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<rss xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:podcast="https://podcastindex.org/namespace/1.0" xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" version="2.0"><channel><title>Discovering New York City. Downtown and Midtown (2nd part)</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/discovering-new-york-city-downtown-and-midtown-2nd-part--4724151</link><description><![CDATA[Welcome to New York!In this megalopolis it is impossible to get around to all the interesting places in one day.  Therefore, today we offer you the chance to walk around that part of the city which is called Downtown.  It is precisely here that the financial power of the American nation is concentrated.  The New York Stock Exchange and the Federal Reserve Bank are both located here.  In this part of the city it is possible to see many things which are the symbols of New York itself and also of all of America- the Brooklyn bridge, Wall Street and the Statue of Liberty.  Museums and plazas will present themselves to you along the way and you will be able to immerse yourself in the history of this place and to come in contact with its artifacts.  In this part of the city in 2001 occurred the tragic events of 11 September which shocked all humanity.  We will take you to those places which were the epicenter of this events, and visit the memorial to the victims of the attack of September 11.Licenses:Photo Financial District by Daniele Pieroni is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0 _______Podcast based on audio guide Discovering New York City. Downtown and Midtown (2nd part) Author: Travel Communications In the podcast format you may enjoy stories remotely; if you go out and experience the audio tour on location it is adviced to use the izi.TRAVEL application that really guides you and plays stories automaticly based on your position]]></description><atom:link href="https://www.spreaker.com/show/4724151/episodes/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><language>en</language><category>Society &amp; Culture</category><copyright>Copyright izi Distribution Services</copyright><image><url>https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg</url><title>Discovering New York City. Downtown and Midtown (2nd part)</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/discovering-new-york-city-downtown-and-midtown-2nd-part--4724151</link></image><lastBuildDate>Wed, 05 Apr 2023 23:42:40 +0000</lastBuildDate><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:owner><itunes:name>izi Distribution Services</itunes:name><itunes:email>feeds@spreaker.com</itunes:email></itunes:owner><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:subtitle>Welcome to New York!In this megalopolis it is impossible to get around to all the interesting places in one day.  Therefore, today we offer you the chance to walk around that part of the city which is called Downtown.  It is precisely here that the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Welcome to New York!In this megalopolis it is impossible to get around to all the interesting places in one day.  Therefore, today we offer you the chance to walk around that part of the city which is called Downtown.  It is precisely here that the financial power of the American nation is concentrated.  The New York Stock Exchange and the Federal Reserve Bank are both located here.  In this part of the city it is possible to see many things which are the symbols of New York itself and also of all of America- the Brooklyn bridge, Wall Street and the Statue of Liberty.  Museums and plazas will present themselves to you along the way and you will be able to immerse yourself in the history of this place and to come in contact with its artifacts.  In this part of the city in 2001 occurred the tragic events of 11 September which shocked all humanity.  We will take you to those places which were the epicenter of this events, and visit the memorial to the victims of the attack of September 11.Licenses:Photo Financial District by Daniele Pieroni is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0 _______Podcast based on audio guide Discovering New York City. Downtown and Midtown (2nd part) Author: Travel Communications In the podcast format you may enjoy stories remotely; if you go out and experience the audio tour on location it is adviced to use the izi.TRAVEL application that really guides you and plays stories automaticly based on your position]]></itunes:summary><itunes:category text="Society &amp; Culture"/><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:type>episodic</itunes:type><item><title>Episode 26: High Line Park</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-26-high-line-park--42629414</link><description><![CDATA[You are standing in front of a 1.45 mile long elevated section of a no longer used railroad spur.  In the middle of the last century elevated spurs of the metro seemed to be a great accomplishment of engineering progress.  But as time went on and the elevated spurs grew old, it was closed.  With time the abandoned elevated began to rust and was threatened with destruction. Then local groups organized a group who took an active participation in its resurrection.  But the resurrection was unusual.  The old elevated railroad spur was turned into an attractive suspended park, 1.6 km long.  At a height of 10 meters there are green lawns, rest areas with chaise lounges, and floral compositions.Walk through the park - you will have an unforgettable experience.With this we conclude this excursion.  Thank you for having used our audio-guide.Farewell, until we meet again.Photo High Line Park - New York City - July 09 by David Berkowitz is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">dd4f04a0-b8cd-40b8-ac45-e024e20365e1</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:38:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629414/464fa5f6_912e_4a57_af1d_aae0dfa065be.mp3" length="823796" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>You are standing in front of a 1.45 mile long elevated section of a no longer used railroad spur.  In the middle of the last century elevated spurs of the metro seemed to be a great accomplishment of engineering progress.  But as time went on and the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[You are standing in front of a 1.45 mile long elevated section of a no longer used railroad spur.  In the middle of the last century elevated spurs of the metro seemed to be a great accomplishment of engineering progress.  But as time went on and the elevated spurs grew old, it was closed.  With time the abandoned elevated began to rust and was threatened with destruction. Then local groups organized a group who took an active participation in its resurrection.  But the resurrection was unusual.  The old elevated railroad spur was turned into an attractive suspended park, 1.6 km long.  At a height of 10 meters there are green lawns, rest areas with chaise lounges, and floral compositions.Walk through the park - you will have an unforgettable experience.With this we conclude this excursion.  Thank you for having used our audio-guide.Farewell, until we meet again.Photo High Line Park - New York City - July 09 by David Berkowitz is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>52</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 25: The Rubin Museum of Art</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-25-the-rubin-museum-of-art--42629408</link><description><![CDATA[To your left is the Rubin Museum of Art - a museum of Himalayan and Tibetan art.  This museum is the largest institution in the United States concerned with the art of Tibet and the Himalayas and its influences on the art of Mongolia, India and Eastern Asia.  The basis of the museum collection was the private collection of works of art of Tibet and the Himalayas of Donald Rubin.  He began to collect these works of art together with his wife, Shelley, beginning in 1974. The first piece obtained for the collection was the tanka - the white tare.  A tanka is a picture on religious themes painted with adhesive paints onto cloth.  On these can be seen fanged gods, skins of elephants, necklaces from shells and much more.  In 1998 the Rubins acquired the building of the bankrupt Barney's Department store to house the collection and museum.   The building was completely rebuilt for the museum.  Only the original spiral staircase was preserved.Today in the museum stores there are 2,000 exhibits: sculpture, textiles, paintings, ritual object, manuscripts, graphic papers and other things.Photo NZA_0714 by Edward Blake is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">c0b4c043-2701-4267-bcda-c153d7745b13</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:37:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629408/10081872_6f83_4998_bfc6_5d8bd71949a7.mp3" length="988472" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>To your left is the Rubin Museum of Art - a museum of Himalayan and Tibetan art.  This museum is the largest institution in the United States concerned with the art of Tibet and the Himalayas and its influences on the art of Mongolia, India and...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[To your left is the Rubin Museum of Art - a museum of Himalayan and Tibetan art.  This museum is the largest institution in the United States concerned with the art of Tibet and the Himalayas and its influences on the art of Mongolia, India and Eastern Asia.  The basis of the museum collection was the private collection of works of art of Tibet and the Himalayas of Donald Rubin.  He began to collect these works of art together with his wife, Shelley, beginning in 1974. The first piece obtained for the collection was the tanka - the white tare.  A tanka is a picture on religious themes painted with adhesive paints onto cloth.  On these can be seen fanged gods, skins of elephants, necklaces from shells and much more.  In 1998 the Rubins acquired the building of the bankrupt Barney's Department store to house the collection and museum.   The building was completely rebuilt for the museum.  Only the original spiral staircase was preserved.Today in the museum stores there are 2,000 exhibits: sculpture, textiles, paintings, ritual object, manuscripts, graphic papers and other things.Photo NZA_0714 by Edward Blake is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>62</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 24: Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace Museum</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-24-theodore-roosevelt-birthplace-museum--42629410</link><description><![CDATA[To your left is a small brown colored house.  As a house it is not very significant.  But in this house in 1858 the famous politician and 26th president of the United States, Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt was born.Unfortunately, the original building was demolished because of dilapidation and in 1919 - the year of Roosevelt's death - a new one was rebuilt.  In the house there are 5 rooms dedicated to the various periods of the life of Roosevelt.A half-hour long film which you can see at the beginning of the museum discusses the early years of the life of the future president.  In those years, little Teddy had poor health and received an education at home. In the exhibits of the museum are things belonging to the Roosevelt family and other exhibits concerning that era.  