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<rss xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:podcast="https://podcastindex.org/namespace/1.0" xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" version="2.0"><channel><title>The Psychosphere</title><link>https://www.melaniechallenger.com/broadcast/#etp</link><description><![CDATA[What is it like to be an octopus or an elephant? What kinds of minds and perceptions do they have and how can we understand these other worlds? Why do living beings behave so differently to the material world that surrounds them? And how did all this remarkable, intelligent life emerge in the first place? If you are interested in these questions, join writer and broadcaster, Melanie Challenger, in conversation with some of the world's foremost scientists and philosophers as they enter The Psychosphere...The world won't look the same again.]]></description><atom:link href="https://www.spreaker.com/show/5842291/episodes/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><language>en</language><category>Nature</category><copyright>Copyright Melanie Challenger</copyright><image><url>https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg</url><title>The Psychosphere</title><link>https://www.melaniechallenger.com/broadcast/#etp</link></image><lastBuildDate>Sun, 24 Nov 2024 12:10:21 +0000</lastBuildDate><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:owner><itunes:name>Melanie Challenger</itunes:name><itunes:email>feeds@spreaker.com</itunes:email></itunes:owner><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:subtitle>What is it like to be an octopus or an elephant? What kinds of minds and perceptions do they have and how can we understand these other worlds? Why do living beings behave so differently to the material world that surrounds them? And how did all this...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[What is it like to be an octopus or an elephant? What kinds of minds and perceptions do they have and how can we understand these other worlds? Why do living beings behave so differently to the material world that surrounds them? And how did all this remarkable, intelligent life emerge in the first place? If you are interested in these questions, join writer and broadcaster, Melanie Challenger, in conversation with some of the world's foremost scientists and philosophers as they enter The Psychosphere...The world won't look the same again.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:category text="Science"><itunes:category text="Nature"/></itunes:category><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:type>serial</itunes:type><item><title>Origins of Purpose</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/origins-of-purpose--53613645</link><description><![CDATA[Join Melanie in conversation with neurobiologist, Kevin Mitchell, as they discuss how animals came to behave in intelligent, purposeful ways, and why this matters. Kevin is Associate Professor of <a href="https://www.tcd.ie/Genetics/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Genetics</a> and <a href="https://www.tcd.ie/Neuroscience/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Neuroscience</a> at <a href="https://www.tcd.ie/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Trinity College Dublin</a>. He blogs at <a href="http://www.wiringthebrain.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Wiring the Brain</a> and Tweets at: <a href="https://twitter.com/WiringTheBrain?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">@WiringtheBrain</a>.<br />Books include <a href="https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691173887/innate" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">INNATE – How the Wiring of Our Brains Shapes Who We Are</a> (2018) and <a href="https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691226231/free-agents" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Free Agents: How Evolution Gave us Free Will</a> (2023).]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/53613645</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Apr 2023 11:49:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/53613645/origins_of_purpose_mixdown_1.mp3" length="72591303" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://www.melaniechallenger.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Origins-of-Purpose.docx" type="text/plain" language="en"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Join Melanie in conversation with neurobiologist, Kevin Mitchell, as they discuss how animals came to behave in intelligent, purposeful ways, and why this matters. Kevin is Associate Professor of https://www.tcd.ie/Genetics/ and...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Join Melanie in conversation with neurobiologist, Kevin Mitchell, as they discuss how animals came to behave in intelligent, purposeful ways, and why this matters. Kevin is Associate Professor of <a href="https://www.tcd.ie/Genetics/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Genetics</a> and <a href="https://www.tcd.ie/Neuroscience/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Neuroscience</a> at <a href="https://www.tcd.ie/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Trinity College Dublin</a>. He blogs at <a href="http://www.wiringthebrain.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Wiring the Brain</a> and Tweets at: <a href="https://twitter.com/WiringTheBrain?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">@WiringtheBrain</a>.<br />Books include <a href="https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691173887/innate" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">INNATE – How the Wiring of Our Brains Shapes Who We Are</a> (2018) and <a href="https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691226231/free-agents" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Free Agents: How Evolution Gave us Free Will</a> (2023).]