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73321637Mon, 03 Aug 2026 09:00:35 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Road" by Hilaire Belloc is a contemplative exploration of the journey through life, offering insights on the human experience and the paths we choose. This enduring work resonates with themes of adventure, reflection, and the quest for meaning,...15774falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/my-southern-home-or-the-south-and-its-people-william-wells-brown--73319778https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73319778Sun, 02 Aug 2026 09:00:39 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"My Southern Home or, The South and Its People" by William Wells Brown offers a compelling exploration of the South and its inhabitants through the eyes of a prominent African American writer and abolitionist. This work reflects on the complexities of...26276falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/modern-woman-s-rights-movement-kathe-schirmacher--73317833https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73317833Sat, 01 Aug 2026 15:31:18 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Modern Woman's Rights Movement" by Käthe Schirmacher delves into the pivotal developments in women's rights, highlighting the struggles and achievements that have shaped the modern landscape of gender equality. This insightful work captures the...26909falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/all-quiet-on-the-western-front-erich-maria-remarque--73275452https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73275452Fri, 31 Jul 2026 09:00:37 +0000Joseph R. FisherAll Quiet on the Western Front is a poignant anti-war novel by Erich Maria Remarque that explores the harrowing experiences of Paul Bäumer and his classmates as they enlist in the Imperial German Army during World War I. The story delves into the...23444falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/destination-of-man-johann-gottlieb-fichte--73254271https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73254271Thu, 30 Jul 2026 09:00:21 +0000Joseph R. FisherJohann Gottlieb Fichte's "The Destination of Man" invites readers on a profound journey from doubt to knowledge and ultimately to faith, challenging them to transcend the sensuous world in search of higher truths. Published in 1799, Fichte's work...18207falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/richard-iii-makers-of-history-series-jacob-abbott--73230453https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73230453Wed, 29 Jul 2026 09:00:23 +0000Joseph R. FisherJacob Abbott chronicles the treacherous ascent of Richard III to the English throne during the tumultuous conflict between the Yorks and the Lancasters, leading to his dramatic downfall on the Field of Bosworth. This gripping tale of ambition,...17972falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/astounding-stories-13-january-1931-charles-willard-diffin-murray-leinster-h-thompson-rich-hal-k-wells-sewell-peaslee-wright--73210219https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73210219Tue, 28 Jul 2026 09:00:36 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Astounding Stories 13 January 1931" presents a collection of thrilling tales from renowned authors of the early science fiction genre. Featuring stories like "The Dark Side of Antri" by Sewell Peaslee Wright and "The Fifth-Dimension Catapult" by...28343falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/essays-on-some-unsettled-questions-of-political-economy-john-stuart-mill--73190447https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73190447Mon, 27 Jul 2026 09:37:33 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Essays on Some Unsettled Questions of Political Economy" marks John Stuart Mill's inaugural exploration into economic theory, laying the groundwork for his later, more comprehensive work, "Political Economy." This collection delves into the evolution...19747falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/cat-its-natural-history-varieties-and-management-philip-m-rule--73175611https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73175611Sun, 26 Jul 2026 10:14:27 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Cat: Its Natural History, Varieties and Management" by Philip M. Rule delves into the intriguing origins of the domestic cat, exploring its ancient reverence in Egyptian culture and its complex lineage. The book highlights how domestic cats, while...9968falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/edison-s-conquest-of-mars-garrett-p-serviss--73049285https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73049285Thu, 23 Jul 2026 09:00:23 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Edison's Conquest of Mars," by Garrett P. Serviss, is a fascinating glimpse into early science fiction, emerging from the vibrant literary culture of the nineteenth century. Published in 1898 as an unauthorized sequel to H. G. Wells's "The War of the...25468falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/clara-vaughan-vol-i-richard-doddridge-blackmore--73049282https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73049282Wed, 22 Jul 2026 09:00:20 +0000Joseph R. FisherClara Vaughan, the determined young heroine and narrator of R. D. Blackmore’s early detective novel, embarks on a quest to uncover the truth behind her father's murder, a tragedy that has haunted her since childhood. As she navigates a world filled...21006falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/blackfeet-tales-of-glacier-national-park-james-w-schultz--73049268https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73049268Tue, 21 Jul 2026 09:00:32 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Blackfeet Tales of Glacier National Park" by James W. Schultz invites listeners into the rich tapestry of Blackfoot life through the eyes of a noted explorer and historian. Schultz, also known as Apikuni, shares his profound experiences and stories...17300falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/quest-of-the-golden-girl-richard-le-gallienne--73049264https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73049264Mon, 20 Jul 2026 09:00:21 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Quest of the Golden Girl" by Richard le Gallienne follows a main character who embarks on a long pilgrimage in search of the perfect companion, the girl intended for him by a higher power. Throughout his journey, he encounters a variety of people and...23220falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/among-the-meadow-people-clara-dillingham-pierson--73049262https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73049262Sun, 19 Jul 2026 09:00:19 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Among the Meadow People" by Clara Dillingham Pierson is a delightful exploration of the animal inhabitants of meadows and gardens, crafted for young listeners by a passionate teacher and naturalist. Through charming prose, Pierson invites us into the...9627falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/finland-and-the-tsars-1809-1899-joseph-r-fisher--73049261https://api.spreaker.com/episode/73049261Sat, 18 Jul 2026 23:46:21 +0000Joseph R. Fisher"Finland and the Tsars 1809-1899" by Joseph R. Fisher delves into the intricate history of Finland's relationship with Russia during a pivotal era marked by the onset of Russification under Nicholas II. Fisher illustrates how, for nearly a century,...30457falsefullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-16-the-next-step--57435513https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435513Sun, 29 Oct 2023 21:55:22 +0000Joseph R. Fisher3180false19fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-15-the-constitutional-argument--57435510https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435510Sun, 29 Oct 2023 21:55:22 +0000Joseph R. Fisher1678false18fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-14b-the-reply-to-the-tsar-part-2--57435518https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435518Tue, 17 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. Fisher2002false17fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-14a-the-reply-to-the-tsar-part-1--57435509https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435509Mon, 16 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. Fisher1600false16fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-13-the-military-question--57435511https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435511Sun, 15 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. Fisher1617false15fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-12b-the-february-manifesto-part-2--57435519https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435519Sat, 14 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. Fisher2010false14fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-12a-the-february-manifesto-part-1--57435506https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435506Fri, 13 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. Fisher1576false13fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-11b-constitutional-machinery-part-2--57435495https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435495Thu, 12 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. Fisher1689false12fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-11a-constitutional-machinery-part-1--57435512https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435512Wed, 11 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. Fisher1409false11fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-10-the-attack-on-the-constitution--57435515https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435515Tue, 10 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. Fisher647false10fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-09-alexander-iii-and-the-reaction--57435507https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435507Mon, 09 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. Fisher920false9fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-08-alexander-ii-the-diet-revived--57435517https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435517Sun, 08 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. Fisher2120false8fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-07-nicholas-i--57435508https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435508Sat, 07 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. Fisher755false7fullhttps://www.spreaker.com/episode/chapter-06-the-new-order-in-finland--57435503https://api.spreaker.com/episode/57435503Fri, 06 Oct 2023 21:55:00 +0000Joseph R. 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