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<rss xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:podcast="https://podcastindex.org/namespace/1.0" xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" version="2.0"><channel><title>TAW Podcast</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/show/cockroach-clan</link><description><![CDATA[The stories of the modern scholars and adventurers who rediscovered the ancient world]]></description><atom:link href="https://www.spreaker.com/show/5686280/episodes/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><language>en</language><category>History</category><copyright>Copyright Cockcroach Clan</copyright><image><url>https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg</url><title>TAW Podcast</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/show/cockroach-clan</link></image><lastBuildDate>Sun, 27 Sep 2026 09:40:50 +0000</lastBuildDate><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:owner><itunes:name>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:name><itunes:email>feeds@spreaker.com</itunes:email></itunes:owner><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:subtitle>The stories of the modern scholars and adventurers who rediscovered the ancient world</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[The stories of the modern scholars and adventurers who rediscovered the ancient world]]></itunes:summary><itunes:category text="History"/><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><podcast:guid>5aa88608-d09f-590e-9673-708b58ac9904</podcast:guid><itunes:type>episodic</itunes:type><item><title>Episode A16 - Contact</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a16-contact--75396155</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: The Sintashta way of life and death seeds aspects of Vedic Aryan Hinduism and Iranian Zoroastrianism, while their quest for a lucrative market for metals brings them into contact with the Oxus Civilization and – through them – the larger Near Eastern world. In post-Ur III Sumer, Amorite chiefs and military leaders begin to flex a newfound power and prestige.  “The robe they spread upon the Horse to clothe him,   The upper covering and the golden trappings,  The halters which restrain the Steed, the heel-ropes, -   All these, as grateful to the Gods, they offer.”   – Rig-Veda, Book 1, Hymn 162, The Horse  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 2100 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS2100.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 1950 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Near_East_1950.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720335716108/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A16_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">1407bc70-b82a-11f1-bec8-c727cb1b74c0</guid><pubDate>Sun, 27 Sep 2026 09:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/75396155/arml8610702187.mp3" length="44203296" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/1bcea21e-d94a-499a-af08-acffe79ce3e5/1bcea21e-d94a-499a-af08-acffe79ce3e5.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/1bcea21e-d94a-499a-af08-acffe79ce3e5/1bcea21e-d94a-499a-af08-acffe79ce3e5.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/1bcea21e-d94a-499a-af08-acffe79ce3e5/1bcea21e-d94a-499a-af08-acffe79ce3e5.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: The Sintashta way of life and death seeds aspects of Vedic Aryan Hinduism and Iranian Zoroastrianism, while their quest for a lucrative market for metals brings them into contact with the Oxus Civilization and – through them – the larger...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: The Sintashta way of life and death seeds aspects of Vedic Aryan Hinduism and Iranian Zoroastrianism, while their quest for a lucrative market for metals brings them into contact with the Oxus Civilization and – through them – the larger Near Eastern world. In post-Ur III Sumer, Amorite chiefs and military leaders begin to flex a newfound power and prestige.  “The robe they spread upon the Horse to clothe him,   The upper covering and the golden trappings,  The halters which restrain the Steed, the heel-ropes, -   All these, as grateful to the Gods, they offer.”   – Rig-Veda, Book 1, Hymn 162, The Horse  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 2100 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS2100.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 1950 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Near_East_1950.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720335716108/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A16_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2201</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/de3b3bb1afb2ea70ac95f63e7ddf4d3d.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>16</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A15 - Band of Brothers</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a15-band-of-brothers--75100529</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Yamnaya migrations east and west carried their language and culture to the mountains of Siberia and plains of Hungary. Over the following centuries, their Corded Ware/Bell Beaker successors spread their daughter languages to the frontiers of Europe. As the Aridification Event began to take hold, increasing violence and declining herds drove some steppe tribes to migrate east of the Urals. The move gave rise to the metal-working, chariot-driving, Indo-Iranian-speaking Sintashta culture.  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 3200 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS3200M.jpg  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 2800 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS2800.jpg  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 2100 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS2100.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720335547107/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A15_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">453b8bca-ad60-11f1-a030-bf68fdc9a6c4</guid><pubDate>Sun, 13 Sep 2026 09:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/75100529/arml6787523693.mp3" length="45364746" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/e0f5cfb8-52cb-4bf8-9f5c-a6529d0ac70f/e0f5cfb8-52cb-4bf8-9f5c-a6529d0ac70f.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/e0f5cfb8-52cb-4bf8-9f5c-a6529d0ac70f/e0f5cfb8-52cb-4bf8-9f5c-a6529d0ac70f.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/e0f5cfb8-52cb-4bf8-9f5c-a6529d0ac70f/e0f5cfb8-52cb-4bf8-9f5c-a6529d0ac70f.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Yamnaya migrations east and west carried their language and culture to the mountains of Siberia and plains of Hungary. Over the following centuries, their Corded Ware/Bell Beaker successors spread their daughter languages to the frontiers of...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Yamnaya migrations east and west carried their language and culture to the mountains of Siberia and plains of Hungary. Over the following centuries, their Corded Ware/Bell Beaker successors spread their daughter languages to the frontiers of Europe. As the Aridification Event began to take hold, increasing violence and declining herds drove some steppe tribes to migrate east of the Urals. The move gave rise to the metal-working, chariot-driving, Indo-Iranian-speaking Sintashta culture.  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 3200 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS3200M.jpg  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 2800 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS2800.jpg  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 2100 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS2100.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720335547107/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A15_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2259</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/9c3c7a8d3b953de68355126b41fa0766.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>15</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A14 - Fame Imperishable</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a14-fame-imperishable--74753460</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: The fall of Old Europe and dissolution of the Cucuteni-Tripolye Culture left horse-riding steppe-herders the unchallenged paradigm on the Pontic-Caspian steppe. The introduction of the wagon around 3500 BC enabled their adoption of a fully-nomadic lifestyle, culminating with the complete dominance of the Proto-Indo-European-speaking Yamnaya horizon.  “I will declare the manly deeds of Indra, the first that he achieved, the Thunder-wielder. He slew the Dragon, then disclosed the waters, and cleft the channels of the mountain torrents. He slew the Dragon lying on the mountain: his heavenly bolt of thunder Tvastar fashioned. Like lowing kine in rapid flow descending the waters glided downward to the ocean.” - The Rig-Veda Book 1, Hymn XXXII. Indra  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 4050 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS4050.jpg  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 3200 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS3200.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720335342929/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A14_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">77e987f6-9759-11f1-b773-474ac0ef84b2</guid><pubDate>Sun, 30 Aug 2026 09:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74753460/arml4339734204.mp3" length="41787101" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/a270c85b-19d3-42a7-a7fa-2977b681c922/a270c85b-19d3-42a7-a7fa-2977b681c922.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/a270c85b-19d3-42a7-a7fa-2977b681c922/a270c85b-19d3-42a7-a7fa-2977b681c922.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/a270c85b-19d3-42a7-a7fa-2977b681c922/a270c85b-19d3-42a7-a7fa-2977b681c922.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: The fall of Old Europe and dissolution of the Cucuteni-Tripolye Culture left horse-riding steppe-herders the unchallenged paradigm on the Pontic-Caspian steppe. The introduction of the wagon around 3500 BC enabled their adoption of a...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: The fall of Old Europe and dissolution of the Cucuteni-Tripolye Culture left horse-riding steppe-herders the unchallenged paradigm on the Pontic-Caspian steppe. The introduction of the wagon around 3500 BC enabled their adoption of a fully-nomadic lifestyle, culminating with the complete dominance of the Proto-Indo-European-speaking Yamnaya horizon.  “I will declare the manly deeds of Indra, the first that he achieved, the Thunder-wielder. He slew the Dragon, then disclosed the waters, and cleft the channels of the mountain torrents. He slew the Dragon lying on the mountain: his heavenly bolt of thunder Tvastar fashioned. Like lowing kine in rapid flow descending the waters glided downward to the ocean.” - The Rig-Veda Book 1, Hymn XXXII. Indra  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 4050 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS4050.jpg  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 3200 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS3200.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720335342929/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A14_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2080</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/22542fc2c2923a37725cf933310c7e25.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>14</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A13 - The Steppe and The Sewn</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a13-the-steppe-and-the-sewn--74113188</link><description><![CDATA[SEASON 3 PREMIERE  Synopsis: Despite the generally inhospitable environment, many ancient hunter-gatherers made the Northern Steppe their home. During the 6th and 5th millennia BC, their interactions with successive waves of migrating farmer-herders prompted a new cultural orientation toward the acquisition and control of large herds of cattle. Toward end of the period, the development of horse-riding enabled steppe tribes to invade the wealthy, sophisticated metalworking culture of Old Europe.  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 5800 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS5800.jpg  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 4800 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS4800.jpg  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 4050 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS4050.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720335097086  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A13_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">77912c00-9759-11f1-b773-bbb2d009d2a5</guid><pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2026 09:00:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/74113188/arml6346086738.mp3" length="39837650" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/e995d6ab-08ff-41eb-915d-27a7067881d3/e995d6ab-08ff-41eb-915d-27a7067881d3.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/e995d6ab-08ff-41eb-915d-27a7067881d3/e995d6ab-08ff-41eb-915d-27a7067881d3.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/e995d6ab-08ff-41eb-915d-27a7067881d3/e995d6ab-08ff-41eb-915d-27a7067881d3.