Special interest is taken in the exhibit of the glasses case which saved the life of Theodore Roosevelt at the time of an assassination attempt on 14 October 1912.  He was shot just before giving an election speech at a Milwaukee hotel.  Because of the thick text for the 90 minute speech and the glasses case in his pocket, the bullet did not strike any vital organ.  The president finished the speech with the bullet in his breast where it remained for the rest of his life. You may if you wish, take a free excursion through the museum.Photo Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace from west by Beyond My Ken is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">c91c42d0-7325-4cf4-8a17-b306610bb7b7</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:36:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629410/512b5dc9_b9e8_481d_bc2d_00aaaa7172da.mp3" length="1130996" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>To your left is a small brown colored house.  As a house it is not very significant.  But in this house in 1858 the famous politician and 26th president of the United States, Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt was born.Unfortunately, the original building was...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[To your left is a small brown colored house.  As a house it is not very significant.  But in this house in 1858 the famous politician and 26th president of the United States, Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt was born.Unfortunately, the original building was demolished because of dilapidation and in 1919 - the year of Roosevelt's death - a new one was rebuilt.  In the house there are 5 rooms dedicated to the various periods of the life of Roosevelt.A half-hour long film which you can see at the beginning of the museum discusses the early years of the life of the future president.  In those years, little Teddy had poor health and received an education at home. In the exhibits of the museum are things belonging to the Roosevelt family and other exhibits concerning that era.  Special interest is taken in the exhibit of the glasses case which saved the life of Theodore Roosevelt at the time of an assassination attempt on 14 October 1912.  He was shot just before giving an election speech at a Milwaukee hotel.  Because of the thick text for the 90 minute speech and the glasses case in his pocket, the bullet did not strike any vital organ.  The president finished the speech with the bullet in his breast where it remained for the rest of his life. You may if you wish, take a free excursion through the museum.Photo Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace from west by Beyond My Ken is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>71</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 23: Union Square</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-23-union-square--42629409</link><description><![CDATA[We are now located at Union Square.  The square was built in the 1830's.  It was built at the "union" of several main roads- hence the name.  Later the Square obtained another notoriety - it became the place for political demonstrations and protests.  For instance, at the time of the Great Depression 35,000 jobless men gathered here in a demonstration to demand work.  In the central part of the Square are monuments to famous people: Abraham Lincoln, Marquis de Lafayette, and Mahatma Gandhi.  The most striking monument is the bronze statue of George Washington - the first monument erected in New York after independence from Britain.Four times a week the square is opened for a farmer's market, attracting residents and tourists with its choice produce: maple syrup candies, Amish cheeses, fresh mollusks and many other things.   You should try to go there and enjoy some of the produce!Photo Union Square . . . by David Robert Bliwas is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">3c4a614c-96f7-4f1a-996d-4229b8fd55ff</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:35:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629409/de178cb8_2d5e_480a_97a3_88786a87070a.mp3" length="776567" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>We are now located at Union Square.  The square was built in the 1830's.  It was built at the "union" of several main roads- hence the name.  Later the Square obtained another notoriety - it became the place for political demonstrations and protests. ...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[We are now located at Union Square.  The square was built in the 1830's.  It was built at the "union" of several main roads- hence the name.  Later the Square obtained another notoriety - it became the place for political demonstrations and protests.  For instance, at the time of the Great Depression 35,000 jobless men gathered here in a demonstration to demand work.  In the central part of the Square are monuments to famous people: Abraham Lincoln, Marquis de Lafayette, and Mahatma Gandhi.  The most striking monument is the bronze statue of George Washington - the first monument erected in New York after independence from Britain.Four times a week the square is opened for a farmer's market, attracting residents and tourists with its choice produce: maple syrup candies, Amish cheeses, fresh mollusks and many other things.   You should try to go there and enjoy some of the produce!Photo Union Square . . . by David Robert Bliwas is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>49</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 22: The New Museum of Contemporary Art</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-22-the-new-museum-of-contemporary-art--42629411</link><description><![CDATA[To your right is the building of the New Museum of Contemporary Art.  The very building is striking and surprising in itself.  It is possible that you, like many others, are asking yourself the question, "How do these concrete pieces stay together and not fall?"  Of course explanation is engineering.  The building of the museum was built by the design of the Japanese architectural firm SANAA.  The building is unique not only in its external appearance.  Notice that there are practically no windows. In the evening after sunset inside the great Hall thousands of lamps are lit and it seems that the large building is hung on a pillow of light.The museum was founded in 1977 by Marcia Tucker who had worked as the curator of paintings and sculpture in the Whitney Museum of American Art.The collection of the museum has art works created from the end of the 20th Century to the beginning of the 21st Century.  Every year in the New Museum there are no less than 6 large exhibits and include several personal exhibitions.Here you can find works of Jeff Koons, Ana Mendieta, William Kentridge and Andrea Zittel.Photo The New Museum of Contemporary Art by Jules Antonio is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">17506ee9-3fd1-453b-9753-a009e5f83beb</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:34:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629411/8a169f16_f602_4063_b687_b35df3c2dcc5.mp3" length="976351" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>To your right is the building of the New Museum of Contemporary Art.  The very building is striking and surprising in itself.  It is possible that you, like many others, are asking yourself the question, "How do these concrete pieces stay together and...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[To your right is the building of the New Museum of Contemporary Art.  The very building is striking and surprising in itself.  It is possible that you, like many others, are asking yourself the question, "How do these concrete pieces stay together and not fall?"  Of course explanation is engineering.  The building of the museum was built by the design of the Japanese architectural firm SANAA.  The building is unique not only in its external appearance.  Notice that there are practically no windows. In the evening after sunset inside the great Hall thousands of lamps are lit and it seems that the large building is hung on a pillow of light.The museum was founded in 1977 by Marcia Tucker who had worked as the curator of paintings and sculpture in the Whitney Museum of American Art.The collection of the museum has art works created from the end of the 20th Century to the beginning of the 21st Century.  Every year in the New Museum there are no less than 6 large exhibits and include several personal exhibitions.Here you can find works of Jeff Koons, Ana Mendieta, William Kentridge and Andrea Zittel.Photo The New Museum of Contemporary Art by Jules Antonio is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>61</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 21: Little Italy, Italian American Museum</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-21-little-italy-italian-american-museum--42629412</link><description><![CDATA[On your right side is the Italian American Museum.  The museum is located in a former bank which had been established on Mulberry Street in 1885.  The bank fulfilled not only basic banking functions but also was a link uniting immigrants with relatives who had stayed in Italy.  In the bank building were also located a telegraph office, a post office and a tourist office.The museum opened its doors to visitors in 2001.  The exhibits of the museum relate to the history of Italians in America.  Having visited the museum, you will be able to plunge yourself into the history of Little Italy, its distinctive atmosphere brought by Italians from their distant homeland.The museum we have just mentioned is not located here by accident.  Around Mulberry street is an area called Little Italy.  The borders of Little Italy in prior times came up against those of Chinatown.  At the end of the 19th century the region was bigger, because through the Immigration Center on Ellis Island the greatest percentage of immigrants were Italians.  There were more than 2.5 million of them.On the streets of Little Italy drift aromas of coffee, salami and pizza.  The facades of buildings and the street lights are decorated with the national colors of Italy - red, white and green.  If you have come to New York in September, you must visit Little Italy on 19 September.  On that day neighborhood joyously celebrates the feast day of St. Januarius.  The statue of Saint Januarius is carried reverently through the main streets of the region for the next ten days of the festival and Little Italy is turned into a bustling carnival sea. In the years of the Great Depression all the famous Mafiosi of New York lived in Little Italy and most liked to spend a great deal of time in Umberto's Clam restaurant  (178 Mulberry Street).  The atmosphere of the Italian district is well shown in the films The Godfather, The Godfather 2 and Mean Streets.  Additionally in the film, The Godfather 2 it is possible to see the Immigration Center on Ellis Island.Photo Little Italy by Nikolas Moya is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">e45f3f5f-6da7-4e49-b89a-a3d131e7f285</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:33:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629412/fca1d004_4fec_4d78_9c99_e5f7e4028508.mp3" length="1687718" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>On your right side is the Italian American Museum.  The museum is located in a former bank which had been established on Mulberry Street in 1885.  The bank fulfilled not only basic banking functions but also was a link uniting immigrants with...