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3029</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>consciousness,ethics,freewill,intelligence,minds,nature,neuroscience,philosophy,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Green intelligencies</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/green-intelligencies--53613679</link><description><![CDATA[This week, Melanie is joined by plant scientist Paco Calvo to discuss the intelligence of the greenery that surrounds us. Are plants intelligent and how can we understand or study this? Paco is the head of the<a href="https://www.um.es/web/minimal-intelligence-lab/contenido/the-team/paco-calvo" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> MINT (Minimal Intelligence) lab</a> and a leading figure in the philosophy of plant behavior and signalling (plant neurobiology). He is also a philosopher concerned with issues at the intersection of plant biology and cognitive science. He is the author of the book <a href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/Planta-Sapiens-Unmasking-Plant-Intelligence/dp/0349128456" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Planta Sapiens: Unmasking Plant Intelligence</a> (2022).]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/53613679</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Apr 2023 11:49:29 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/53613679/green_inteligencies_mixdown.mp3" length="75807780" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://www.melaniechallenger.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Green-inteligences.docx" type="text/plain" language="en"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>This week, Melanie is joined by plant scientist Paco Calvo to discuss the intelligence of the greenery that surrounds us. Are plants intelligent and how can we understand or study this? Paco is the head of...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[This week, Melanie is joined by plant scientist Paco Calvo to discuss the intelligence of the greenery that surrounds us. Are plants intelligent and how can we understand or study this? Paco is the head of the<a href="https://www.um.es/web/minimal-intelligence-lab/contenido/the-team/paco-calvo" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> MINT (Minimal Intelligence) lab</a> and a leading figure in the philosophy of plant behavior and signalling (plant neurobiology). He is also a philosopher concerned with issues at the intersection of plant biology and cognitive science. He is the author of the book <a href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/Planta-Sapiens-Unmasking-Plant-Intelligence/dp/0349128456" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Planta Sapiens: Unmasking Plant Intelligence</a> (2022).]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3163</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>consciousness,intelligence,minds,nature,philosophy,plants,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Cognition all the way down</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/cognition-all-the-way-down--53613714</link><description><![CDATA[Together with world-renowned philosopher, Daniel Dennett, and biologist, Michael Levin, Melanie discusses the idea that the intelligence and agency of a living being may be better understood as distributed or present throughout the body of an organism. You can find out more about their work at <a href="https://allencenter.tufts.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Tufts University</a>, and read about their ideas on Cognition All the Way Down <a href="https://aeon.co/essays/how-to-understand-cells-tissues-and-organisms-as-agents-with-agendas" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a>.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/53613714</guid><pubDate>Sat, 22 Apr 2023 11:49:34 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/53613714/cognitian_all_the_way_down_mixdown.mp3" length="59246609" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://www.melaniechallenger.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Green-inteligences.docx" type="text/plain" language="en"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Together with world-renowned philosopher, Daniel Dennett, and biologist, Michael Levin, Melanie discusses the idea that the intelligence and agency of a living being may be better understood as distributed or present throughout the body of an...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Together with world-renowned philosopher, Daniel Dennett, and biologist, Michael Levin, Melanie discusses the idea that the intelligence and agency of a living being may be better understood as distributed or present throughout the body of an organism. You can find out more about their work at <a href="https://allencenter.tufts.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Tufts University</a>, and read about their ideas on Cognition All the Way Down <a href="https://aeon.co/essays/how-to-understand-cells-tissues-and-organisms-as-agents-with-agendas" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a>.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2472</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Mind Molding</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/mind-molding--53684558</link><description><![CDATA[How smart is a slime mould? In this episode, Melanie is joined by Nirosha Murugan to discuss the weird and wonderful lives of slime moulds. Nirosha is Assistant Professor in the Health Sciences department at Wilfrid Laurier University in Canada, where she studies tissue biophysics and cancer biology. In her prior work, she studied regenerative biology and comparative cognition, with a focus on slime moulds, an almost unclassifiable set of single cell organisms, famed for their seemingly paradoxical abilities to be intelligent in the absence of a brain... You can learn more about Nirosha <a href="https://www.wlu.ca/academics/faculties/faculty-of-science/faculty-profiles/nirosha-murugan/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a>.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/53684558</guid><pubDate>Sat, 29 Apr 2023 06:45:54 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/53684558/mind_molding_mixdown.mp3" length="48534011" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://www.melaniechallenger.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Mind-molding.docx" type="text/plain" language="en"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>How smart is a slime mould? In this episode, Melanie is joined by Nirosha Murugan to discuss the weird and wonderful lives of slime moulds. Nirosha is Assistant Professor in the Health Sciences department at Wilfrid Laurier University in Canada, where...