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>SEASON 3 PREMIERE  Synopsis: Despite the generally inhospitable environment, many ancient hunter-gatherers made the Northern Steppe their home. During the 6th and 5th millennia BC, their interactions with successive waves of migrating farmer-herders...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[SEASON 3 PREMIERE  Synopsis: Despite the generally inhospitable environment, many ancient hunter-gatherers made the Northern Steppe their home. During the 6th and 5th millennia BC, their interactions with successive waves of migrating farmer-herders prompted a new cultural orientation toward the acquisition and control of large herds of cattle. Toward end of the period, the development of horse-riding enabled steppe tribes to invade the wealthy, sophisticated metalworking culture of Old Europe.  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 5800 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS5800.jpg  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 4800 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS4800.jpg  Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 4050 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS4050.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720335097086  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A13_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1983</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>13</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A12 - The Flood</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a12-the-flood--70643536</link><description><![CDATA[SEASON 2 FINALE  Synopsis: Shulgi and his successors face major challenges to Ur III rule, including Amorite attacks, Sumerian rivals, and a newly-emboldened Shimashki.  “The god Enlil granted to Shu-Sin a long lifespan, a crown and tiara, a scepter of long days, a royal throne, a firm foundation, years of abundance, a weapon – the flood – which casts terror…” – Copy of an inscription from a statue of Shu-Sin commemorating a victory over Shimashki Map of the Near East c. 2060 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2060BC.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 2028 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2028BC.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 2000 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2000BC.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720332382139/with/55129840383  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A12_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">8533724c-1e4a-11f1-bb66-6fdc9082e9ce</guid><pubDate>Sun, 15 Mar 2026 09:00:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/70643536/arml6036972419.mp3" length="49818685" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/5127fb85-4e0b-4cf1-9185-9eb1a7cfbb35/5127fb85-4e0b-4cf1-9185-9eb1a7cfbb35.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/5127fb85-4e0b-4cf1-9185-9eb1a7cfbb35/5127fb85-4e0b-4cf1-9185-9eb1a7cfbb35.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/5127fb85-4e0b-4cf1-9185-9eb1a7cfbb35/5127fb85-4e0b-4cf1-9185-9eb1a7cfbb35.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>SEASON 2 FINALE  Synopsis: Shulgi and his successors face major challenges to Ur III rule, including Amorite attacks, Sumerian rivals, and a newly-emboldened Shimashki.  “The god Enlil granted to Shu-Sin a long lifespan, a crown and tiara, a scepter...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[SEASON 2 FINALE  Synopsis: Shulgi and his successors face major challenges to Ur III rule, including Amorite attacks, Sumerian rivals, and a newly-emboldened Shimashki.  “The god Enlil granted to Shu-Sin a long lifespan, a crown and tiara, a scepter of long days, a royal throne, a firm foundation, years of abundance, a weapon – the flood – which casts terror…” – Copy of an inscription from a statue of Shu-Sin commemorating a victory over Shimashki Map of the Near East c. 2060 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2060BC.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 2028 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2028BC.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 2000 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2000BC.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720332382139/with/55129840383  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A12_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3102</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/e60206e9904fc700864b430b8b000d38.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>12</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A11 - Behind the Mountains</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a11-behind-the-mountains--70372490</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: The Proto-Elamite horizon sparked innovation and trade throughout Iran and Central Asia, and its collapse saw the emergence of numerous “secondary states”. Toward the end of the Third Millennium BC, the dominant polity east of the Zagros was the Oxus Civilization.  Map of the Middle Asian Interaction Sphere:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/MAIS.png  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720332227258/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A11_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">a22cd5b8-1383-11f1-b194-4ff5fb3ef720</guid><pubDate>Sun, 01 Mar 2026 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/70372490/arml9754419875.mp3" length="51055654" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/19ddaf5d-7809-421a-966e-88ee6f7dfe10/19ddaf5d-7809-421a-966e-88ee6f7dfe10.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/19ddaf5d-7809-421a-966e-88ee6f7dfe10/19ddaf5d-7809-421a-966e-88ee6f7dfe10.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/19ddaf5d-7809-421a-966e-88ee6f7dfe10/19ddaf5d-7809-421a-966e-88ee6f7dfe10.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: The Proto-Elamite horizon sparked innovation and trade throughout Iran and Central Asia, and its collapse saw the emergence of numerous “secondary states”. Toward the end of the Third Millennium BC, the dominant polity east of the Zagros was...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: The Proto-Elamite horizon sparked innovation and trade throughout Iran and Central Asia, and its collapse saw the emergence of numerous “secondary states”. Toward the end of the Third Millennium BC, the dominant polity east of the Zagros was the Oxus Civilization.  Map of the Middle Asian Interaction Sphere:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/MAIS.png  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720332227258/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A11_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3180</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/a95a3656ae7ce72ca02d50b3c511d276.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>10</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A10 - The Sword of Sumer</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a10-the-sword-of-sumer--69718588</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Ur-Namma unifies Sumer and ejects the Elamites. His son, King Shulgi, designs a new empire and begins a push for Zagros domination.  “The trustworthy shepherd, king, the sword of Sumer, Ur-Namma, the king of the Land, was taken to the …house…he who was beloved by the troops, could not raise his neck anymore. The wise one…lay down; silence descended. As he, who was the vigor of the Land, had fallen, the Land became demolished like a mountain…He passed away in his prime…abandoned, like a broken jar.” – The Death of Ur-Namma  Map of the Near East c. 2112 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2112BC.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 2060 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2060BC.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720331669262/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A10_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">8c1f8872-d7cb-11f0-a24b-ff34786e6583</guid><pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2026 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69718588/arml5454265250.mp3" length="51380845" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/dbb1d620-cec5-4181-8b49-593b8f12f937/dbb1d620-cec5-4181-8b49-593b8f12f937.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/dbb1d620-cec5-4181-8b49-593b8f12f937/dbb1d620-cec5-4181-8b49-593b8f12f937.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/dbb1d620-cec5-4181-8b49-593b8f12f937/dbb1d620-cec5-4181-8b49-593b8f12f937.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Ur-Namma unifies Sumer and ejects the Elamites. His son, King Shulgi, designs a new empire and begins a push for Zagros domination.  “The trustworthy shepherd, king, the sword of Sumer, Ur-Namma, the king of the Land, was taken to the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Ur-Namma unifies Sumer and ejects the Elamites. His son, King Shulgi, designs a new empire and begins a push for Zagros domination.  “The trustworthy shepherd, king, the sword of Sumer, Ur-Namma, the king of the Land, was taken to the …house…he who was beloved by the troops, could not raise his neck anymore. The wise one…lay down; silence descended. As he, who was the vigor of the Land, had fallen, the Land became demolished like a mountain…He passed away in his prime…abandoned, like a broken jar.” – The Death of Ur-Namma  Map of the Near East c. 2112 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2112BC.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 2060 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2060BC.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720331669262/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A10_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2560</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>10</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A9 - Seventy Kings</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a9-seventy-kings--69495038</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: With the fall of the Old Kingdom, power devolves to the various nomes. The Herakleopolitan House of Khety extends control over most of Egypt before eventually being defeated and deposed by the rival House of Thebes.   “I took care of the towns of Hefat and Hormer in every situation of crisis, when the sky was clouded and the earth was parched and everybody died of hunger. The south came with its people and the north with its children; they brought the finest oil in exchange for the barley that was given to them. The whole of Upper Egypt died of hunger and each individual had reached such a state of hunger that he ate his own children. But I refused to see anyone die of hunger and gave to the north the grain of Upper Egypt. I brought life to the provinces of Nekhen and Edfu, Elephantine and Ombos.” – Tomb Inscription of the Nomarch Ankhtifi  Episode Image: Painted osiride sandstone seated Ka statue of king Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II, on display at the Egyptian Museum, Cairo. By Prof. Mortel, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=118201367.  Map of Egypt in the First Intermediate Period:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A9_Egypt.png  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720331395977  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A9_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">5e2afdfc-d7cb-11f0-beb8-ab4b24f0f9bb</guid><pubDate>Sun, 18 Jan 2026 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69495038/arml7958822633.mp3" length="26651275" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/69b3ee23-b45b-4cb4-be22-4840a3440c6e/69b3ee23-b45b-4cb4-be22-4840a3440c6e.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/69b3ee23-b45b-4cb4-be22-4840a3440c6e/69b3ee23-b45b-4cb4-be22-4840a3440c6e.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/69b3ee23-b45b-4cb4-be22-4840a3440c6e/69b3ee23-b45b-4cb4-be22-4840a3440c6e.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: With the fall of the Old Kingdom, power devolves to the various nomes. The Herakleopolitan House of Khety extends control over most of Egypt before eventually being defeated and deposed by the rival House of Thebes.   “I took care of the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: With the fall of the Old Kingdom, power devolves to the various nomes. The Herakleopolitan House of Khety extends control over most of Egypt before eventually being defeated and deposed by the rival House of Thebes.   “I took care of the towns of Hefat and Hormer in every situation of crisis, when the sky was clouded and the earth was parched and everybody died of hunger. The south came with its people and the north with its children; they brought the finest oil in exchange for the barley that was given to them. The whole of Upper Egypt died of hunger and each individual had reached such a state of hunger that he ate his own children. But I refused to see anyone die of hunger and gave to the north the grain of Upper Egypt. I brought life to the provinces of Nekhen and Edfu, Elephantine and Ombos.” – Tomb Inscription of the Nomarch Ankhtifi  Episode Image: Painted osiride sandstone seated Ka statue of king Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II, on display at the Egyptian Museum, Cairo. By Prof. Mortel, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=118201367.  