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[On your right side is the Italian American Museum.  The museum is located in a former bank which had been established on Mulberry Street in 1885.  The bank fulfilled not only basic banking functions but also was a link uniting immigrants with relatives who had stayed in Italy.  In the bank building were also located a telegraph office, a post office and a tourist office.The museum opened its doors to visitors in 2001.  The exhibits of the museum relate to the history of Italians in America.  Having visited the museum, you will be able to plunge yourself into the history of Little Italy, its distinctive atmosphere brought by Italians from their distant homeland.The museum we have just mentioned is not located here by accident.  Around Mulberry street is an area called Little Italy.  The borders of Little Italy in prior times came up against those of Chinatown.  At the end of the 19th century the region was bigger, because through the Immigration Center on Ellis Island the greatest percentage of immigrants were Italians.  There were more than 2.5 million of them.On the streets of Little Italy drift aromas of coffee, salami and pizza.  The facades of buildings and the street lights are decorated with the national colors of Italy - red, white and green.  If you have come to New York in September, you must visit Little Italy on 19 September.  On that day neighborhood joyously celebrates the feast day of St. Januarius.  The statue of Saint Januarius is carried reverently through the main streets of the region for the next ten days of the festival and Little Italy is turned into a bustling carnival sea. In the years of the Great Depression all the famous Mafiosi of New York lived in Little Italy and most liked to spend a great deal of time in Umberto's Clam restaurant  (178 Mulberry Street).  The atmosphere of the Italian district is well shown in the films The Godfather, The Godfather 2 and Mean Streets.  Additionally in the film, The Godfather 2 it is possible to see the Immigration Center on Ellis Island.Photo Little Italy by Nikolas Moya is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>106</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 20: Chinatown</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-20-chinatown--42629413</link><description><![CDATA[Together we have entered New York Chinatown.  It is one of the largest enclaves of Chinese outside of Asia.  The population is approximately 150,000.There are records that the first Chinese arrived in New York in 1825.  Within 35 years in lower Manhattan there are already 150 Chinese working as cooks, sailors and salesmen. Several of them maintained cheap hotels or flop houses.  After the construction of the Pacific Ocean Railroad several thousand Asians settled here, having worked on the construction of the railroad.  They settled basically in the Five Corners neighborhood in these flophouses of which today nothing remains.  This was the poorest region of the city.  The cheap labor force came into competition with Americans already living there.In order to better imagine the character and life of this period, it is worth seeing the film by director Martin Scorsese, the Gangs of New York, about the Five Corners neighborhood in 1863. At the time of economic decline in the 1870's there occurred anti-Chinese demonstrations.  Because of these, a law preventing the immigration of Chinese was enacted, the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.  The act was strengthened several times.  Therefore, the largest portion of the new immigrants began to move to the United States only after the Second World War and the repeal of the Exclusion Act in 1943. In the early 1890's this region was the site of real gang wars between Chinese gangs or tongs;  which ended only by the intervention of the police.Now this is an extraordinarily interesting neighborhood.  As it has happens, many of its inhabitants never learned English and never leave Chinatown.  More than 600 businesses and more than 300 restaurants provide work to the inhabitants of Chinatown.  Here there are halls for playing mahjong, pharmacies selling Chinese herbal medicines and special banks.Chinatown is fairly large and we are going with you only along one of its main streets.  If you want to stroll through it further, you should definitely visit Mott Street - it was on this street that the first Chinese settled.  The most interesting part of Chinatown is located at Grand Street and Canal Street.  Here you will be immersed in the atmosphere of Chinese and Vietnamese stores with golden decorations, and souvenirs including imitation Louis Vuitton fashion-ware.   On Baxter and Elizabeth Streets you will find stores filled with fish candies, dried squid, sea weeds, beaver paws, green tea and unusual sauces.  In the fish shops can be found an amazing variety of fish, and even barrels of live frogs and turtles.Photo Facade in Chinatown, New York by Martin Solli is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">ae5a1635-3903-4335-894f-042890feaa7d</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:32:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629413/51baa780_48c8_47ce_909c_d924c554713a.mp3" length="2277876" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Together we have entered New York Chinatown.  It is one of the largest enclaves of Chinese outside of Asia.  The population is approximately 150,000.There are records that the first Chinese arrived in New York in 1825.  Within 35 years in lower...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Together we have entered New York Chinatown.  It is one of the largest enclaves of Chinese outside of Asia.  The population is approximately 150,000.There are records that the first Chinese arrived in New York in 1825.  Within 35 years in lower Manhattan there are already 150 Chinese working as cooks, sailors and salesmen. Several of them maintained cheap hotels or flop houses.  After the construction of the Pacific Ocean Railroad several thousand Asians settled here, having worked on the construction of the railroad.  They settled basically in the Five Corners neighborhood in these flophouses of which today nothing remains.  This was the poorest region of the city.  The cheap labor force came into competition with Americans already living there.In order to better imagine the character and life of this period, it is worth seeing the film by director Martin Scorsese, the Gangs of New York, about the Five Corners neighborhood in 1863. At the time of economic decline in the 1870's there occurred anti-Chinese demonstrations.  Because of these, a law preventing the immigration of Chinese was enacted, the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.  The act was strengthened several times.  Therefore, the largest portion of the new immigrants began to move to the United States only after the Second World War and the repeal of the Exclusion Act in 1943. In the early 1890's this region was the site of real gang wars between Chinese gangs or tongs;  which ended only by the intervention of the police.Now this is an extraordinarily interesting neighborhood.  As it has happens, many of its inhabitants never learned English and never leave Chinatown.  More than 600 businesses and more than 300 restaurants provide work to the inhabitants of Chinatown.  Here there are halls for playing mahjong, pharmacies selling Chinese herbal medicines and special banks.Chinatown is fairly large and we are going with you only along one of its main streets.  If you want to stroll through it further, you should definitely visit Mott Street - it was on this street that the first Chinese settled.  The most interesting part of Chinatown is located at Grand Street and Canal Street.  Here you will be immersed in the atmosphere of Chinese and Vietnamese stores with golden decorations, and souvenirs including imitation Louis Vuitton fashion-ware.   On Baxter and Elizabeth Streets you will find stores filled with fish candies, dried squid, sea weeds, beaver paws, green tea and unusual sauces.  In the fish shops can be found an amazing variety of fish, and even barrels of live frogs and turtles.Photo Facade in Chinatown, New York by Martin Solli is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>143</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 19: New York City Hall</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-19-new-york-city-hall--42629415</link><description><![CDATA[In front of you is the building of the New York City Hall.  The first city hall was built by the Dutch in the middle of the 17th century for New Amsterdam.  Later, the city hall at the beginning of the 18th century was housed in the new administrative building on Wall Street, now called Federal Hall.  We have already discussed this building with you.  But several years later in 1810  a decision was to taken to build a new building for the City Hall.A competition for design was announced and was won by two talented architects, the American John McComb, Jr.  and the Frenchman Joseph Francois Mangin.  For their best submission, they received the enormous prize of 350 dollars.  The administration of the city moved into the new building in 1812. Now excursions are held in City Hall, in which you will be able to see the grand marble hall, the office of the governor and admire the panoramic view of the Brooklyn Bridge.Photo New York - City Hall by Roger W is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">8c12a630-498c-4bdb-82c9-6c95e2b1f605</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:31:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629415/c84656d6_0472_45c6_938e_a59f52e8ad0e.mp3" length="743130" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>In front of you is the building of the New York City Hall.  The first city hall was built by the Dutch in the middle of the 17th century for New Amsterdam.  Later, the city hall at the beginning of the 18th century was housed in the new administrative...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[In front of you is the building of the New York City Hall.  The first city hall was built by the Dutch in the middle of the 17th century for New Amsterdam.  Later, the city hall at the beginning of the 18th century was housed in the new administrative building on Wall Street, now called Federal Hall.  We have already discussed this building with you.  But several years later in 1810  a decision was to taken to build a new building for the City Hall.A competition for design was announced and was won by two talented architects, the American John McComb, Jr.  and the Frenchman Joseph Francois Mangin.  For their best submission, they received the enormous prize of 350 dollars.  The administration of the city moved into the new building in 1812. Now excursions are held in City Hall, in which you will be able to see the grand marble hall, the office of the governor and admire the panoramic view of the Brooklyn Bridge.Photo New York - City Hall by Roger W is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>47</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 18: Woolworth Building</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-18-woolworth-building--42629419</link><description><![CDATA[Turn around and look behind.  Alongside the pedestrian crosswalk by which you crossed the street rises the impressive skyscraper, the Woolworth building. The building was completed in 1913 commissioned by F. W. Woolworth. Perhaps the person of Frank Woolworth is even more impressive than the building.  