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[How smart is a slime mould? In this episode, Melanie is joined by Nirosha Murugan to discuss the weird and wonderful lives of slime moulds. Nirosha is Assistant Professor in the Health Sciences department at Wilfrid Laurier University in Canada, where she studies tissue biophysics and cancer biology. In her prior work, she studied regenerative biology and comparative cognition, with a focus on slime moulds, an almost unclassifiable set of single cell organisms, famed for their seemingly paradoxical abilities to be intelligent in the absence of a brain... You can learn more about Nirosha <a href="https://www.wlu.ca/academics/faculties/faculty-of-science/faculty-profiles/nirosha-murugan/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a>.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2025</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>animals,cognition,consciousness,environment,intelligence,nature,psychology,science,wildlife</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Out of the Blue</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/out-of-the-blue--53764927</link><description><![CDATA[A discussion on the intelligence of octopuses and cuttlefish, and on the origins of consciousness, with celebrated writer and philosopher, Peter Godfrey-Smith. Peter is Professor in the School of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Sydney. He is the author, among others, of <a href="https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374537197/otherminds" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Other Minds</a> and <a href="https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374207946/metazoa" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Metazoa</a>. You can read more about his work here: https://petergodfreysmith.com/]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/53764927</guid><pubDate>Sun, 07 May 2023 13:53:24 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/53764927/out_of_the_blue.mp3" length="44309121" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>A discussion on the intelligence of octopuses and cuttlefish, and on the origins of consciousness, with celebrated writer and philosopher, Peter Godfrey-Smith. Peter is Professor in the School of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[A discussion on the intelligence of octopuses and cuttlefish, and on the origins of consciousness, with celebrated writer and philosopher, Peter Godfrey-Smith. Peter is Professor in the School of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Sydney. He is the author, among others, of <a href="https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374537197/otherminds" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Other Minds</a> and <a href="https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374207946/metazoa" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Metazoa</a>. You can read more about his work here: https://petergodfreysmith.com/]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1849</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>cephalopods,consciousness,history,nature,octopuses,philosophy,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Pigs might fly</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/pigs-might-fly--53765018</link><description><![CDATA[In this episode, Melanie discusses animal minds and animal ethics with Professor Francoise Wemelsfelder. Francoise is Professor of Animal Behaviour and Welfare at Scotland's Rural College. She pioneered a methodology for the study of animal expressivity (body language) and subjective experience, generally referred to as ‘Qualitative Behaviour Assessment’ (QBA). Her research focuses on the application of this method as a practical tool for welfare assessment and management in farm, zoo, and companion animals. Research interests associated with this work are animal boredom and environmental enrichment.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/53765018</guid><pubDate>Sun, 07 May 2023 13:57:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/53765018/pigs_might_fly.mp3" length="74721139" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this episode, Melanie discusses animal minds and animal ethics with Professor Francoise Wemelsfelder. Francoise is Professor of Animal Behaviour and Welfare at Scotland's Rural College. She pioneered a methodology for the study of animal...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this episode, Melanie discusses animal minds and animal ethics with Professor Francoise Wemelsfelder. Francoise is Professor of Animal Behaviour and Welfare at Scotland's Rural College. She pioneered a methodology for the study of animal expressivity (body language) and subjective experience, generally referred to as ‘Qualitative Behaviour Assessment’ (QBA). Her research focuses on the application of this method as a practical tool for welfare assessment and management in farm, zoo, and companion animals. Research interests associated with this work are animal boredom and environmental enrichment.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3118</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>animalrights,animals,animalwelfare,cognition,ethics,history,minds,nature,philosophy,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Group think</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/group-think--53929355</link><description><![CDATA[Melanie discusses group psychology and the psychological bases of racism with psychologist Steven Roberts. Roberts is Associate Professor of Psychology at Stanford University. You can find out more about his work here: https://profiles.stanford.edu/177091]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/53929355</guid><pubDate>Fri, 19 May 2023 13:09:51 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/53929355/group_think_mixdown.mp3" length="62756457" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Melanie discusses group psychology and the psychological bases of racism with psychologist Steven Roberts. Roberts is Associate Professor of Psychology at Stanford University. You can find out more about his work here: https://profiles.stanford.edu/177091</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Melanie discusses group psychology and the psychological