Map of Egypt in the First Intermediate Period:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A9_Egypt.png  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720331395977  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A9_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1891</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/ca9ee1fe612aceaf3c5f7a667cf5d7eb.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>9</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A8 - Who Was King</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a8-who-was-king--69342427</link><description><![CDATA[[NOTE: This new version features improved audio]  Synopsis: The impacts of the Aridification Event lead to Akkadian collapse. Gudea of Lagash asserts independence and shepherds the south through the aftermath. The brief period of Guti domination is terminated by the Elamite invasion of Kutik-Inshushinak and the Sumerian revolt of Utu-Hegal of Uruk.  “They placed fetters on (Tirigan’s) hands and put a cloth over his eyes. Utu-Hegal made him lie at Utu’s feet and on his neck he set his foot. Gutium, the fanged snake of the mountain ranges, he made drink from the cracks in the earth.” – Victory Stele of Utu-Hegal of Uruk  Episode Image: Statue of Gudea, Ensi of Lagash, on display at the British Museum, 2025. My photo.  Map of the Near East c. 2200 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2200BC.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 2112 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2112BC.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720331179161/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A8_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">db9794d2-ebe2-11f0-8753-c7357d363b03</guid><pubDate>Wed, 07 Jan 2026 16:17:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69342427/arml1662963008.mp3" length="35694439" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/59487a3e-56b2-47ef-8117-bda586115176/59487a3e-56b2-47ef-8117-bda586115176.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/59487a3e-56b2-47ef-8117-bda586115176/59487a3e-56b2-47ef-8117-bda586115176.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/59487a3e-56b2-47ef-8117-bda586115176/59487a3e-56b2-47ef-8117-bda586115176.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>[NOTE: This new version features improved audio]  Synopsis: The impacts of the Aridification Event lead to Akkadian collapse. Gudea of Lagash asserts independence and shepherds the south through the aftermath. The brief period of Guti domination is...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[[NOTE: This new version features improved audio]  Synopsis: The impacts of the Aridification Event lead to Akkadian collapse. Gudea of Lagash asserts independence and shepherds the south through the aftermath. The brief period of Guti domination is terminated by the Elamite invasion of Kutik-Inshushinak and the Sumerian revolt of Utu-Hegal of Uruk.  “They placed fetters on (Tirigan’s) hands and put a cloth over his eyes. Utu-Hegal made him lie at Utu’s feet and on his neck he set his foot. Gutium, the fanged snake of the mountain ranges, he made drink from the cracks in the earth.” – Victory Stele of Utu-Hegal of Uruk  Episode Image: Statue of Gudea, Ensi of Lagash, on display at the British Museum, 2025. My photo.  Map of the Near East c. 2200 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2200BC.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 2112 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2112BC.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720331179161/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A8_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2537</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/7d89bf614baec66ce4b9c9e9713a96a4.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>8</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A8 - Who Was King</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a8-who-was-king--69294866</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: The impacts of the Aridification Event lead to Akkadian collapse. Gudea of Lagash asserts independence and shepherds the south through the aftermath. The brief period of Guti domination is terminated by the Elamite invasion of Kutik-Inshushinak and the Sumerian revolt of Utu-Hegal of Uruk.  “They placed fetters on (Tirigan’s) hands and put a cloth over his eyes. Utu-Hegal made him lie at Utu’s feet and on his neck he set his foot. Gutium, the fanged snake of the mountain ranges, he made drink from the cracks in the earth.” – Victory Stele of Utu-Hegal of Uruk\   Episode Image: Statue of Gudea, Ensi of Lagash, on display at the British Museum, 2025. My photo.  Map of the Near East c. 2200 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2200BC.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 2112 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2112BC.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720331179161/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A8_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">53268598-d7cb-11f0-bd23-e3c89d50ff14</guid><pubDate>Sun, 04 Jan 2026 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69294866/arml4836002540.mp3" length="12874674" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/e69502e5-0b45-49ac-b58e-a0bb8447d83a/e69502e5-0b45-49ac-b58e-a0bb8447d83a.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/e69502e5-0b45-49ac-b58e-a0bb8447d83a/e69502e5-0b45-49ac-b58e-a0bb8447d83a.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/e69502e5-0b45-49ac-b58e-a0bb8447d83a/e69502e5-0b45-49ac-b58e-a0bb8447d83a.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: The impacts of the Aridification Event lead to Akkadian collapse. Gudea of Lagash asserts independence and shepherds the south through the aftermath. The brief period of Guti domination is terminated by the Elamite invasion of...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: The impacts of the Aridification Event lead to Akkadian collapse. Gudea of Lagash asserts independence and shepherds the south through the aftermath. The brief period of Guti domination is terminated by the Elamite invasion of Kutik-Inshushinak and the Sumerian revolt of Utu-Hegal of Uruk.  “They placed fetters on (Tirigan’s) hands and put a cloth over his eyes. Utu-Hegal made him lie at Utu’s feet and on his neck he set his foot. Gutium, the fanged snake of the mountain ranges, he made drink from the cracks in the earth.” – Victory Stele of Utu-Hegal of Uruk\   Episode Image: Statue of Gudea, Ensi of Lagash, on display at the British Museum, 2025. My photo.  Map of the Near East c. 2200 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2200BC.jpg  Map of the Near East c. 2112 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2112BC.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720331179161/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A8_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2538</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/7d89bf614baec66ce4b9c9e9713a96a4.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>8</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A7 - The Abode of Clouds</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a7-the-abode-of-clouds--69155181</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: The science behind the 4.2 kiloyear BPE Aridification Event.  “The great farming tracts brought forth no grain,  The irrigated farming tracts brought forth no fish,  The well-watered orchard brought forth neither syrup nor wine.  The gathering clouds brought no rain, not even weeds would grow.” – The Curse of Agade  Map of the Near East c. 2200 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2200BC.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720330980851  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A7_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">39751556-d7cb-11f0-8e93-179583efb2fd</guid><pubDate>Sun, 21 Dec 2025 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/69155181/arml1430771911.mp3" length="37995179" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/0d1dcad8-d25e-4da0-a285-6af730dad1fd/0d1dcad8-d25e-4da0-a285-6af730dad1fd.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/0d1dcad8-d25e-4da0-a285-6af730dad1fd/0d1dcad8-d25e-4da0-a285-6af730dad1fd.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/0d1dcad8-d25e-4da0-a285-6af730dad1fd/0d1dcad8-d25e-4da0-a285-6af730dad1fd.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: The science behind the 4.2 kiloyear BPE Aridification Event.  “The great farming tracts brought forth no grain,  The irrigated farming tracts brought forth no fish,  The well-watered orchard brought forth neither syrup nor wine.  The...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: The science behind the 4.2 kiloyear BPE Aridification Event.  “The great farming tracts brought forth no grain,  The irrigated farming tracts brought forth no fish,  The well-watered orchard brought forth neither syrup nor wine.  The gathering clouds brought no rain, not even weeds would grow.” – The Curse of Agade  Map of the Near East c. 2200 BC:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/2200BC.jpg  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720330980851  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A7_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2364</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/88fabf883b2c5bce74a46809a99faa0e.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A6 - The Reign of Ishtar</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a6-the-reign-of-ishtar--66874238</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: The Akkadian Empire reaches its zenith under the rule of Naram-Sin.  “Its king, the shepherd, Naram-Sin,  Shone forth like sunrise on the holy throne of Agade,  Its walls, like a mountain range, reached up to graze the sky.  Holy Inanna opened in them spacious gates,   Big enough to let the Tigris flow out through them to the sea.” - The Curse of Agade  Original Episode Art by Mike Oeming:  https://michaelavonoeming.com  Bust of Naram-sin by Museum Art Replicas:  https://www.etsy.com/shop/MuseumArtReplicas  Map of SW Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A6_Map.png  Map of the Akkadian Empire (by Simeon Netchev, World History Encyclopedia):  https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/15457.png?v=1748640186-0  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720327300092  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A6_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">844e44a0-135c-11f0-9d61-c7295e3c4a8f</guid><pubDate>Sun, 06 Jul 2025 10:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/66874238/arml2341364721.mp3" length="61279600" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/a037444e-ceb4-4185-99b6-552b71cda1b7/a037444e-ceb4-4185-99b6-552b71cda1b7.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/a037444e-ceb4-4185-99b6-552b71cda1b7/a037444e-ceb4-4185-99b6-552b71cda1b7.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/a037444e-ceb4-4185-99b6-552b71cda1b7/a037444e-ceb4-4185-99b6-552b71cda1b7.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: The Akkadian Empire reaches its zenith under the rule of Naram-Sin.  “Its king, the shepherd, Naram-Sin,  Shone forth like sunrise on the holy throne of Agade,  Its walls, like a mountain range, reached up to graze the sky.  Holy Inanna...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: The Akkadian Empire reaches its zenith under the rule of Naram-Sin.  “Its king, the shepherd, Naram-Sin,  Shone forth like sunrise on the holy throne of Agade,  Its walls, like a mountain range, reached up to graze the sky.  Holy Inanna opened in them spacious gates,   Big enough to let the Tigris flow out through them to the sea.” - The Curse of Agade  Original Episode Art by Mike Oeming:  https://michaelavonoeming.com  Bust of Naram-sin by Museum Art Replicas:  https://www.etsy.com/shop/MuseumArtReplicas  Map of SW Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A6_Map.png  Map of the Akkadian Empire (by Simeon Netchev, World History Encyclopedia):  https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/15457.png?v=1748640186-0  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720327300092  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A6_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3050</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/265cbf6f74b0dc43cd2a6b7ecc5cd98a.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A5 - The Cupbearer</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a5-the-cupbearer--66690002</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Sargon of Akkad forges the world’s first Empire.  “After Enlil’s baleful glare  Had slain Kish like the Bull of Heaven,  Had slaughtered house and land of Uruk in the dust,        like that monster bull,  And Enlil had then and there given Sargon, king of Agade,  Lordship of Uruk, kingship of Kish,  From the lowlands to the upper regions,   Then did holy Inanna busy herself to build  Agade, the temple city, as her sublime dwelling,  In Ulmash let her throne be set.” – The curse of Agade  Map of SW Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A5_Map.png  Map of the Akkadian Empire (by Simeon Netchev, World History Encyclopedia):  https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/15457.png?v=1748640186-0  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720326959608/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A5_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">7b916ea0-135c-11f0-bd85-c7342534979d</guid><pubDate>Sun, 22 Jun 2025 10:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/66690002/arml8026673557.mp3" length="47716476" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/81c1ff1b-568a-4220-8658-8947e26ae04e/81c1ff1b-568a-4220-8658-8947e26ae04e.