He was a "self made man" as they say.  The unique feature of his personality is that his deficiency - an intense bashfulness - was turned into an advantage.  This is what happened.  Woolworth was born and grew up in the country but at age 21 he decided that country life was not for him and he wanted something bigger.  From his parent's home he went to the small town of Watertown, New York and found work as a salesman in a small store.  But unfortunately, Frank was completely inappropriate for the job of a salesman.  He was very bashful, diffident and often severely stuttered.  The owner of the store decided one day to let him go.  But he decided to give Frank one last chance and entrusted to him the charge to work alone in the store all day. Depending on the outcome the owner would decide to allow him to continue working at the store or not.  Frank did not lose courage.  On that day he hung all the goods a small tag with the minimal price of the object.  All the goods that were lying in the warehouse he placed in the store window and placed them with the price of 5 cents.  In several hours all the goods had been purchased.  What is surprising about this you ask?  Today clearance sales occur everywhere.But at that time in all stores, the salesmen showed merchandise at the request of the client and told the client the price depending on the appearance and conduct of the client.  In addition to that, the salesman was supposed to praise the merchandise, but for the bashful Frank that did not work.  He had found a way to solve the assignment given to him by his boss.By this Frank Woolworth brought about a revolution in merchandising.  You will probably be interested to know that it was precisely Frank Woolworth who introduced the practice of decorating stores for Christmas.  Thanks to this man, the process of buying merchandise was turned into what we now call shopping in the generally accepted sense.Frank himself became very wealthy.  And when he had made a large fortune, he decided on an ambitious undertaking - to build a building and give it his name. As an extraordinary person, he wanted the building to be special and the highest building in the world.As you can see, this skyscraper is faced externally with a novelty of that time - ceramic terra-cotta cream colored tiles.  The three lower floors are finished in granite and sandstone.  In the main vestibule the walls are finished in Greek marble, on the second floor the arcades of the gallery  are finished in bronze. Two years after its construction at the Panama-Pacific Exhibition the skyscraper received the gold medal as the "most beautiful building built for a commercial purpose." Woolworth had his office built on the 28th floor.  The office was finished in green marble from Northern Italy.  In the center of the office stood a large writing table covered in green leather.After the death of the millionaire, his empire collapsed, but the beautiful building still stands and reminds us of the great and fortunate man who "made himself."Photo Woolworth Building by Phil Roeder is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">ff62e715-e9fe-424b-902b-5cfa69deb8ff</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:30:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629419/80e2e82b_5207_4cbd_bebe_f2f458988ac2.mp3" length="2812028" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Turn around and look behind.  Alongside the pedestrian crosswalk by which you crossed the street rises the impressive skyscraper, the Woolworth building. The building was completed in 1913 commissioned by F. W. Woolworth. Perhaps the person of Frank...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Turn around and look behind.  Alongside the pedestrian crosswalk by which you crossed the street rises the impressive skyscraper, the Woolworth building. The building was completed in 1913 commissioned by F. W. Woolworth. Perhaps the person of Frank Woolworth is even more impressive than the building.  He was a "self made man" as they say.  The unique feature of his personality is that his deficiency - an intense bashfulness - was turned into an advantage.  This is what happened.  Woolworth was born and grew up in the country but at age 21 he decided that country life was not for him and he wanted something bigger.  From his parent's home he went to the small town of Watertown, New York and found work as a salesman in a small store.  But unfortunately, Frank was completely inappropriate for the job of a salesman.  He was very bashful, diffident and often severely stuttered.  The owner of the store decided one day to let him go.  But he decided to give Frank one last chance and entrusted to him the charge to work alone in the store all day. Depending on the outcome the owner would decide to allow him to continue working at the store or not.  Frank did not lose courage.  On that day he hung all the goods a small tag with the minimal price of the object.  All the goods that were lying in the warehouse he placed in the store window and placed them with the price of 5 cents.  In several hours all the goods had been purchased.  What is surprising about this you ask?  Today clearance sales occur everywhere.But at that time in all stores, the salesmen showed merchandise at the request of the client and told the client the price depending on the appearance and conduct of the client.  In addition to that, the salesman was supposed to praise the merchandise, but for the bashful Frank that did not work.  He had found a way to solve the assignment given to him by his boss.By this Frank Woolworth brought about a revolution in merchandising.  You will probably be interested to know that it was precisely Frank Woolworth who introduced the practice of decorating stores for Christmas.  Thanks to this man, the process of buying merchandise was turned into what we now call shopping in the generally accepted sense.Frank himself became very wealthy.  And when he had made a large fortune, he decided on an ambitious undertaking - to build a building and give it his name. As an extraordinary person, he wanted the building to be special and the highest building in the world.As you can see, this skyscraper is faced externally with a novelty of that time - ceramic terra-cotta cream colored tiles.  The three lower floors are finished in granite and sandstone.  In the main vestibule the walls are finished in Greek marble, on the second floor the arcades of the gallery  are finished in bronze. Two years after its construction at the Panama-Pacific Exhibition the skyscraper received the gold medal as the "most beautiful building built for a commercial purpose." Woolworth had his office built on the 28th floor.  The office was finished in green marble from Northern Italy.  In the center of the office stood a large writing table covered in green leather.After the death of the millionaire, his empire collapsed, but the beautiful building still stands and reminds us of the great and fortunate man who "made himself."Photo Woolworth Building by Phil Roeder is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>176</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 17: St. Paul's Chapel</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-17-st-paul-s-chapel--42629421</link><description><![CDATA[To your left is the small Chapel of St. Paul.  It is located not far from the prior World Trade Center and survived that horrible day due to a miracle or a happy accident.  Many believe that it was saved due to the trees in front which absorbed the shock waves.Here psychological assistance was offered to those injured and distraught by the attack, and it later became a fundamental site for commemoration of the dead. The Chapel of St. Paul is the oldest surviving church building in New York. It was completed in 1766 in the Georgian style as a chapel of Trinity Church.  It is also famous for the fact that after his inauguration, George Washington came here to pray.Photo St. Paul's Chapel - New York City by Doug Kerr is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">3433a387-c13a-454c-a7c1-4edbe9ee114a</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:29:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629421/8b4abcfb_bbaa_4067_8b05_6b4fc13febb4.mp3" length="588485" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>To your left is the small Chapel of St. Paul.  It is located not far from the prior World Trade Center and survived that horrible day due to a miracle or a happy accident.  Many believe that it was saved due to the trees in front which absorbed the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[To your left is the small Chapel of St. Paul.  It is located not far from the prior World Trade Center and survived that horrible day due to a miracle or a happy accident.  Many believe that it was saved due to the trees in front which absorbed the shock waves.Here psychological assistance was offered to those injured and distraught by the attack, and it later became a fundamental site for commemoration of the dead. The Chapel of St. Paul is the oldest surviving church building in New York. It was completed in 1766 in the Georgian style as a chapel of Trinity Church.  It is also famous for the fact that after his inauguration, George Washington came here to pray.Photo St. Paul's Chapel - New York City by Doug Kerr is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>37</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 16: National September 11 Memorial and Museum (9/11 Memorial)</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-16-national-september-11-memorial-and-museum-9-11-memorial--42629417</link><description><![CDATA[We have approached one of the most tragic places in the history of the city.  Ahead and slightly to the right previously rose the twin towers of the World Trade Center.  On the morning of 11 September, 2001 two airplanes were seized by terrorists who flew them directly into the towers.  In the course of several hours after those collisions, both skyscrapers were destroyed.  Approximately 3,000 people perished.  The place of this horrible tragedy from that time came to be called Ground Zero.On that tragic day in addition to the towers several other buildings of the World Trade Center complex were also completely or partially destroyed.On 11 September 2011, the 10th anniversary of the tragedy, on this spot was opened a Memorial.  A contest for the memorial design was held with 5,000 bids.  The winning design for the project was that of architects Michael Arad and Peter Walker - a designed called Reflecting Absence.At the center of the memorial are two large reflecting pools, from the walls of which water flows into the deep pools; the water then drains through an orifice at the center.  This orifice symbolizes the abyss.  On the outside of the walls of the pools are written the names of the people who died at the time of the terrorist attack.  The pools are located exactly on the sites where previously the twin towers had risen. Around the pools are planted approximately 400 white oaks.  Surprisingly in the hell of September 11, one pear tree survived and was initially removed and cared for by the Parks Department because it had been seriously damaged.  