bases of racism with psychologist Steven Roberts. Roberts is Associate Professor of Psychology at Stanford University. You can find out more about his work here: https://profiles.stanford.edu/177091]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2619</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>nature,psychology,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>7</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Neanderthal neurons</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/neanderthal-neurons--53929492</link><description><![CDATA[Bestselling author and self-confessed flint-knapping nerd, Rebecca Wragg-Sykes discusses her research on neanderthals with Melanie. Why were our fellow humans dismissed as a brute, dumb creature for so long, and what can recent research tell us about the minds of this lost but separate species of human? Rebecca is the author of Kindred: Neanderthal life, love, death and art, and her work can be found at: https://www.rebeccawraggsykes.com/]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/53929492</guid><pubDate>Fri, 19 May 2023 14:36:12 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/53929492/neanderthal_neurons_mixdown.mp3" length="74749423" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Bestselling author and self-confessed flint-knapping nerd, Rebecca Wragg-Sykes discusses her research on neanderthals with Melanie. Why were our fellow humans dismissed as a brute, dumb creature for so long, and what can recent research tell us about...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Bestselling author and self-confessed flint-knapping nerd, Rebecca Wragg-Sykes discusses her research on neanderthals with Melanie. Why were our fellow humans dismissed as a brute, dumb creature for so long, and what can recent research tell us about the minds of this lost but separate species of human? Rebecca is the author of Kindred: Neanderthal life, love, death and art, and her work can be found at: https://www.rebeccawraggsykes.com/]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3119</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>archaeology,history,minds,nature,neanderthals,philosophy,psychology,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>8</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Self in mind</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/self-in-mind--54063049</link><description><![CDATA[Renowned neuroscientist Anil Seth discusses his work on selfhood and the emergence of consciousness. Melanie and Anil consider whether consciousness is solely a human phenomenon or whether new science suggests that consciousness is widespread among animals.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54063049</guid><pubDate>Thu, 01 Jun 2023 08:46:21 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54063049/self_in_mind_mixdown.mp3" length="79097521" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Renowned neuroscientist Anil Seth discusses his work on selfhood and the emergence of consciousness. Melanie and Anil consider whether consciousness is solely a human phenomenon or whether new science suggests that consciousness is widespread among...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Renowned neuroscientist Anil Seth discusses his work on selfhood and the emergence of consciousness. Melanie and Anil consider whether consciousness is solely a human phenomenon or whether new science suggests that consciousness is widespread among animals.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3301</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>cognition,consciousness,mind,nature,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>9</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Animal personhood</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/animal-personhood--54063211</link><description><![CDATA[Melanie discusses the idea of personhood in non-human animals with science writer Brandon Keim. How can we recognize personhood in other species, and what does this mean for their moral considerability?]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54063211</guid><pubDate>Thu, 01 Jun 2023 09:12:05 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54063211/animal_personhood_mixdown_1.mp3" length="59710979" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Melanie discusses the idea of personhood in non-human animals with science writer Brandon Keim. How can we recognize personhood in other species, and what does this mean for their moral considerability?</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Melanie discusses the idea of personhood in non-human animals with science writer Brandon Keim. How can we recognize personhood in other species, and what does this mean for their moral considerability?]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2492</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>animals,cognition,ethics,nature,neuroscience,philosophy</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>10</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Out of this world</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/out-of-this-world--54332730</link><description><![CDATA[Avi Loeb discusses the possibilities of alien intelligences with Melanie. Have other intelligences already contacted us and would we know how to read the signals if they had? Why is alien intelligence associated with crank science, and what are the rational routes through to considering the possibilities of off-Earth minds?]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54332730</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 09:34:55 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54332730/out_of_this_world_mixdown.mp3" length="59751899" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Avi Loeb discusses the possibilities of alien intelligences with Melanie. Have other intelligences already contacted us and would we know how to read the signals if they had? Why is alien intelligence associated with crank science, and what are the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Avi Loeb discusses the possibilities of alien intelligences with Melanie. Have other intelligences already contacted us and would we know how to read the signals if they had? Why is alien intelligence associated with crank science, and what are the rational routes through to considering the possibilities of off-Earth minds?]