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/81c1ff1b-568a-4220-8658-8947e26ae04e/81c1ff1b-568a-4220-8658-8947e26ae04e.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/81c1ff1b-568a-4220-8658-8947e26ae04e/81c1ff1b-568a-4220-8658-8947e26ae04e.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Sargon of Akkad forges the world’s first Empire.  “After Enlil’s baleful glare  Had slain Kish like the Bull of Heaven,  Had slaughtered house and land of Uruk in the dust,        like that monster bull,  And Enlil had then and there given...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Sargon of Akkad forges the world’s first Empire.  “After Enlil’s baleful glare  Had slain Kish like the Bull of Heaven,  Had slaughtered house and land of Uruk in the dust,        like that monster bull,  And Enlil had then and there given Sargon, king of Agade,  Lordship of Uruk, kingship of Kish,  From the lowlands to the upper regions,   Then did holy Inanna busy herself to build  Agade, the temple city, as her sublime dwelling,  In Ulmash let her throne be set.” – The curse of Agade  Map of SW Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A5_Map.png  Map of the Akkadian Empire (by Simeon Netchev, World History Encyclopedia):  https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/15457.png?v=1748640186-0  Episode Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720326959608/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A5_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2965</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A4 - The Pinnacle</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a4-the-pinnacle--66461179</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: This episode covers the rise and fall of the Egyptian Old Kingdom.  “The Second Dynasty consists of nine kings of This. The first was Boethos, for 38 years. In his reign a chasm opened at Bubastis, and many perished.  Kaiechos, for 39 years. In his reign the bulls, Apis at Memphis and Mnevis at Heliopolis, and the Mendelsian goat were worshipped as gods.  Binothris, for 47 years. In his reign it was decided that women might hold the kingly office.  Tlas, for 17 years. Sethenes, for 41 years. Chaires, for 17 years.  Nephercheres, for 25 years. In his reign (the story goes), the Nile flowed blended with honey for 11 days.”   – Manetho’s Aegyptiaca, as quoted by Syncellus  Map of SW Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A4_Map.png  Map of Egypt:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A4_Egypt.png  Map of the Pyramid Fields:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A4_Pyramids.jpg  Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720326636138  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A4_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">7372949c-135c-11f0-8734-c7cfa5c7126a</guid><pubDate>Sun, 08 Jun 2025 10:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/66461179/arml1810173966.mp3" length="48886794" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/aa106d5a-809e-4ce9-9816-f9fbddf459a6/aa106d5a-809e-4ce9-9816-f9fbddf459a6.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/aa106d5a-809e-4ce9-9816-f9fbddf459a6/aa106d5a-809e-4ce9-9816-f9fbddf459a6.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/aa106d5a-809e-4ce9-9816-f9fbddf459a6/aa106d5a-809e-4ce9-9816-f9fbddf459a6.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: This episode covers the rise and fall of the Egyptian Old Kingdom.  “The Second Dynasty consists of nine kings of This. The first was Boethos, for 38 years. In his reign a chasm opened at Bubastis, and many perished.  Kaiechos, for 39 years....</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: This episode covers the rise and fall of the Egyptian Old Kingdom.  “The Second Dynasty consists of nine kings of This. The first was Boethos, for 38 years. In his reign a chasm opened at Bubastis, and many perished.  Kaiechos, for 39 years. In his reign the bulls, Apis at Memphis and Mnevis at Heliopolis, and the Mendelsian goat were worshipped as gods.  Binothris, for 47 years. In his reign it was decided that women might hold the kingly office.  Tlas, for 17 years. Sethenes, for 41 years. Chaires, for 17 years.  Nephercheres, for 25 years. In his reign (the story goes), the Nile flowed blended with honey for 11 days.”   – Manetho’s Aegyptiaca, as quoted by Syncellus  Map of SW Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A4_Map.png  Map of Egypt:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A4_Egypt.png  Map of the Pyramid Fields:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A4_Pyramids.jpg  Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720326636138  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A4_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3038</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Bonus Feed-Swap with The History of Egypt Podcast</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/bonus-feed-swap-with-the-history-of-egypt-podcast--66329822</link><description><![CDATA[Hi everyone! My friend Dominic at THoE and I are doing a feed-swap this week. It's a great chance to introduce you to his new set of episodes on the pharaoh Ramesses II.  More details from Dominic below. Enjoy! - Scott C.  In a land famous for its monarchs – the legendary pharaohs – there is no one quite like Ramesses II. He might be the most famous of all, and we know a heck of a lot more about Ramesses than other rulers like Tutankhamun or Cleopatra VII. Now, after twelve years of narrative history, The History of Egypt Podcast is finally beginning the reign of this immortal monarch. The age of Ramesses defines much of what scholars and historians know about ancient Egypt; from the construction of temples and monuments, to the daily life of ordinary citizens… The History of Egypt Podcast is exploring all of it, in as much detail as possible. Along the way, we’ll explore tales like the Battle of Kadesh, when Egypt and the Hittites went head-to-head in bloody conflict; or the Biblical Exodus – did it really happen, and what do we know about it? We’ll visit monuments like Abu Simbel and the famed Ramesseum, home of the largest statues ever built in Egyptian history. And throughout these tales, we’ll meet ordinary folks, in different walks of life, who left their mark on history.  The History of Egypt Podcast is available on all podcasting apps, just follow the links below to learn more.   Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com  YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ancientegypthist  Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/7EK7aL9zF57EV1eZb4X6Qg  Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-history-of-egypt-podcast/id626129639  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">1fccd012-3ca8-11f0-9c2a-dfbda48862af</guid><pubDate>Thu, 29 May 2025 16:15:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/66329822/arml8699567990.mp3" length="110808040" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/05b3c120-8e60-4739-8131-ea9f2554823a/05b3c120-8e60-4739-8131-ea9f2554823a.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/05b3c120-8e60-4739-8131-ea9f2554823a/05b3c120-8e60-4739-8131-ea9f2554823a.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/05b3c120-8e60-4739-8131-ea9f2554823a/05b3c120-8e60-4739-8131-ea9f2554823a.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Hi everyone! My friend Dominic at THoE and I are doing a feed-swap this week. It's a great chance to introduce you to his new set of episodes on the pharaoh Ramesses II.  More details from Dominic below. Enjoy! - Scott C.  In a land famous for its...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Hi everyone! My friend Dominic at THoE and I are doing a feed-swap this week. It's a great chance to introduce you to his new set of episodes on the pharaoh Ramesses II.  More details from Dominic below. Enjoy! - Scott C.  In a land famous for its monarchs – the legendary pharaohs – there is no one quite like Ramesses II. He might be the most famous of all, and we know a heck of a lot more about Ramesses than other rulers like Tutankhamun or Cleopatra VII. Now, after twelve years of narrative history, The History of Egypt Podcast is finally beginning the reign of this immortal monarch. The age of Ramesses defines much of what scholars and historians know about ancient Egypt; from the construction of temples and monuments, to the daily life of ordinary citizens… The History of Egypt Podcast is exploring all of it, in as much detail as possible. Along the way, we’ll explore tales like the Battle of Kadesh, when Egypt and the Hittites went head-to-head in bloody conflict; or the Biblical Exodus – did it really happen, and what do we know about it? We’ll visit monuments like Abu Simbel and the famed Ramesseum, home of the largest statues ever built in Egyptian history. And throughout these tales, we’ll meet ordinary folks, in different walks of life, who left their mark on history.  The History of Egypt Podcast is available on all podcasting apps, just follow the links below to learn more.   Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com  YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ancientegypthist  Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/7EK7aL9zF57EV1eZb4X6Qg  Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-history-of-egypt-podcast/id626129639  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2764</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/cc7df9c32e5ac104f253b27274086832.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A3 - Kings of Kish</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a3-kings-of-kish--66267897</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: This episode covers the Early Dynastic Period in Sumer and northern Syria.  “Eannatum gave the great battle net of Enlil to the leader of Umma and made him swear to him by it. The leader of Umma swore to Eannatum: ‘By the life of Enlil, king of heaven and earth! I may exploit the field of Ningirsu as an interest-bearing loan. I shall not destroy the irrigation channel! Forever and evermore, I shall not transgress the territory of Ningirsu! I shall not shift the course of its irrigation channels and canals! I shall not smash its monuments! Whenever I do transgress, may the great battle net of Enlil, king of heaven and earth, by which I have sworn, descend upon Umma’.” – The Stele of the Vultures  Original Episode Art by Mike Oeming:  https://michaelavonoeming.com  Map of SW Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A3_Map.png  Map of Sumer and Northern Syria (c. 2380 BC):  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A3_Sumer.png  Kings List:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A3_Kings.pdf  Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720326251557/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A3_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">688e77bc-135c-11f0-b410-8f902dc2df8d</guid><pubDate>Sun, 25 May 2025 10:15:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/66267897/arml8902253128.mp3" length="50298495" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b9ab0eea-46dc-4be6-9cd0-041f730c95ee/b9ab0eea-46dc-4be6-9cd0-041f730c95ee.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b9ab0eea-46dc-4be6-9cd0-041f730c95ee/b9ab0eea-46dc-4be6-9cd0-041f730c95ee.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/b9ab0eea-46dc-4be6-9cd0-041f730c95ee/b9ab0eea-46dc-4be6-9cd0-041f730c95ee.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: This episode covers the Early Dynastic Period in Sumer and northern Syria.  “Eannatum gave the great battle net of Enlil to the leader of Umma and made him swear to him by it. The leader of Umma swore to Eannatum: ‘By the life of Enlil, king...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: This episode covers the Early Dynastic Period in Sumer and northern Syria.  “Eannatum gave the great battle net of Enlil to the leader of Umma and made him swear to him by it. The leader of Umma swore to Eannatum: ‘By the life of Enlil, king of heaven and earth! I may exploit the field of Ningirsu as an interest-bearing loan. I shall not destroy the irrigation channel! Forever and evermore, I shall not transgress the territory of Ningirsu! I shall not shift the course of its irrigation channels and canals! I shall not smash its monuments! Whenever I do transgress, may the great battle net of Enlil, king of heaven and earth, by which I have sworn, descend upon Umma’.” – The Stele of the Vultures  Original Episode Art by Mike Oeming:  https://michaelavonoeming.com  Map of SW Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A3_Map.png  Map of Sumer and Northern Syria (c. 2380 BC):  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A3_Sumer.png  Kings List:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A3_Kings.pdf  Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720326251557/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A3_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>3127</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/c16d49297a18bcb3b157f281574625f0.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A2 - The First Royal House</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a2-the-first-royal-house--66037200</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: This episode covers the early civilizations of Egypt and the Caucasus region, including the Kura-Araxes and Maikop.  “In succession to the Spirits of the Dead and the Demigods, the Egyptians reckon the First Dynasty to consist of eight kings. Among these was Menes (Narmer), whose rule in Egypt was illustrious. I shall record the rulers of each race from the time of Menes. Their succession is as follows…” – Manetho’s Aegyptiaca, as quoted by Syncellus.  Map of SW Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A2_Map.png  Map of Egypt:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A2_Egypt.png  Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720325959543/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A2_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">5ea028ea-135c-11f0-ac21-379191b04ca7</guid><pubDate>Sun, 11 May 2025 10:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/66037200/arml9713580135.mp3" length="47395961" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/929396b0-0d0a-4550-adb7-e6e302897b9e/929396b0-0d0a-4550-adb7-e6e302897b9e.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/929396b0-0d0a-4550-adb7-e6e302897b9e/929396b0-0d0a-4550-adb7-e6e302897b9e.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/929396b0-0d0a-4550-adb7-e6e302897b9e/929396b0-0d0a-4550-adb7-e6e302897b9e.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: This episode covers the early civilizations of Egypt and the Caucasus region, including the Kura-Araxes and Maikop.  “In succession to the Spirits of the Dead and the Demigods, the Egyptians reckon the First Dynasty to consist of eight...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: This episode covers the early civilizations of Egypt and the Caucasus region, including the Kura-Araxes and Maikop.  “In succession to the Spirits of the Dead and the Demigods, the Egyptians reckon the First Dynasty to consist of eight kings. Among these was Menes (Narmer), whose rule in Egypt was illustrious. I shall record the rulers of each race from the time of Menes. Their succession is as follows…” – Manetho’s Aegyptiaca, as quoted by Syncellus.  Map of SW Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A2_Map.png  Map of Egypt:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A2_Egypt.png  Images:  https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720325959543/  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A2_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2945</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode A1 - The Four Quarters</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-a1-the-four-quarters--65760068</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: The launch of “The Ancient World – Ages”, a new series covering the Early Bronze Age Collapse (c. 2200 BC) and the remaking of Southwest Eurasia. We start things off with a discussion of the Ubaid and Uruk Periods of early Mesopotamia.  “After Anu, Enlil, Enki, and Ninhursag  Had fashioned the black-headed people,  Vegetation luxuriated from the earth,   Animals, four-legged creatures of the plain, were brought   artfully into existence.” – The Deluge Myth  Original Episode Art By:  https://michaelavonoeming.com  Map of Southwest Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A1_Map.png  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A1_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">5315ad42-135c-11f0-9747-b340d81c87de</guid><pubDate>Sun, 27 Apr 2025 07:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/65760068/arml8191827705.mp3" length="41885664" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/50ae1029-584b-4c6b-a277-822bcb15bfe5/50ae1029-584b-4c6b-a277-822bcb15bfe5.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/50ae1029-584b-4c6b-a277-822bcb15bfe5/50ae1029-584b-4c6b-a277-822bcb15bfe5.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/starship/50ae1029-584b-4c6b-a277-822bcb15bfe5/50ae1029-584b-4c6b-a277-822bcb15bfe5.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: The launch of “The Ancient World – Ages”, a new series covering the Early Bronze Age Collapse (c. 2200 BC) and the remaking of Southwest Eurasia. We start things off with a discussion of the Ubaid and Uruk Periods of early Mesopotamia....</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: The launch of “The Ancient World – Ages”, a new series covering the Early Bronze Age Collapse (c. 2200 BC) and the remaking of Southwest Eurasia. We start things off with a discussion of the Ubaid and Uruk Periods of early Mesopotamia.  “After Anu, Enlil, Enki, and Ninhursag  Had fashioned the black-headed people,  Vegetation luxuriated from the earth,   Animals, four-legged creatures of the plain, were brought   artfully into existence.” – The Deluge Myth  Original Episode Art By:  https://michaelavonoeming.com  Map of Southwest Eurasia:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A1_Map.png  References and Further Reading:  https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A1_References.pdf  Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast.   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2601</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/9bec92d7959bace7848b21d352a8f5b8.jpg"/><itunes:season>2</itunes:season><itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode S8 - Decumbo</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-s8-decumbo--60524662</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Part 2 of a two-part Spotlight series on the rise and fall of the Roman Emperor Galerius: refugee, herdsman, soldier, Caesar, Augustus, Tetrarch, conqueror, schemer, would-be ruler of the (Dacian?) Empire, and persecutor of the Christians. A rollicking Third Century romp inspired by my current residence in his former tetrarchal capital of Thessaloniki, Greece. “Galerius…was born to wipe out the disgrace incurred by Valerian’s capture.” – The Historia Augusta “Had I a hundred mouths, a hundred tongues, A voice of brass, and adamantine lungs, Not half the dreadful scene could I disclose.” – Lactantius, On the Deaths of the Persecutors ﻿Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/S8_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/S8_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">1059c554-087e-11ef-b994-a30f7838c98f</guid><pubDate>Thu, 27 Jun 2024 07:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/60524662/arml2013288459.mp3" length="34627618" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/9125703e-a027-4773-8c34-f78b643106c3/9125703e-a027-4773-8c34-f78b643106c3.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/9125703e-a027-4773-8c34-f78b643106c3/9125703e-a027-4773-8c34-f78b643106c3.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/9125703e-a027-4773-8c34-f78b643106c3/9125703e-a027-4773-8c34-f78b643106c3.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Part 2 of a two-part Spotlight series on the rise and fall of the Roman Emperor Galerius: refugee, herdsman, soldier, Caesar, Augustus, Tetrarch, conqueror, schemer, would-be ruler of the (Dacian?) Empire, and persecutor of the Christians. A...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Part 2 of a two-part Spotlight series on the rise and fall of the Roman Emperor Galerius: refugee, herdsman, soldier, Caesar, Augustus, Tetrarch, conqueror, schemer, would-be ruler of the (Dacian?) Empire, and persecutor of the Christians. A rollicking Third Century romp inspired by my current residence in his former tetrarchal capital of Thessaloniki, Greece. “Galerius…was born to wipe out the disgrace incurred by Valerian’s capture.” – The Historia Augusta “Had I a hundred mouths, a hundred tongues, A voice of brass, and adamantine lungs, Not half the dreadful scene could I disclose.” – Lactantius, On the Deaths of the Persecutors ﻿Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/S8_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/S8_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2156</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode S7 - Ascendo</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-s7-ascendo--60370344</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Part 1 of a two-part Spotlight series on the rise and fall of the Roman Emperor Galerius: refugee, herdsman, soldier, Caesar, Augustus, Tetrarch, conqueror, schemer, would-be ruler of the (Dacian?) Empire, and persecutor of the Christians. A rollicking Third Century romp inspired by my current residence in his former tetrarchal capital of Thessaloniki, Greece. “Galerius…(was) trained to arms in the severe school of Aurelian and Probus.” – Edward Gibbon, History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire “In this wild beast there dwelt a native barbarity and a savageness foreign to Roman blood; and no wonder, for his mother was born beyond the Danube.” – Lactantius, On the Deaths of the Persecutors Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/S7_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/S7_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">0660773c-087e-11ef-be8c-43afc3bc7005</guid><pubDate>Thu, 13 Jun 2024 07:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/60370344/arml8247338693.mp3" length="30419319" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/0d6bb7ae-22f0-4b87-94f5-b12dcd7208c2/0d6bb7ae-22f0-4b87-94f5-b12dcd7208c2.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/0d6bb7ae-22f0-4b87-94f5-b12dcd7208c2/0d6bb7ae-22f0-4b87-94f5-b12dcd7208c2.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/0d6bb7ae-22f0-4b87-94f5-b12dcd7208c2/0d6bb7ae-22f0-4b87-94f5-b12dcd7208c2.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Part 1 of a two-part Spotlight series on the rise and fall of the Roman Emperor Galerius: refugee, herdsman, soldier, Caesar, Augustus, Tetrarch, conqueror, schemer, would-be ruler of the (Dacian?) Empire, and persecutor of the Christians. A...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Part 1 of a two-part Spotlight series on the rise and fall of the Roman Emperor Galerius: refugee, herdsman, soldier, Caesar, Augustus, Tetrarch, conqueror, schemer, would-be ruler of the (Dacian?) Empire, and persecutor of the Christians. A rollicking Third Century romp inspired by my current residence in his former tetrarchal capital of Thessaloniki, Greece. “Galerius…(was) trained to arms in the severe school of Aurelian and Probus.” – Edward Gibbon, History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire “In this wild beast there dwelt a native barbarity and a savageness foreign to Roman blood; and no wonder, for his mother was born beyond the Danube.” – Lactantius, On the Deaths of the Persecutors Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/S7_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/S7_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1893</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C30 - The Death of Kings</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c30-the-death-of-kings--58159135</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Faced with a series of disloyal vassals, Sargon conquers the remaining Neo-Hittite kingdoms and absorbs them into his empire. The Cimmerian invasion of Anatolia leads to the deaths of two powerful kings. In their absence, the preservation of peace and stability falls to local rulers such as Azatiwadas of Quwe. “I am Azatiwadas, the Sun God’s man, servant of Tarhunzas, whom Awariku, king of Adanawa, made great. Tarhunzas made me mother and father to Adanawa, and I caused Adanawa to prosper. I extended the plain of Adanawa on the one hand towards the west and on the other hand toward the east, and in my days Adanawa had all good things, plentiness, and luxury. I filled the Paharean granaries, and I made horse upon horse, and I made army upon army, and I made shield upon shield, all with the help of Tarhunzas and the gods.” – Bilingual (Luwian/Phoenician) inscription of Azatiwadas, late 8th/early 7th century BC, recovered from the stone gates of his fortress at Azatiwadaya (Karatape-Aslantas, Turkiye).  Information on the Neo-Hittite fortress of Azatiwadaya (Karatepe-Aslantas, Turkiye): https://www.hittitemonuments.com/karatepe/ Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Anatolia: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Anatolia.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg List of Regional Kings: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C30_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C30_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C30_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">8c855c00-a597-11ee-9640-e3d886241103</guid><pubDate>Sun, 31 Dec 2023 08:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/58159135/arml5231644231.mp3" length="26370385" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/c9e5da2d-2bc4-4bed-a163-9e0539a96e5f/c9e5da2d-2bc4-4bed-a163-9e0539a96e5f.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/c9e5da2d-2bc4-4bed-a163-9e0539a96e5f/c9e5da2d-2bc4-4bed-a163-9e0539a96e5f.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/c9e5da2d-2bc4-4bed-a163-9e0539a96e5f/c9e5da2d-2bc4-4bed-a163-9e0539a96e5f.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Faced with a series of disloyal vassals, Sargon conquers the remaining Neo-Hittite kingdoms and absorbs them into his empire. The Cimmerian invasion of Anatolia leads to the deaths of two powerful kings. In their absence, the preservation of...