It was was replanted at the Memorial among the oaks in 2010 and is now well known as the Survival tree.Between the pools is located a museum dedicated to the events of that tragic day.Photo 9/11 by Javier Rodríguez is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">8fa41a51-d69e-43c8-8c8b-f3464e117902</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:28:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629417/57f92c96_1041_43a1_85c9_6af46cecd641.mp3" length="1555643" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>We have approached one of the most tragic places in the history of the city.  Ahead and slightly to the right previously rose the twin towers of the World Trade Center.  On the morning of 11 September, 2001 two airplanes were seized by terrorists who...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[We have approached one of the most tragic places in the history of the city.  Ahead and slightly to the right previously rose the twin towers of the World Trade Center.  On the morning of 11 September, 2001 two airplanes were seized by terrorists who flew them directly into the towers.  In the course of several hours after those collisions, both skyscrapers were destroyed.  Approximately 3,000 people perished.  The place of this horrible tragedy from that time came to be called Ground Zero.On that tragic day in addition to the towers several other buildings of the World Trade Center complex were also completely or partially destroyed.On 11 September 2011, the 10th anniversary of the tragedy, on this spot was opened a Memorial.  A contest for the memorial design was held with 5,000 bids.  The winning design for the project was that of architects Michael Arad and Peter Walker - a designed called Reflecting Absence.At the center of the memorial are two large reflecting pools, from the walls of which water flows into the deep pools; the water then drains through an orifice at the center.  This orifice symbolizes the abyss.  On the outside of the walls of the pools are written the names of the people who died at the time of the terrorist attack.  The pools are located exactly on the sites where previously the twin towers had risen. Around the pools are planted approximately 400 white oaks.  Surprisingly in the hell of September 11, one pear tree survived and was initially removed and cared for by the Parks Department because it had been seriously damaged.  It was was replanted at the Memorial among the oaks in 2010 and is now well known as the Survival tree.Between the pools is located a museum dedicated to the events of that tragic day.Photo 9/11 by Javier Rodríguez is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>98</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 15: Trinity Church, Wall Street</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-15-trinity-church-wall-street--42629426</link><description><![CDATA[You are standing now in front of probably one of the most famous and one of the oldest churches in the city - Trinity Church, still an active parish of the episcopal Diocese of New York.  The first church on this site was constructed in 1698.  It is easy to imagine this modest rectangular structure with a mansard root.  Historical documents show that the famous pirate the Scottish Captain William Kidd gave support for the construction of the church. Approximately 80 years later, in 1776,  the building of the church was completely destroyed in the Great New York City Fire.  Somewhat later in 1790 a new building of the second Trinity Church was built but was less serviceable than the first.  The construction of the current building which we see before us was completed and the church consecrated in 1846.  This building was outstanding for its time and sharply distinguished itself from other churches.  At the time of its construction it had the highest steeple in New York, with a height of 85 meters.  Trinity church is also a large landowner.  Initially,  English Queen Ann gave a large piece of Manhattan land for the construction of the church.  Even now the parish of the church owns 70 other churches and chapels in various parts of the city. In the Church cemetery, the oldest in the city, it is possible to find monuments to several outstanding people of the country.  Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury in the administration of Washington, and the founder of the first Federal Bank in the United States is buried here.  Here are also the remains of Robert Fulton who designed the first commercially successful steamboat, the Clermont. On the tragic day of September 11, 2001 when the first World Trade Tower was coming down, people hid themselves in the church from the dust and debris.Photo Looking down Wall St. at Trinity Church by Ben W is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">f443bdec-fa02-4b24-a76c-e98613cdb8c0</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:27:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629426/8fc6ef19_94a8_4a80_9c31_1aee960dcb7c.mp3" length="1553553" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>You are standing now in front of probably one of the most famous and one of the oldest churches in the city - Trinity Church, still an active parish of the episcopal Diocese of New York.  The first church on this site was constructed in 1698.  It is...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[You are standing now in front of probably one of the most famous and one of the oldest churches in the city - Trinity Church, still an active parish of the episcopal Diocese of New York.  The first church on this site was constructed in 1698.  It is easy to imagine this modest rectangular structure with a mansard root.  Historical documents show that the famous pirate the Scottish Captain William Kidd gave support for the construction of the church. Approximately 80 years later, in 1776,  the building of the church was completely destroyed in the Great New York City Fire.  Somewhat later in 1790 a new building of the second Trinity Church was built but was less serviceable than the first.  The construction of the current building which we see before us was completed and the church consecrated in 1846.  This building was outstanding for its time and sharply distinguished itself from other churches.  At the time of its construction it had the highest steeple in New York, with a height of 85 meters.  Trinity church is also a large landowner.  Initially,  English Queen Ann gave a large piece of Manhattan land for the construction of the church.  Even now the parish of the church owns 70 other churches and chapels in various parts of the city. In the Church cemetery, the oldest in the city, it is possible to find monuments to several outstanding people of the country.  Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury in the administration of Washington, and the founder of the first Federal Bank in the United States is buried here.  Here are also the remains of Robert Fulton who designed the first commercially successful steamboat, the Clermont. On the tragic day of September 11, 2001 when the first World Trade Tower was coming down, people hid themselves in the church from the dust and debris.Photo Looking down Wall St. at Trinity Church by Ben W is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>98</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 14: Federal Hall and the New York Stock Exchange</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-14-federal-hall-and-the-new-york-stock-exchange--42629428</link><description><![CDATA[To your right is located a comparatively small building decorated with a classical marble portico.  This building played an important role in the history of America.The building was constructed at the beginning of the 18th century and for a long time served as the city hall of New York.  In 1735 the trial of John Peter Zenger who in his newspaper published sharp criticism the British Governor Cosby occured.  After the proceedings, the jury found the publisher not guilty.  It is widely held that the Zenger trial was the basis for freedom of the press being in the first amendment to the Constitution of the United States.Fifty years later in 1785 this building temporarily housed the Congress of the United States.  In 1788 the building was remodeled and enlarged under the direction of Pierre Charles L'Enfant, who later took part in the planning of the new capital of the country along the Potomac River in Washington D.C.  After the reconstruction the building came to be called Federal Hall.  In 1789  from its balcony, George Washington delivered the first inaugural address of the country and gave an oath of loyalty to the American people.  Incidentally, the text of the oath was written personally by Washington.  Here also were drafted the amendments to the Constitution of the United States, called the Bill of Rights.  In 1812 the building was razed and the New York City Hall moved to a different location.  But approximately 30 years later the building was rebuilt in the form that has come down to us today.  In it were housed at various times the U.S. Custom House and the Treasury.  In 1920 alongside the building terrorists exploded a horse drawn wagon.  In this so-called "Wall Street bombing", 38 people died.  The powerful 45 kg dynamite explosion with 230 kg of iron weights did not damage the Federal Hall nor the bronze statue of George Washington on the front steps of the building. Today in the building is a national memorial dedicated to the events which have occurred in Federal Hall.  In the exhibit of the museum you can see the Bible held by George Washington as he took his oath of office, his personal effects and historical documents of that period.Stand with your back to Federal Hall, To your right is located the building of the New York Stock Exchange.  Initially there was no permanent quarters for the Stock Exchange and brokers wandered from one place to another, never going far from Wall Street.  The present building was built in 1903.  As you can see the statues and Corinthian columns make it look like an ancient Greek temple.  Inside in an enormous hall the mysterious ritual of stock trading occurs.  On the third floor, there is a gallery for the public into which a limited number of visitors are admitted free of charge. The fortunate visitors can see from there the holy of holies of the financial world.Photo Wall Street by Dave Center is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">eb54e31f-0abb-4858-acbe-0c879690137c</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:26:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629428/5ca81347_51e3_42fe_8f1b_25f8afff247f.mp3" length="2435029" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>To your right is located a comparatively small building decorated with a classical marble portico.  This building played an important role in the history of America.The building was constructed at the beginning of the 18th century and for a long time...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[To your right is located a comparatively small building decorated with a classical marble portico.  This building played an important role in the history of America.The building was constructed at the beginning of the 18th century and for a long time served as the city hall of New York.  In 1735 the trial of John Peter Zenger who in his newspaper published sharp criticism the British Governor Cosby occured.  After the proceedings, the jury found the publisher not guilty.  It is widely held that the Zenger trial was the basis for freedom of the press being in the first amendment to the Constitution of the United States.Fifty years later in 1785 this building temporarily housed the Congress of the United States.  