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2493</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>aliens,astrophysics,consciousness,intelligence,minds,nature,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>11</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>A whale of a mind</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/a-whale-of-a-mind--54333744</link><description><![CDATA[Neuroscientist and animal advocate Lori Marino discusses the intelligence of cetaceans with Melanie, and the consequences of captivity on these extraordinary minds. Why are whales and dolphins some of the smartest animals around, and how could we reimagine a world for their wellbeing?]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54333744</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 09:51:08 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54333744/a_whale_of_a_mind_mixdown.mp3" length="52982627" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Neuroscientist and animal advocate Lori Marino discusses the intelligence of cetaceans with Melanie, and the consequences of captivity on these extraordinary minds. Why are whales and dolphins some of the smartest animals around, and how could we...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Neuroscientist and animal advocate Lori Marino discusses the intelligence of cetaceans with Melanie, and the consequences of captivity on these extraordinary minds. Why are whales and dolphins some of the smartest animals around, and how could we reimagine a world for their wellbeing?]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2211</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>animals,consciousness,ethics,intelligence,nature,neuroscience,philosophy,psychology</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>12</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Fabled minds</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/fabled-minds--54337008</link><description><![CDATA[Science writer Jo Wimpenny takes us into the world of animal fables, discussing with Melanie what these old, mythical intuitions have to tell us about animal minds.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54337008</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 10:58:54 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54337008/fabled_minds_mixdown.mp3" length="55011622" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Science writer Jo Wimpenny takes us into the world of animal fables, discussing with Melanie what these old, mythical intuitions have to tell us about animal minds.</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Science writer Jo Wimpenny takes us into the world of animal fables, discussing with Melanie what these old, mythical intuitions have to tell us about animal minds.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2295</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>animals,art,history,intelligence,nature,neuroscience,psychology,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>13</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Something fishy</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/something-fishy--54337013</link><description><![CDATA[Calum Brown is a pioneer researcher on fish cognition. He brings Melanie up to speed on the latest research on the diverse intelligences of fishes, the prejudices that still hold us back from acknowledging the mental attributes of sea creatures, and what this might mean morally.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54337013</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 11:01:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54337013/something_fishy_mixdown.mp3" length="53219543" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Calum Brown is a pioneer researcher on fish cognition. He brings Melanie up to speed on the latest research on the diverse intelligences of fishes, the prejudices that still hold us back from acknowledging the mental attributes of sea creatures, and...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Calum Brown is a pioneer researcher on fish cognition. He brings Melanie up to speed on the latest research on the diverse intelligences of fishes, the prejudices that still hold us back from acknowledging the mental attributes of sea creatures, and what this might mean morally.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2221</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>animals,cognition,ethics,fish,nature,neuroscience,philosophy,science,welfare</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>14</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Creaturely connections</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/creaturely-connections--54337011</link><description><![CDATA[Best-selling science writer Sy Montgomery discusses the idea of the psychosphere with Melanie. Sy has written about the minds and intelligence of a diverse range of animals from octopuses to goshawks. Do we need new paradigms for our understanding of the intelligence in nature and how it matters?]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54337011</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 11:02:59 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54337011/creaturely_connections_mixdown.mp3" length="44675345" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Best-selling science writer Sy Montgomery discusses the idea of the psychosphere with Melanie. Sy has written about the minds and intelligence of a diverse range of animals from octopuses to goshawks. Do we need new paradigms for our understanding of...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Best-selling science writer Sy Montgomery discusses the idea of the psychosphere with Melanie. Sy has written about the minds and intelligence of a diverse range of animals from octopuses to goshawks. Do we need new paradigms for our understanding of the intelligence in nature and how it matters?]