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Faced with a series of disloyal vassals, Sargon conquers the remaining Neo-Hittite kingdoms and absorbs them into his empire. The Cimmerian invasion of Anatolia leads to the deaths of two powerful kings. In their absence, the preservation of peace and stability falls to local rulers such as Azatiwadas of Quwe. “I am Azatiwadas, the Sun God’s man, servant of Tarhunzas, whom Awariku, king of Adanawa, made great. Tarhunzas made me mother and father to Adanawa, and I caused Adanawa to prosper. I extended the plain of Adanawa on the one hand towards the west and on the other hand toward the east, and in my days Adanawa had all good things, plentiness, and luxury. I filled the Paharean granaries, and I made horse upon horse, and I made army upon army, and I made shield upon shield, all with the help of Tarhunzas and the gods.” – Bilingual (Luwian/Phoenician) inscription of Azatiwadas, late 8th/early 7th century BC, recovered from the stone gates of his fortress at Azatiwadaya (Karatape-Aslantas, Turkiye).  Information on the Neo-Hittite fortress of Azatiwadaya (Karatepe-Aslantas, Turkiye): https://www.hittitemonuments.com/karatepe/ Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Anatolia: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Anatolia.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg List of Regional Kings: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C30_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C30_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C30_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1639</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C29 - City of the Raven</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c29-city-of-the-raven--58034325</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Rusa of Urartu wins early victories against Assyrian armies, but his intrigues in the Zagros kingdom of Mannea earn him Sargon’s wrath. After a crushing defeat by Cimmerian invaders, Rusa’s unable to prevent Sargon’s destruction of his kingdom. “I caused there to be lamentation in the wide land Urartu and in all the mountains, and I made Rusa, their king, use flint blades, razors (and) scalpels to slash himself in mourning for as long as he lived. I made Musasir part of the territory of Assyria and assigned it to the authority of a eunuch of mine, the palace herald. The awesome splendor of the god Assur, my lord, overwhelmed Rusa, the Urartian, and so with his own iron dagger he stabbed himself in the heart like a pig and put an end to his life.” – The Annals of Sargon II Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of the Iron Age Zagros Mountains: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Zagros_Enhanced.jpg Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C29_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C29_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">7f74d55c-9ad1-11ee-b942-b7c3888b3880</guid><pubDate>Sun, 17 Dec 2023 08:10:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/58034325/arml1533703128.mp3" length="30888801" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/58477d82-0741-4a62-8643-c65975fb3a09/58477d82-0741-4a62-8643-c65975fb3a09.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/58477d82-0741-4a62-8643-c65975fb3a09/58477d82-0741-4a62-8643-c65975fb3a09.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/58477d82-0741-4a62-8643-c65975fb3a09/58477d82-0741-4a62-8643-c65975fb3a09.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Rusa of Urartu wins early victories against Assyrian armies, but his intrigues in the Zagros kingdom of Mannea earn him Sargon’s wrath. After a crushing defeat by Cimmerian invaders, Rusa’s unable to prevent Sargon’s destruction of his...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Rusa of Urartu wins early victories against Assyrian armies, but his intrigues in the Zagros kingdom of Mannea earn him Sargon’s wrath. After a crushing defeat by Cimmerian invaders, Rusa’s unable to prevent Sargon’s destruction of his kingdom. “I caused there to be lamentation in the wide land Urartu and in all the mountains, and I made Rusa, their king, use flint blades, razors (and) scalpels to slash himself in mourning for as long as he lived. I made Musasir part of the territory of Assyria and assigned it to the authority of a eunuch of mine, the palace herald. The awesome splendor of the god Assur, my lord, overwhelmed Rusa, the Urartian, and so with his own iron dagger he stabbed himself in the heart like a pig and put an end to his life.” – The Annals of Sargon II Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of the Iron Age Zagros Mountains: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Zagros_Enhanced.jpg Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C29_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C29_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1922</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C28 - The Fall of Carchemish</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c28-the-fall-of-carchemish--57890403</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: After defeating Syrian rebels at Qarqar and extending his dominion to the borders of Egypt, Sargon II labors to defend Tabal from the advances of Midas of Phrygia. Letters to Midas from Pisiri of Carchemish give Sargon a pretext to depose the Country Lord and annex his kingdom to Assyria. “In my fifth regnal year, Pisiri of the city Carchemish sinned against the treaty sworn by the great gods and repeatedly sent messages hostile to Assyria to Midas, king of the land Musku; he held me in contempt. I threw (Pisiri), together with his family, in iron fetters. I opened his palace, his treasure house. I carried off as booty 10 talents of refined gold, (and) 2,100 talents of silver, (along with) arhu-copper, tin, iron, elephant hides, elephant ivory, battle-gear, and the guilty people among the city Carchemish who had sided with (Pisiri), along with their possessions, and brought them to Assyria. I conscripted 50 chariots, 200 cavalry and 3,000 foot soldiers from among them and added them to my royal military contingent. I settled Assyrians in the city Carchemish and imposed the yoke of the god Assur, my lord, upon them.” – The Annals of Sargon II Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Anatolia: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Anatolia.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C27_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C28_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C28_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">26ca6fa6-8f97-11ee-98ff-570a262f5971</guid><pubDate>Sun, 03 Dec 2023 08:10:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/57890403/arml3517655364.mp3" length="36036841" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/a94613d5-3ef8-4525-a068-a714faf29c5e/a94613d5-3ef8-4525-a068-a714faf29c5e.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/a94613d5-3ef8-4525-a068-a714faf29c5e/a94613d5-3ef8-4525-a068-a714faf29c5e.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/a94613d5-3ef8-4525-a068-a714faf29c5e/a94613d5-3ef8-4525-a068-a714faf29c5e.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: After defeating Syrian rebels at Qarqar and extending his dominion to the borders of Egypt, Sargon II labors to defend Tabal from the advances of Midas of Phrygia. Letters to Midas from Pisiri of Carchemish give Sargon a pretext to depose...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: After defeating Syrian rebels at Qarqar and extending his dominion to the borders of Egypt, Sargon II labors to defend Tabal from the advances of Midas of Phrygia. Letters to Midas from Pisiri of Carchemish give Sargon a pretext to depose the Country Lord and annex his kingdom to Assyria. “In my fifth regnal year, Pisiri of the city Carchemish sinned against the treaty sworn by the great gods and repeatedly sent messages hostile to Assyria to Midas, king of the land Musku; he held me in contempt. I threw (Pisiri), together with his family, in iron fetters. I opened his palace, his treasure house. I carried off as booty 10 talents of refined gold, (and) 2,100 talents of silver, (along with) arhu-copper, tin, iron, elephant hides, elephant ivory, battle-gear, and the guilty people among the city Carchemish who had sided with (Pisiri), along with their possessions, and brought them to Assyria. I conscripted 50 chariots, 200 cavalry and 3,000 foot soldiers from among them and added them to my royal military contingent. I settled Assyrians in the city Carchemish and imposed the yoke of the god Assur, my lord, upon them.” – The Annals of Sargon II Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Anatolia: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Anatolia.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C27_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C28_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C28_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>2243</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C27 - True King</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c27-true-king--57708312</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Shalmaneser V succeeds his father to the thrones of Assyria and Babylonia, then deals with rebellions in Samaria and Tyre. But his reign is cut short by the violent coup of Sargon II. After losing his hold on Babylonia, Sargon marches west to confront a Syrian alliance under Yaubidi of Hamath. “With regard to the city Assur…Shalmaneser V, who did not revere the king of all the world, raised his hand against that city with evil intent…He oppressively imposed state service and corvee-duty upon its people and treated them as if they were of the lower class. At that time, the Enlil of the gods angrily overthrew his reign. As for me, Sargon…he exalted me and had me take hold of scepter, throne, and crown.” – The Assur Charter of Sargon II Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Anatolia: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Anatolia.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C27_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C27_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C27_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">f85ce9c6-363d-11ee-8869-ab389934b157</guid><pubDate>Sun, 19 Nov 2023 08:10:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/57708312/arml1268817938.mp3" length="27620811" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/f6a3378c-8305-4890-8ce5-0c355d94a3d9/f6a3378c-8305-4890-8ce5-0c355d94a3d9.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/f6a3378c-8305-4890-8ce5-0c355d94a3d9/f6a3378c-8305-4890-8ce5-0c355d94a3d9.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/f6a3378c-8305-4890-8ce5-0c355d94a3d9/f6a3378c-8305-4890-8ce5-0c355d94a3d9.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Shalmaneser V succeeds his father to the thrones of Assyria and Babylonia, then deals with rebellions in Samaria and Tyre. But his reign is cut short by the violent coup of Sargon II. After losing his hold on Babylonia, Sargon marches west...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Shalmaneser V succeeds his father to the thrones of Assyria and Babylonia, then deals with rebellions in Samaria and Tyre. But his reign is cut short by the violent coup of Sargon II. After losing his hold on Babylonia, Sargon marches west to confront a Syrian alliance under Yaubidi of Hamath. “With regard to the city Assur…Shalmaneser V, who did not revere the king of all the world, raised his hand against that city with evil intent…He oppressively imposed state service and corvee-duty upon its people and treated them as if they were of the lower class. At that time, the Enlil of the gods angrily overthrew his reign. As for me, Sargon…he exalted me and had me take hold of scepter, throne, and crown.” – The Assur Charter of Sargon II Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Anatolia: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Anatolia.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C27_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C27_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C27_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1717</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C26 - Damascus</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c26-damascus--57517213</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Tiglath-pileser crushes rebellions in Patin and Luash and annexes their territories to Assyria. King Rasyan of Aram-Damascus forms a coalition of southern kingdoms - including Israel, Edom, Phoenicia and Philistia - to challenge Assyrian dominance, but betrayal by allies and the brutal tenacity of Tiglath-pileser lead to his kingdom’s downfall. “I am Bar-Rakib the son of Panamuwa, king of Sam’al, servant of Tiglath-pileser the lord of the four quarters of the earth. Because of the righteousness of my father and my own righteousness, I was seated by my Lord Tiglath-pileser upon the throne of my father. The house of my father has profited more than anybody else, and I have been running at the wheel of my Lord, the king of Assyria, in the midst of mighty kings, possessors of silver and possessors of gold.” – Stele of King Bar-Rakib of Sam’al Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C25_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C26_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C26_References.pdf Thanks HelloFresh! Go to HelloFresh.com/ancientfree and use code ancientfree for FREE breakfast for life! One breakfast item per box while subscription is active Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">2f530966-798b-11ee-9bc0-b772615b9608</guid><pubDate>Sun, 05 Nov 2023 07:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/57517213/arml3496250741.mp3" length="31005546" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/d574b20a-1d7d-4c46-a6db-da700b967e90/d574b20a-1d7d-4c46-a6db-da700b967e90.