In 1788 the building was remodeled and enlarged under the direction of Pierre Charles L'Enfant, who later took part in the planning of the new capital of the country along the Potomac River in Washington D.C.  After the reconstruction the building came to be called Federal Hall.  In 1789  from its balcony, George Washington delivered the first inaugural address of the country and gave an oath of loyalty to the American people.  Incidentally, the text of the oath was written personally by Washington.  Here also were drafted the amendments to the Constitution of the United States, called the Bill of Rights.  In 1812 the building was razed and the New York City Hall moved to a different location.  But approximately 30 years later the building was rebuilt in the form that has come down to us today.  In it were housed at various times the U.S. Custom House and the Treasury.  In 1920 alongside the building terrorists exploded a horse drawn wagon.  In this so-called "Wall Street bombing", 38 people died.  The powerful 45 kg dynamite explosion with 230 kg of iron weights did not damage the Federal Hall nor the bronze statue of George Washington on the front steps of the building. Today in the building is a national memorial dedicated to the events which have occurred in Federal Hall.  In the exhibit of the museum you can see the Bible held by George Washington as he took his oath of office, his personal effects and historical documents of that period.Stand with your back to Federal Hall, To your right is located the building of the New York Stock Exchange.  Initially there was no permanent quarters for the Stock Exchange and brokers wandered from one place to another, never going far from Wall Street.  The present building was built in 1903.  As you can see the statues and Corinthian columns make it look like an ancient Greek temple.  Inside in an enormous hall the mysterious ritual of stock trading occurs.  On the third floor, there is a gallery for the public into which a limited number of visitors are admitted free of charge. The fortunate visitors can see from there the holy of holies of the financial world.Photo Wall Street by Dave Center is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>153</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 13: Wall Street</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-13-wall-street--42629430</link><description><![CDATA[Wall Street - probably it would be very difficult to find a person who has not heard of it.  This street is one of the most famous in the world.The name Wall street has long been synonymous for the financial region of New York and one of the largest business centers in the United States.Therefore, the reality of the street is surprising.  As you see now, it is narrow, and short.  To walk down it from beginning to the end can be done in about 10 minutes. Many years ago, long before its triumph as the world center of finance on Wall Street there was  a defensive wall, the northern boundary of New Amsterdam.  In Dutch the word for a wall is "wool" and the street was called Wool Straat. And in English the street kept its name as "Wall Street."  Somewhat later in the region of the wall, traders in fur and tobacco gathered.A plane tree - the buttonwood tree - growing at the beginning of the street played a key role in the future history of Wall street. Alongside the tree New York stockdealers gathered and sold information.  The 17th May 1792 was a fateful day.   On that day an agreement was signed by stockbrokers under the Buttonwood tree according to which the stockdealers committed themselves to carry out trade on the principles of an open auction with small commissions. This document is widely known as the Buttonwood agreement.  This day is considered the birth day of the New York Stock Exchange.  On a week-day life on the street "is boiling" - on the sidewalks there is practically not a free spot, everyone is running, hurrying, glued to their cell phones. A completely difficult picture is seen on week-ends, the street is quiet and empty.Photo New York - Wall St by Pete Bellis is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">4af98645-21a9-4ecd-8b57-323d9f275e13</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:25:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629430/f46f5094_f3f6_45ba_b0d5_f12104b2336d.mp3" length="1418134" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Wall Street - probably it would be very difficult to find a person who has not heard of it.  This street is one of the most famous in the world.The name Wall street has long been synonymous for the financial region of New York and one of the largest...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Wall Street - probably it would be very difficult to find a person who has not heard of it.  This street is one of the most famous in the world.The name Wall street has long been synonymous for the financial region of New York and one of the largest business centers in the United States.Therefore, the reality of the street is surprising.  As you see now, it is narrow, and short.  To walk down it from beginning to the end can be done in about 10 minutes. Many years ago, long before its triumph as the world center of finance on Wall Street there was  a defensive wall, the northern boundary of New Amsterdam.  In Dutch the word for a wall is "wool" and the street was called Wool Straat. And in English the street kept its name as "Wall Street."  Somewhat later in the region of the wall, traders in fur and tobacco gathered.A plane tree - the buttonwood tree - growing at the beginning of the street played a key role in the future history of Wall street. Alongside the tree New York stockdealers gathered and sold information.  The 17th May 1792 was a fateful day.   On that day an agreement was signed by stockbrokers under the Buttonwood tree according to which the stockdealers committed themselves to carry out trade on the principles of an open auction with small commissions. This document is widely known as the Buttonwood agreement.  This day is considered the birth day of the New York Stock Exchange.  On a week-day life on the street "is boiling" - on the sidewalks there is practically not a free spot, everyone is running, hurrying, glued to their cell phones. A completely difficult picture is seen on week-ends, the street is quiet and empty.Photo New York - Wall St by Pete Bellis is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>89</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 12: Museum of American Finance</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-12-museum-of-american-finance--42629433</link><description><![CDATA[Just to your right in the former building of the Bank of New York is located the Museum of American Finance.  The exhibits of the museum recount the history of the strongest financial system in the world.The founder of the American finance system is one of the Founding Fathers of the Republic -  Alexander Hamilton.  He was precisely the one who founded the first national bank and the first mint in the United States.  One of the exhibits of the museum is dedicated to the life and activity of this great man.  In the museum there are also found monies of various epochs.  Here there are beaver skins, with which the American Indians carried on trade,  a large gold ingot worth today almost 2 million dollars and treasury notes signed personally by George Washington.The museum has more than 10,000 exhibits - bank notes and coins, checks, obligatory notes, stock shares, rare historical documents and artifacts connected with monetary exchange.  It is possible to see here documents of the well known South Sea Company signed by Sir Isaac Newton, the actual ticker tape apparatus which gave out the results of the Stock market crash of 1929, and a bank check signed by George D. RockefellerPhoto Museum of American Finance 48 Wall St jeh by Jim.henderson is licensed under CC0 1.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">9075288d-06a9-481c-b796-369b7be53e7f</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:24:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629433/fbe92bb4_362c_4a52_977d_346ffbcca34c.mp3" length="1026506" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Just to your right in the former building of the Bank of New York is located the Museum of American Finance.  The exhibits of the museum recount the history of the strongest financial system in the world.The founder of the American finance system is...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Just to your right in the former building of the Bank of New York is located the Museum of American Finance.  The exhibits of the museum recount the history of the strongest financial system in the world.The founder of the American finance system is one of the Founding Fathers of the Republic -  Alexander Hamilton.  He was precisely the one who founded the first national bank and the first mint in the United States.  One of the exhibits of the museum is dedicated to the life and activity of this great man.  In the museum there are also found monies of various epochs.  Here there are beaver skins, with which the American Indians carried on trade,  a large gold ingot worth today almost 2 million dollars and treasury notes signed personally by George Washington.The museum has more than 10,000 exhibits - bank notes and coins, checks, obligatory notes, stock shares, rare historical documents and artifacts connected with monetary exchange.  It is possible to see here documents of the well known South Sea Company signed by Sir Isaac Newton, the actual ticker tape apparatus which gave out the results of the Stock market crash of 1929, and a bank check signed by George D. RockefellerPhoto Museum of American Finance 48 Wall St jeh by Jim.henderson is licensed under CC0 1.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>65</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 11: Federal Reserve Bank</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-11-federal-reserve-bank--42629422</link><description><![CDATA[Just ahead to the right is located the building of the Federal Reserve Bank.  It would be hard not to notice this building.  It mostly brings to mind an impenetrable fortress with its thick walls and powerful grills on the windows.  The stones of the facade of the building were not chosen accidentally.  Think about what they call to mind.  Gold ingots.  The bank was built as one of the strongest storehouses of gold in the world.  The bank has been located in this building for more than 90 years.  The construction of this building required 5 years.  The decorative iron metal construction for the bank was the work of Samuel Yellin.  According to the plan of the designers of the building, the strength and beauty of the building were to symbolize the security of the bank.For visitors to the bank there are two different varieties of tours: excursions with an accompanying guide which allow visiting the vault, and independent museum excursions.  Unfortunately to sign up for an excursion with a guide and vault visit requires signing up 3-4 months in advance.  For the museum tour you can sign up 2 weeks in advance.The exhibits of the museum are dedicated to the world history of money, contemporary economy and its organization.Visitors are shown how money is printed and how it is destroyed.But of course the most interesting place, attracting almost universal attention in the bank is the vault of the Federal Reserve Bank.The vault is the deepest underground room in New York.  