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1864</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>animals,climatechange,ethics,mind,nature,philosophy,psychology,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>15</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Beyond Words</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/beyond-words--54337009</link><description><![CDATA[Well-known scientist and animal advocate Carl Safina discusses his work on animal cultures with Melanie. Carl makes a case for why humans aren't the only species with cultures. Are the cultures of other species overlooked in conservation? What would it mean not to only work to save animal populations but their ways of life too?]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54337009</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 11:04:46 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54337009/beyond_words_mixdown.mp3" length="47574665" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Well-known scientist and animal advocate Carl Safina discusses his work on animal cultures with Melanie. Carl makes a case for why humans aren't the only species with cultures. Are the cultures of other species overlooked in conservation? What would...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Well-known scientist and animal advocate Carl Safina discusses his work on animal cultures with Melanie. Carl makes a case for why humans aren't the only species with cultures. Are the cultures of other species overlooked in conservation? What would it mean not to only work to save animal populations but their ways of life too?]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1985</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>cognition,conservation,environment,ethics,nature,neuroscience,psychology,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>16</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Mind Myths</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/mind-myths--54342813</link><description><![CDATA[Science writer Philip Ball discusses his writing life and his work on diverse kinds of minds and on the biological studies of agency in nature.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54342813</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 13:27:36 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54342813/mind_myths_mixdown.mp3" length="57968285" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Science writer Philip Ball discusses his writing life and his work on diverse kinds of minds and on the biological studies of agency in nature.</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Science writer Philip Ball discusses his writing life and his work on diverse kinds of minds and on the biological studies of agency in nature.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2419</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>ai,biology,cognition,intelligence,minds,nature,neuroscience,psychology,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>17</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Animal personhood</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/animal-personhood--54342825</link><description><![CDATA[In this episode, Brandon Keim and Melanie talk about the new science on animal personhood. How do other animals relate to one another as subjects, and how do we relate to them as intelligent beings?]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54342825</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 13:29:03 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54342825/animal_personhood_mixdown_1.mp3" length="59710979" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In this episode, Brandon Keim and Melanie talk about the new science on animal personhood. How do other animals relate to one another as subjects, and how do we relate to them as intelligent beings?</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this episode, Brandon Keim and Melanie talk about the new science on animal personhood. How do other animals relate to one another as subjects, and how do we relate to them as intelligent beings?]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2492</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>animals,ethics,intelligence,minds,nature,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>18</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Hearing Voices</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/hearing-voices--54342817</link><description><![CDATA[Novelist and psychologist Charles Fernyhough discusses his fascinating research on the phenomena of hearing voices. Some people have a "voice in their head" and others don't. Some people "hear voices" other than their own and don't view it as a pathology. Others find it distressing. This episode considers what the research has to say about human consciousness and subjectivity.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54342817</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 13:31:07 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54342817/hearing_voices_mixdown.mp3" length="52011465" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Novelist and psychologist Charles Fernyhough discusses his fascinating research on the phenomena of hearing voices. Some people have a "voice in their head" and others don't. Some people "hear voices" other than their own and don't view it as a...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Novelist and psychologist Charles Fernyhough discusses his fascinating research on the phenomena of hearing voices. Some people have a "voice in their head" and others don't. Some people "hear voices" other than their own and don't view it as a pathology. Others find it distressing. This episode considers what the research has to say about human consciousness and subjectivity.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2170</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>cognition,minds,neuroscience,psychology,research,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>19</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Minds in miniature</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/minds-in-miniature--54342815</link><description><![CDATA[Do honeybees dream? When bees perform their famous waggle dance, is it a form of swarm intelligence? Is it a kind of language? In this episode, Melanie discusses insect intelligence with pioneer and veteran researcher Randolf Menzel. Honey will taste even sweeter...]