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/d574b20a-1d7d-4c46-a6db-da700b967e90/d574b20a-1d7d-4c46-a6db-da700b967e90.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/d574b20a-1d7d-4c46-a6db-da700b967e90/d574b20a-1d7d-4c46-a6db-da700b967e90.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Tiglath-pileser crushes rebellions in Patin and Luash and annexes their territories to Assyria. King Rasyan of Aram-Damascus forms a coalition of southern kingdoms - including Israel, Edom, Phoenicia and Philistia - to challenge Assyrian...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Tiglath-pileser crushes rebellions in Patin and Luash and annexes their territories to Assyria. King Rasyan of Aram-Damascus forms a coalition of southern kingdoms - including Israel, Edom, Phoenicia and Philistia - to challenge Assyrian dominance, but betrayal by allies and the brutal tenacity of Tiglath-pileser lead to his kingdom’s downfall. “I am Bar-Rakib the son of Panamuwa, king of Sam’al, servant of Tiglath-pileser the lord of the four quarters of the earth. Because of the righteousness of my father and my own righteousness, I was seated by my Lord Tiglath-pileser upon the throne of my father. The house of my father has profited more than anybody else, and I have been running at the wheel of my Lord, the king of Assyria, in the midst of mighty kings, possessors of silver and possessors of gold.” – Stele of King Bar-Rakib of Sam’al Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C25_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C26_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C26_References.pdf Thanks HelloFresh! Go to HelloFresh.com/ancientfree and use code ancientfree for FREE breakfast for life! One breakfast item per box while subscription is active Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1929</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C25 - Arpad</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c25-arpad--57339894</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Matti’el of Arpad turns his back on the Treaty of Katikka and allies with Sarduri II of Urartu. The usurpation of Tiglath-pileser III heralds an Assyrian resurgence and the kingdom of Arpad’s destruction. “Matti’el the son of Attar-shumki (II) fomented a rebellion against Assyria and violated his loyalty oath. To the kings of Hatti and Urartu he sent hostile messages against Assyria and made the lands hostile. Sarduri of Urartu, Sulumal of Malatya and Tarhulara of Gurgum came to his aid.” – The Annals of Tiglath-pileser III Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C25_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C25_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C25_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">f82f6b4a-363d-11ee-8869-4b96fe5d6dc1</guid><pubDate>Sun, 22 Oct 2023 04:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/57339894/arml8312480096.mp3" length="28419618" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/6f1e80e2-8883-467f-b925-0a759321138c/6f1e80e2-8883-467f-b925-0a759321138c.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/6f1e80e2-8883-467f-b925-0a759321138c/6f1e80e2-8883-467f-b925-0a759321138c.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/6f1e80e2-8883-467f-b925-0a759321138c/6f1e80e2-8883-467f-b925-0a759321138c.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Matti’el of Arpad turns his back on the Treaty of Katikka and allies with Sarduri II of Urartu. The usurpation of Tiglath-pileser III heralds an Assyrian resurgence and the kingdom of Arpad’s destruction. “Matti’el the son of Attar-shumki...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Matti’el of Arpad turns his back on the Treaty of Katikka and allies with Sarduri II of Urartu. The usurpation of Tiglath-pileser III heralds an Assyrian resurgence and the kingdom of Arpad’s destruction. “Matti’el the son of Attar-shumki (II) fomented a rebellion against Assyria and violated his loyalty oath. To the kings of Hatti and Urartu he sent hostile messages against Assyria and made the lands hostile. Sarduri of Urartu, Sulumal of Malatya and Tarhulara of Gurgum came to his aid.” – The Annals of Tiglath-pileser III Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C25_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C25_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C25_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1767</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Update and Patreon Offer</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/update-and-patreon-offer--56754448</link><description><![CDATA[First off I wanted to let everyone know that I am deep into researching and writing the upcoming season of “The Ancient World – Carchemish.” It’s got lots of fun stuff: Tiglath-pileser III, Sargon II and - most importantly - the final demise of the Neo-Hittite and Aramean kingdoms. Just a really interesting period and I’m looking forward to sharing it with you. So keep an eye out for new Episodes starting around mid-October. I also wanted to update you all that there is a whole extra season of “The Ancient World – Carchemish” already available on the Patreon site. Over the past year I’ve produced 12 mini-Episodes – which basically equate to a full 6-episode season - running alongside the current series. They flesh out events in Babylonia, Phoenicia, Syria and the Zagros Mountains – and also include a fun 2-parter on the Libyan pharaohs of Egypt. The best part is you can have access to all of them at this very moment – along with new monthly mini-Episodes going forward – by signing up at the “Lugal” tier at www.patreon.com/TheAncientWorld. To sweeten the deal I’m doing a special Limited Time Offer: Sign up for a year at any level and I will shoot you a signed PDF script of your favorite episode from any season of the series. The offer’s only good through September 30, 2023 so please join up now to take advantage. That’s it for now. I’ll see you all again in October and thanks again for listening! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">723659be-500e-11ee-8fba-93460b515295</guid><pubDate>Sun, 10 Sep 2023 19:13:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/56754448/arml5047999379.mp3" length="2807153" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/4df1dbe7-155a-4788-b1c8-8ba1803d71ff/4df1dbe7-155a-4788-b1c8-8ba1803d71ff.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/4df1dbe7-155a-4788-b1c8-8ba1803d71ff/4df1dbe7-155a-4788-b1c8-8ba1803d71ff.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/4df1dbe7-155a-4788-b1c8-8ba1803d71ff/4df1dbe7-155a-4788-b1c8-8ba1803d71ff.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>First off I wanted to let everyone know that I am deep into researching and writing the upcoming season of “The Ancient World – Carchemish.” It’s got lots of fun stuff: Tiglath-pileser III, Sargon II and - most importantly - the final demise of the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[First off I wanted to let everyone know that I am deep into researching and writing the upcoming season of “The Ancient World – Carchemish.” It’s got lots of fun stuff: Tiglath-pileser III, Sargon II and - most importantly - the final demise of the Neo-Hittite and Aramean kingdoms. Just a really interesting period and I’m looking forward to sharing it with you. So keep an eye out for new Episodes starting around mid-October. I also wanted to update you all that there is a whole extra season of “The Ancient World – Carchemish” already available on the Patreon site. Over the past year I’ve produced 12 mini-Episodes – which basically equate to a full 6-episode season - running alongside the current series. They flesh out events in Babylonia, Phoenicia, Syria and the Zagros Mountains – and also include a fun 2-parter on the Libyan pharaohs of Egypt. The best part is you can have access to all of them at this very moment – along with new monthly mini-Episodes going forward – by signing up at the “Lugal” tier at www.patreon.com/TheAncientWorld. To sweeten the deal I’m doing a special Limited Time Offer: Sign up for a year at any level and I will shoot you a signed PDF script of your favorite episode from any season of the series. The offer’s only good through September 30, 2023 so please join up now to take advantage. That’s it for now. I’ll see you all again in October and thanks again for listening! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>167</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C24 - A Kingdom of Sand</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c24-a-kingdom-of-sand--56188395</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Sarduri II rules at the pinnacle of Urartian power, conquering lands from the Black Sea coast to the Zagros Mountains to the kingdoms of northern Syria. Matti’el of Arpad unifies Aramean lands north of Damascus then allies with Urartu against the Assyrians. His defeat by the mysterious ruler of KTK only results in a temporary setback, and an Assyrian Empire pressed on all fronts seems destined for imminent collapse. “I am the ruler Yariri - the prince beloved by the Storm God, Kubaba, Karhuha and the Sun. The gods have made me strong and exalted over Carchemish. I strengthened Carchemish and I exalted my lord’s house in Carchemish. I caused the river to pass (here)…I built the temple of the god of Harmana and I made my own statue...I brought up Kamani as a successor, wherefore I showed virtue above all kings. And I brought up his younger brothers, I let them in as brothers and I extended protection to them, the children of my lord Astiruwa.” – Yariri’s inscription on the Royal Buttress at Carchemish Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C24_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C24_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C24_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">395f5afe-d6e8-11ed-a038-a765aaf9c3e5</guid><pubDate>Sun, 23 Jul 2023 07:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/56188395/arml7364506386.mp3" length="27066868" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/d2766604-ebe5-406f-9ec3-be1d2adcbdf7/d2766604-ebe5-406f-9ec3-be1d2adcbdf7.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/d2766604-ebe5-406f-9ec3-be1d2adcbdf7/d2766604-ebe5-406f-9ec3-be1d2adcbdf7.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/d2766604-ebe5-406f-9ec3-be1d2adcbdf7/d2766604-ebe5-406f-9ec3-be1d2adcbdf7.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Sarduri II rules at the pinnacle of Urartian power, conquering lands from the Black Sea coast to the Zagros Mountains to the kingdoms of northern Syria. Matti’el of Arpad unifies Aramean lands north of Damascus then allies with Urartu...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Sarduri II rules at the pinnacle of Urartian power, conquering lands from the Black Sea coast to the Zagros Mountains to the kingdoms of northern Syria. Matti’el of Arpad unifies Aramean lands north of Damascus then allies with Urartu against the Assyrians. His defeat by the mysterious ruler of KTK only results in a temporary setback, and an Assyrian Empire pressed on all fronts seems destined for imminent collapse. “I am the ruler Yariri - the prince beloved by the Storm God, Kubaba, Karhuha and the Sun. The gods have made me strong and exalted over Carchemish. I strengthened Carchemish and I exalted my lord’s house in Carchemish. I caused the river to pass (here)…I built the temple of the god of Harmana and I made my own statue...I brought up Kamani as a successor, wherefore I showed virtue above all kings. And I brought up his younger brothers, I let them in as brothers and I extended protection to them, the children of my lord Astiruwa.” – Yariri’s inscription on the Royal Buttress at Carchemish Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C24_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C24_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C24_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1683</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C23 - Eclipse</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c23-eclipse--56039517</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: A siege by Adad-nirari’s subordinate, Nergal-Eresh, finally breaks the Damascene hold over southern Syria and Canaan. The Urartian kings Menua and Argishti press Assyria’s frontiers, even as they conquer and secure new territories in the Araxes River valley. In the reigns of Adad-nirari’s sons, the Empire is beset by plague, rebellions, and disturbing omens. “Through the god Haldi’s power, Argishti, son of Menua, speaks: a city for my power I erected, and gave it the name of Argishtihinli. The land around was never inhabited, nothing was established here, therefore I have led four canals from the Manu river, I had vineyards and orchards established, I have done good things here. I am Argishti, son of Menua, powerful king, the great king, the king of the Land Biai, the Lord of the city of Tushpa.” – Inscription of Argishti of Urartu Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C23_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C23_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">1958adf0-d6e8-11ed-833a-635ef05bcf20</guid><pubDate>Sun, 09 Jul 2023 07:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/56039517/arml1231416166.mp3" length="27348593" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/ea2abf86-4b4c-4e8e-bda6-8d5173c3e340/ea2abf86-4b4c-4e8e-bda6-8d5173c3e340.