Its depth is 24 meters, or 15 meters below sea level.There are no doors to the vault.  To enter it is first necessary to descend on an elevator, then to pass through a narrow corridor 3 meters long passing through a 90 ton steel wall.  All the gold of the bank, almost 7,000 tons, is kept in three places located on three levels.  Most of this gold (about 98%) belongs to approximately 80 different nations of the world. The vault is built in such a fashion that no water nor air can penetrate into it. It is a surprising fact but the work of the employees of the vault is not automated.  The gold ingots with a weight of 28 pounds, are transported by the employees by hand.  When the bars are moved from one place to another, they are carried on sturdy carts, and when they are transported between levels, they are moved on hydraulic elevators.  The employees observe security measures while working with the gold bars.  On their shoes, they wear special magnetic braces - if an ingot falls on the foot, the strap protect the bar from serious damage.  The gold bars are weighed on mechanical scales with weights which even today remain very precise.Photo Federal Reserve Bank of New York by gonsee is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">82b1a806-b812-4526-b9a0-32e1c04484ee</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:23:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629422/0115a0f2_d6e4_4cf3_ab9b_8ad5b14002ad.mp3" length="2343496" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Just ahead to the right is located the building of the Federal Reserve Bank.  It would be hard not to notice this building.  It mostly brings to mind an impenetrable fortress with its thick walls and powerful grills on the windows.  The stones of the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Just ahead to the right is located the building of the Federal Reserve Bank.  It would be hard not to notice this building.  It mostly brings to mind an impenetrable fortress with its thick walls and powerful grills on the windows.  The stones of the facade of the building were not chosen accidentally.  Think about what they call to mind.  Gold ingots.  The bank was built as one of the strongest storehouses of gold in the world.  The bank has been located in this building for more than 90 years.  The construction of this building required 5 years.  The decorative iron metal construction for the bank was the work of Samuel Yellin.  According to the plan of the designers of the building, the strength and beauty of the building were to symbolize the security of the bank.For visitors to the bank there are two different varieties of tours: excursions with an accompanying guide which allow visiting the vault, and independent museum excursions.  Unfortunately to sign up for an excursion with a guide and vault visit requires signing up 3-4 months in advance.  For the museum tour you can sign up 2 weeks in advance.The exhibits of the museum are dedicated to the world history of money, contemporary economy and its organization.Visitors are shown how money is printed and how it is destroyed.But of course the most interesting place, attracting almost universal attention in the bank is the vault of the Federal Reserve Bank.The vault is the deepest underground room in New York.  Its depth is 24 meters, or 15 meters below sea level.There are no doors to the vault.  To enter it is first necessary to descend on an elevator, then to pass through a narrow corridor 3 meters long passing through a 90 ton steel wall.  All the gold of the bank, almost 7,000 tons, is kept in three places located on three levels.  Most of this gold (about 98%) belongs to approximately 80 different nations of the world. The vault is built in such a fashion that no water nor air can penetrate into it. It is a surprising fact but the work of the employees of the vault is not automated.  The gold ingots with a weight of 28 pounds, are transported by the employees by hand.  When the bars are moved from one place to another, they are carried on sturdy carts, and when they are transported between levels, they are moved on hydraulic elevators.  The employees observe security measures while working with the gold bars.  On their shoes, they wear special magnetic braces - if an ingot falls on the foot, the strap protect the bar from serious damage.  The gold bars are weighed on mechanical scales with weights which even today remain very precise.Photo Federal Reserve Bank of New York by gonsee is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>147</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 10: Southstreet Seaport</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-10-southstreet-seaport--42629429</link><description><![CDATA[To your right on the banks of the river is the historic Southstreet Seaport.  A three story restored sea terminal has today been turned into a tourist center with restaurants, cafes, and museums.  From the balconies on the third floor fabulous panoramic views of the river bridges open up.  On the right side is the historic four-masted barque, the Peking constructed in 1911, converted to a museum;  adjacent to it is the three masted vessel, Wavertree, built in 1885 and the ferry Major General William H. Hart, built in 1925.  The floating lighthouse "Ambrose" was put up as a memorial in memory of the passengers who died on the Titanic.On a wooden platform presentations of school choirs, magicians and singers are held.  The atmosphere here corresponds to that of the late 1800's with painted walls, signs and nameplates all in an antique style. The tourist center of the Seaport is also a ticket center.  In it you will be able to buy a ticket which will give you admittance to the historical ships, the floating lighthouse and the museum gallery of the Seaport Museum.  Also with the ticket you will be able to take part in the pedestrian excursions occurring in the port.Photo The Peking by David Merrett is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">fa7003b3-0141-4503-84fa-099c2f93a558</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:22:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629429/2f76fcb1_4cc3_4f71_abb1_d16e7d9084f5.mp3" length="1053256" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>To your right on the banks of the river is the historic Southstreet Seaport.  A three story restored sea terminal has today been turned into a tourist center with restaurants, cafes, and museums.  From the balconies on the third floor fabulous...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[To your right on the banks of the river is the historic Southstreet Seaport.  A three story restored sea terminal has today been turned into a tourist center with restaurants, cafes, and museums.  From the balconies on the third floor fabulous panoramic views of the river bridges open up.  On the right side is the historic four-masted barque, the Peking constructed in 1911, converted to a museum;  adjacent to it is the three masted vessel, Wavertree, built in 1885 and the ferry Major General William H. Hart, built in 1925.  The floating lighthouse "Ambrose" was put up as a memorial in memory of the passengers who died on the Titanic.On a wooden platform presentations of school choirs, magicians and singers are held.  The atmosphere here corresponds to that of the late 1800's with painted walls, signs and nameplates all in an antique style. The tourist center of the Seaport is also a ticket center.  In it you will be able to buy a ticket which will give you admittance to the historical ships, the floating lighthouse and the museum gallery of the Seaport Museum.  Also with the ticket you will be able to take part in the pedestrian excursions occurring in the port.Photo The Peking by David Merrett is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>66</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 9: Brooklyn Bridge</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-9-brooklyn-bridge--42629431</link><description><![CDATA[To your left is the Brooklyn bridge.  Now we are becoming acquainted with it from a distance in order that you will be able to include all of it in your view, to sense all of its grandeur.  Then, later, we will show you the pedestrian path by which you will be able independently walk on the bridge and take superb panoramic photographs.  This bridge is an indispensable part of the city, recognized as a calling card and icon of New York.Many years ago in the mid 1800's engineers were presented with the question: how to unite two cities: Brooklyn and Manhattan which at that moment were independent cities.  Many investigations were undertaken but the answer was not quickly found.  It was even suggested to dig a tunnel.  But because of the enormous cost of such a project this possibility was rejected. In the late 1860's the engineeer-builder John Augustus Roebling suggested a project in which instead of iron he suggested using the more stable steel.  Roebling had previously designed and constructed suspension bridges in Pennsylvania and Ohio, including a bridge through Niagara Falls. His project won the competition to build the bridge.  The concept of the bridge was striking even on paper: two gigantic pillars with a height of 84 meters between which was a suspension structure with a length of486 meters.  The width of the bridge was 25 meters.  There were on the bridge three levels of transportation:  two for auto-transport and one elevated level for pedestrians and cyclists.The bridge is striking today in its grandeur and enormous size.  Now imagine to yourself how this gigantic structure appeared to the residents of the city almost 150 years ago.Unfortunately, the designer did not live to see his creation.  Just 2 weeks after the beginning of construction, as the result of an unfortunate accident, Roebling died from a tetanus infection.  The construction of the bridge continued under his son, Washington Roebling.  But another tragic event during construction also occurred to the son.  The young impetuous engineer tried to personally take part in the construction hoping to avoid disaster with caisson up-side down boxes.  But this resulted in the "bends" or "caisson" disease which left him immobile in bed.  Then his wife Emily Roebling was called into action.  The family rented an apartment on the shore with a view of the bridge construction and Roebling from his bed observed the construction through a spyglass.  His assessments, directions and orders to his wife Emily were accurately carried out.  The official opening of the bridge occurred 24 May 1883.  At the opening the president the USA Chester Arthur, the governor of the State of New York Grover Cleveland, the Mayors of New York and Brooklyn took part.  For the gala bridge opening, a day off of work for all residents of New York was proclaimed in order that all those wishing could admire the architectural creation. Several days after the opening, a rumor was spread that the bridge might collapse.  As a result of the panic, 12 people died.  For proof of the solidity of the bridge, all of the 21 elephants of the P.T. Barnum circus were led across the bridge. And as you see, the bridge still stands today.Photo Night view of Brooklyn Bridge and Lower Manhattan from Empire Fulton Ferry State Park by Jiuguang Wang is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">6d874edb-7e5a-4998-a94c-6b02ecc698d4</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:21:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629431/bd01a617_c3a2_42e3_aa0f_5333047f5d2d.mp3" length="2858839" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>To your left is the Brooklyn bridge.  