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54342815</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 13:33:48 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54342815/minds_in_minuture_mixdown.mp3" length="62648901" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Do honeybees dream? When bees perform their famous waggle dance, is it a form of swarm intelligence? Is it a kind of language? In this episode, Melanie discusses insect intelligence with pioneer and veteran researcher Randolf Menzel. Honey will taste...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Do honeybees dream? When bees perform their famous waggle dance, is it a form of swarm intelligence? Is it a kind of language? In this episode, Melanie discusses insect intelligence with pioneer and veteran researcher Randolf Menzel. Honey will taste even sweeter...]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2614</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>cognition,ethology,insects,intelligence,minds,nature,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>20</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Something to crow about</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/something-to-crow-about--54342814</link><description><![CDATA[Cambridge University professor Nicky Clayton discusses her pioneering work on the minds of crows and other corvids. Melanie and Nicky even get round to discussing the possibility of jackdaws performing magic tricks...]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54342814</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 13:35:19 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54342814/something_to_crow_about_mixdown.mp3" length="50646737" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Cambridge University professor Nicky Clayton discusses her pioneering work on the minds of crows and other corvids. Melanie and Nicky even get round to discussing the possibility of jackdaws performing magic tricks...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Cambridge University professor Nicky Clayton discusses her pioneering work on the minds of crows and other corvids. Melanie and Nicky even get round to discussing the possibility of jackdaws performing magic tricks...]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2113</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>animals,cognition,crows,intelligence,minds,nature,neuroscience,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>21</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Demystifying Consciousness</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/demystifying-consciousness--54342816</link><description><![CDATA[So where did all this intelligence and agency come from in the first place? How did consciousness emerge on our planet and is it only a human property? Melanie gets into these ideas with researcher Todd Feinberg. Is it possible that the we exist in a thinking universe?]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54342816</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 13:37:02 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54342816/demystifying_consciousness_mixdown.mp3" length="56188746" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>So where did all this intelligence and agency come from in the first place? How did consciousness emerge on our planet and is it only a human property? Melanie gets into these ideas with researcher Todd Feinberg. Is it possible that the we exist in a...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[So where did all this intelligence and agency come from in the first place? How did consciousness emerge on our planet and is it only a human property? Melanie gets into these ideas with researcher Todd Feinberg. Is it possible that the we exist in a thinking universe?]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2345</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>agency,ai,cognition,consciousness,intelligence,mind,psychology,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>22</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Agency in Nature</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/agency-in-nature--54342819</link><description><![CDATA[A special finale episode with groundbreaking philosophers, Alan Love, Denis Walsh, John Dupre and Helen Steward. Melanie hosts a roundtable discussion on the new science of agency in nature. How did all this intelligence emerge in the first place and why do we ignore the role of the intelligence and agency of other species in our understandings of ecosystems and evolution? Why do other animals pursue their goals and where did all this purposiveness come from in the first place. Listen in to some of the best minds approaching one of the most exciting areas of new research in science.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">https://api.spreaker.com/episode/54342819</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2023 13:40:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54342819/agency_in_nature_mixdown_1.mp3" length="127587632" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Melanie Challenger</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>A special finale episode with groundbreaking philosophers, Alan Love, Denis Walsh, John Dupre and Helen Steward. Melanie hosts a roundtable discussion on the new science of agency in nature. How did all this intelligence emerge in the first place and...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[A special finale episode with groundbreaking philosophers, Alan Love, Denis Walsh, John Dupre and Helen Steward. Melanie hosts a roundtable discussion on the new science of agency in nature. How did all this intelligence emerge in the first place and why do we ignore the role of the intelligence and agency of other species in our understandings of ecosystems and evolution? Why do other animals pursue their goals and where did all this purposiveness come from in the first place. Listen in to some of the best minds approaching one of the most exciting areas of new research in science.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>5324</itunes:duration><itunes:keywords>agency,biology,cognition,history,intelligence,minds,philosophy,science</itunes:keywords><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/4f97dc5aa58078aa6e2ff727b4d52c36.jpg"/><itunes:season>1</itunes:season><itunes:episode>23</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item></channel></rss>