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/ea2abf86-4b4c-4e8e-bda6-8d5173c3e340/ea2abf86-4b4c-4e8e-bda6-8d5173c3e340.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/ea2abf86-4b4c-4e8e-bda6-8d5173c3e340/ea2abf86-4b4c-4e8e-bda6-8d5173c3e340.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: A siege by Adad-nirari’s subordinate, Nergal-Eresh, finally breaks the Damascene hold over southern Syria and Canaan. The Urartian kings Menua and Argishti press Assyria’s frontiers, even as they conquer and secure new territories in the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: A siege by Adad-nirari’s subordinate, Nergal-Eresh, finally breaks the Damascene hold over southern Syria and Canaan. The Urartian kings Menua and Argishti press Assyria’s frontiers, even as they conquer and secure new territories in the Araxes River valley. In the reigns of Adad-nirari’s sons, the Empire is beset by plague, rebellions, and disturbing omens. “Through the god Haldi’s power, Argishti, son of Menua, speaks: a city for my power I erected, and gave it the name of Argishtihinli. The land around was never inhabited, nothing was established here, therefore I have led four canals from the Manu river, I had vineyards and orchards established, I have done good things here. I am Argishti, son of Menua, powerful king, the great king, the king of the Land Biai, the Lord of the city of Tushpa.” – Inscription of Argishti of Urartu Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C23_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C23_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1700</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C22 - Shammuramat</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c22-shammuramat--54941329</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Emerging triumphant from civil war, Shamshi-Adad V devotes his energies to humbling Babylonia. Upon his death, his wife Shammuramat acts as regent for their son, Adad-nirari III, and both campaign across the Euphrates to confront a resurgent Arpad. Under its vigorous king Menua, Urartu begins the military conquests that would end with its regional dominance. “When Suppiluliuma, king of Kummuh, caused Adad-nirari, king of Assyria and Shammuramat, queen, to cross the Euphrates river; I smashed Attar-shumki, son of Hadram, of the city Arpad, together with eight kings, who were with him at the city Paqarhubunu, their boundary and land…In that year they put up this boundary stone between Suppiluliuma, king of Kummuh, and Halpartuntiya, son of Larama, king of Gurgum.’” – the Pazarcik Stele Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C22_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C22_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C22_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">f7c8a014-d6e7-11ed-b025-bfd4337d55ea</guid><pubDate>Sun, 25 Jun 2023 07:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54941329/arml6344343028.mp3" length="30146226" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/d4d7146c-fa6e-4574-a1b9-e51713bc9d83/d4d7146c-fa6e-4574-a1b9-e51713bc9d83.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/d4d7146c-fa6e-4574-a1b9-e51713bc9d83/d4d7146c-fa6e-4574-a1b9-e51713bc9d83.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/d4d7146c-fa6e-4574-a1b9-e51713bc9d83/d4d7146c-fa6e-4574-a1b9-e51713bc9d83.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Emerging triumphant from civil war, Shamshi-Adad V devotes his energies to humbling Babylonia. Upon his death, his wife Shammuramat acts as regent for their son, Adad-nirari III, and both campaign across the Euphrates to confront a resurgent...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Emerging triumphant from civil war, Shamshi-Adad V devotes his energies to humbling Babylonia. Upon his death, his wife Shammuramat acts as regent for their son, Adad-nirari III, and both campaign across the Euphrates to confront a resurgent Arpad. Under its vigorous king Menua, Urartu begins the military conquests that would end with its regional dominance. “When Suppiluliuma, king of Kummuh, caused Adad-nirari, king of Assyria and Shammuramat, queen, to cross the Euphrates river; I smashed Attar-shumki, son of Hadram, of the city Arpad, together with eight kings, who were with him at the city Paqarhubunu, their boundary and land…In that year they put up this boundary stone between Suppiluliuma, king of Kummuh, and Halpartuntiya, son of Larama, king of Gurgum.’” – the Pazarcik Stele Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C22_Kings_List.pdf Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C22_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C22_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1875</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C21 - Son of a Nobody</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c21-son-of-a-nobody--54232571</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: During Neo-Assyria’s absence from the region, King Hazael of Aram-Damascus forges an Aramean Empire that extends to the borders of Egypt. “And Hazael said, ‘Why does my lord weep?’ He answered, ‘Because I know the evil that you will do to the people of Israel. You will set on fire their fortresses, and you will kill their young men with the sword and dash in pieces their little ones and rip open their pregnant women.’” – 2 Kings 8:12, English Standard Bible Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C21_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C21_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">a6fb4f42-d6e7-11ed-a6dc-6b141ba5cbbc</guid><pubDate>Sun, 11 Jun 2023 07:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54232571/arml9738505310.mp3" length="26566652" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/26cb427c-ed0a-40af-aea4-f87fcebdb632/26cb427c-ed0a-40af-aea4-f87fcebdb632.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/26cb427c-ed0a-40af-aea4-f87fcebdb632/26cb427c-ed0a-40af-aea4-f87fcebdb632.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/26cb427c-ed0a-40af-aea4-f87fcebdb632/26cb427c-ed0a-40af-aea4-f87fcebdb632.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: During Neo-Assyria’s absence from the region, King Hazael of Aram-Damascus forges an Aramean Empire that extends to the borders of Egypt. “And Hazael said, ‘Why does my lord weep?’ He answered, ‘Because I know the evil that you will do to...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: During Neo-Assyria’s absence from the region, King Hazael of Aram-Damascus forges an Aramean Empire that extends to the borders of Egypt. “And Hazael said, ‘Why does my lord weep?’ He answered, ‘Because I know the evil that you will do to the people of Israel. You will set on fire their fortresses, and you will kill their young men with the sword and dash in pieces their little ones and rip open their pregnant women.’” – 2 Kings 8:12, English Standard Bible Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C21_Images.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C21_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1652</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C20 - Like a Fire</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c20-like-a-fire--54020801</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: In Shalmaneser’s final years, his eldest son – the crown prince Assur-danin-pal – enters into rebellion, while his younger son, Shamshi-Adad, struggles to defend his father’s legacy. “Where my brother Assur-danin-pal, in the time of Shalmaneser, his father, acted wickedly, bringing about sedition, rebellion, and wicked plotting, caused the land to rise in revolt, prepared for war, brought the people of Assyria, north and south, to his side, and made bold speeches, brought the cities into the rebellion and set his face to begin strife and battle… 27 cities, along with their fortifications… revolted against Shalmaneser, king of the four regions of the world, my father, and… had gone to the side of Assur-danin-pal.” – Annals of King Shamshi-Adad V Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C20_Images.pdf Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C19_C20_Kings_List.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C20_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">7687e956-d6e7-11ed-b699-4f6ef8d1b629</guid><pubDate>Sun, 28 May 2023 07:05:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/54020801/arml7542312600.mp3" length="30962497" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/dea5d3b0-22a3-4658-b8d4-14d117407765/dea5d3b0-22a3-4658-b8d4-14d117407765.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/dea5d3b0-22a3-4658-b8d4-14d117407765/dea5d3b0-22a3-4658-b8d4-14d117407765.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/dea5d3b0-22a3-4658-b8d4-14d117407765/dea5d3b0-22a3-4658-b8d4-14d117407765.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: In Shalmaneser’s final years, his eldest son – the crown prince Assur-danin-pal – enters into rebellion, while his younger son, Shamshi-Adad, struggles to defend his father’s legacy. “Where my brother Assur-danin-pal, in the time of...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: In Shalmaneser’s final years, his eldest son – the crown prince Assur-danin-pal – enters into rebellion, while his younger son, Shamshi-Adad, struggles to defend his father’s legacy. “Where my brother Assur-danin-pal, in the time of Shalmaneser, his father, acted wickedly, bringing about sedition, rebellion, and wicked plotting, caused the land to rise in revolt, prepared for war, brought the people of Assyria, north and south, to his side, and made bold speeches, brought the cities into the rebellion and set his face to begin strife and battle… 27 cities, along with their fortifications… revolted against Shalmaneser, king of the four regions of the world, my father, and… had gone to the side of Assur-danin-pal.” – Annals of King Shamshi-Adad V Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C20_Images.pdf Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C19_C20_Kings_List.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C20_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1926</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode C19 - The Anointed</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-c19-the-anointed--53854116</link><description><![CDATA[Synopsis: Hazael of Aram-Damascus and Jehu of Israel bring desolation to the house of Omri. After decades of leading Assyrian campaigns, Shalmaneser III dispatches his turtanu, Dayan-Assur, to fight the newly-formed kingdom of Urartu. “And the Lord said unto (Elijah), Go, return on thy way to the wilderness of Damascus: And then thou comest, anoint Hazael to be king over Syria: And Jehu the son of Nimshi shalt thou anoint to be king over Israel:… And it shall come to pass, that him that escapeth the sword of Hazael shall Jehu slay.” – 1 Kings 19: 15-17 Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C19_Images.pdf Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C19_C20_Kings_List.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C19_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">5df9f906-d6e7-11ed-b77b-afb3ee8348c7</guid><pubDate>Sun, 14 May 2023 07:01:00 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/53854116/arml3147152864.mp3" length="29534060" type="audio/mpeg"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/78343696-bcd4-4561-9add-9fca3007a6ea/78343696-bcd4-4561-9add-9fca3007a6ea.srt" type="application/x-subrip" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/78343696-bcd4-4561-9add-9fca3007a6ea/78343696-bcd4-4561-9add-9fca3007a6ea.txt" type="text/plain" language="en"/><podcast:transcript url="https://transcription.spreaker.com/sounder/78343696-bcd4-4561-9add-9fca3007a6ea/78343696-bcd4-4561-9add-9fca3007a6ea.vtt" type="text/vtt" language="en"/><itunes:author>Cockcroach Clan</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Synopsis: Hazael of Aram-Damascus and Jehu of Israel bring desolation to the house of Omri. After decades of leading Assyrian campaigns, Shalmaneser III dispatches his turtanu, Dayan-Assur, to fight the newly-formed kingdom of Urartu. “And the Lord...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Synopsis: Hazael of Aram-Damascus and Jehu of Israel bring desolation to the house of Omri. After decades of leading Assyrian campaigns, Shalmaneser III dispatches his turtanu, Dayan-Assur, to fight the newly-formed kingdom of Urartu. “And the Lord said unto (Elijah), Go, return on thy way to the wilderness of Damascus: And then thou comest, anoint Hazael to be king over Syria: And Jehu the son of Nimshi shalt thou anoint to be king over Israel:… And it shall come to pass, that him that escapeth the sword of Hazael shall Jehu slay.” – 1 Kings 19: 15-17 Map of the Iron Age Near East: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Near_East.jpg Map of Iron Age Northern Syria: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Syria.jpg Map of Iron Age Southern Syria and Canaan: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/Map_Canaan.jpg Episode Images: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C19_Images.pdf Regional Kings List: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C19_C20_Kings_List.pdf References and Further Reading: https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/C19_References.pdf Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>1837</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/fd432f60dc912db0a6d1305e99bedb83.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item></channel></rss>