Now we are becoming acquainted with it from a distance in order that you will be able to include all of it in your view, to sense all of its grandeur.  Then, later, we will show you the pedestrian path by which...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[To your left is the Brooklyn bridge.  Now we are becoming acquainted with it from a distance in order that you will be able to include all of it in your view, to sense all of its grandeur.  Then, later, we will show you the pedestrian path by which you will be able independently walk on the bridge and take superb panoramic photographs.  This bridge is an indispensable part of the city, recognized as a calling card and icon of New York.Many years ago in the mid 1800's engineers were presented with the question: how to unite two cities: Brooklyn and Manhattan which at that moment were independent cities.  Many investigations were undertaken but the answer was not quickly found.  It was even suggested to dig a tunnel.  But because of the enormous cost of such a project this possibility was rejected. In the late 1860's the engineeer-builder John Augustus Roebling suggested a project in which instead of iron he suggested using the more stable steel.  Roebling had previously designed and constructed suspension bridges in Pennsylvania and Ohio, including a bridge through Niagara Falls. His project won the competition to build the bridge.  The concept of the bridge was striking even on paper: two gigantic pillars with a height of 84 meters between which was a suspension structure with a length of486 meters.  The width of the bridge was 25 meters.  There were on the bridge three levels of transportation:  two for auto-transport and one elevated level for pedestrians and cyclists.The bridge is striking today in its grandeur and enormous size.  Now imagine to yourself how this gigantic structure appeared to the residents of the city almost 150 years ago.Unfortunately, the designer did not live to see his creation.  Just 2 weeks after the beginning of construction, as the result of an unfortunate accident, Roebling died from a tetanus infection.  The construction of the bridge continued under his son, Washington Roebling.  But another tragic event during construction also occurred to the son.  The young impetuous engineer tried to personally take part in the construction hoping to avoid disaster with caisson up-side down boxes.  But this resulted in the "bends" or "caisson" disease which left him immobile in bed.  Then his wife Emily Roebling was called into action.  The family rented an apartment on the shore with a view of the bridge construction and Roebling from his bed observed the construction through a spyglass.  His assessments, directions and orders to his wife Emily were accurately carried out.  The official opening of the bridge occurred 24 May 1883.  At the opening the president the USA Chester Arthur, the governor of the State of New York Grover Cleveland, the Mayors of New York and Brooklyn took part.  For the gala bridge opening, a day off of work for all residents of New York was proclaimed in order that all those wishing could admire the architectural creation. Several days after the opening, a rumor was spread that the bridge might collapse.  As a result of the panic, 12 people died.  For proof of the solidity of the bridge, all of the 21 elephants of the P.T. Barnum circus were led across the bridge. And as you see, the bridge still stands today.Photo Night view of Brooklyn Bridge and Lower Manhattan from Empire Fulton Ferry State Park by Jiuguang Wang is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>179</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 8: Hanover Square</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-8-hanover-square--42629424</link><description><![CDATA[You have come out onto a small triangular plaza, Hanover Square.  The name of the square remains as an inheritance of the time of King George I, the founder of the Hanover dynasty, ruling in Great Britain from the beginning of the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century.  If you have seen the romantic comedy, Kate and Leo, then you probably will already recognize the terra-cotta colored house which is just to your left.  According to the film this was the house in which Leopold, the Duke of Albany, lived.  It is not accidental that we recall this film.  The next point of our excursion is the Brooklyn bridge.  It was precisely from this bridge that the heroes of the film jumped in order to be transported in time.  Now is our chance to become acquainted with the Brooklyn Bridge, but in no case should you repeat the performance of those cinema-heroes.Photo 1 Hanover Square 001 by Gryffindor is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">164d62d9-b105-47d5-af8c-18201b2848a4</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:20:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629424/f3be7290_c0f6_49f0_b54c_fb92233f2c71.mp3" length="704260" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>You have come out onto a small triangular plaza, Hanover Square.  The name of the square remains as an inheritance of the time of King George I, the founder of the Hanover dynasty, ruling in Great Britain from the beginning of the 18th century to the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[You have come out onto a small triangular plaza, Hanover Square.  The name of the square remains as an inheritance of the time of King George I, the founder of the Hanover dynasty, ruling in Great Britain from the beginning of the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century.  If you have seen the romantic comedy, Kate and Leo, then you probably will already recognize the terra-cotta colored house which is just to your left.  According to the film this was the house in which Leopold, the Duke of Albany, lived.  It is not accidental that we recall this film.  The next point of our excursion is the Brooklyn bridge.  It was precisely from this bridge that the heroes of the film jumped in order to be transported in time.  Now is our chance to become acquainted with the Brooklyn Bridge, but in no case should you repeat the performance of those cinema-heroes.Photo 1 Hanover Square 001 by Gryffindor is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>44</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 7: Fraunces Tavern Museum</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-7-fraunces-tavern-museum--42629432</link><description><![CDATA[On your right is a small brick home which is a museum and the small Fraunces tavern.  Many historical events have occurred in this house.  The house itself was built at the beginning of the 18th century by the French Huguenot, Etienne DeLancey.  Approximately 40 years later it was bought by the restorer Samuel Fraunces and he converted the home into a tavern which quickly became a favorite of the citizens of New York.  There, the "sons of liberty", the advocates of independence of the American colonies would gather.  Also here on a table of this tavern the New York Stock Exchange and public library were founded.  But all this changed at the time of the War of Independence when New York for a period was occupied by English soldiers.  Regarding that period it is well known that in 1780 the colonial Governor Tyron gave an invitational dinner here for British generals.Later, the building's not insignificant role in the history of the nation again was renewed.  Here on 4 December 1783 the victorious commander in chief of the Continental Army, George Washington, invited his officers for a farewell banquet.  The farewell occurred in the Long Hall, in which there is now an exhibit of that period with simple stools and chairs, and banners.  According to the recollection of contemporaries, Washington shook the hand of every officer and said that his heart was filled with love and gratitude to them.Today there is a restaurant and a museum in the building.  The exhibitions of the museum include flags of the time of the War of Independence, and portraits of Washington.  In the tavern restaurant beer of the same quality as the officers of the Continental Army drank, is sold.Photo Fraunces Tavern by Elisa Rolle is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">38e49d80-3453-4d0b-b82b-f4336c997178</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:19:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629432/3abd1bb8_8e34_4fbd_a89d_f89f1b2419b5.mp3" length="1469961" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>On your right is a small brick home which is a museum and the small Fraunces tavern.  Many historical events have occurred in this house.  The house itself was built at the beginning of the 18th century by the French Huguenot, Etienne DeLancey. ...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[On your right is a small brick home which is a museum and the small Fraunces tavern.  Many historical events have occurred in this house.  The house itself was built at the beginning of the 18th century by the French Huguenot, Etienne DeLancey.  Approximately 40 years later it was bought by the restorer Samuel Fraunces and he converted the home into a tavern which quickly became a favorite of the citizens of New York.  There, the "sons of liberty", the advocates of independence of the American colonies would gather.  Also here on a table of this tavern the New York Stock Exchange and public library were founded.  But all this changed at the time of the War of Independence when New York for a period was occupied by English soldiers.  Regarding that period it is well known that in 1780 the colonial Governor Tyron gave an invitational dinner here for British generals.Later, the building's not insignificant role in the history of the nation again was renewed.  Here on 4 December 1783 the victorious commander in chief of the Continental Army, George Washington, invited his officers for a farewell banquet.  The farewell occurred in the Long Hall, in which there is now an exhibit of that period with simple stools and chairs, and banners.  According to the recollection of contemporaries, Washington shook the hand of every officer and said that his heart was filled with love and gratitude to them.Today there is a restaurant and a museum in the building.  The exhibitions of the museum include flags of the time of the War of Independence, and portraits of Washington.  In the tavern restaurant beer of the same quality as the officers of the Continental Army drank, is sold.Photo Fraunces Tavern by Elisa Rolle is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>92</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 6: Statue of Liberty</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-6-statue-of-liberty--42629418</link><description><![CDATA[Just to the right is the pier from which the ferry leaves to the Statue of Liberty.  This symbol of the American dream of freedom was a gift of the citizens of France on the centenary of the American Revolution.The statue holds a torch in her right hand and a tablet in the left.  On the tablet the inscription is written 4 July 1776.  This was the day that the Declaration of Independence was signed.  Lady Liberty stands on broken shackles on one foot.  There are 356 steps to ascend to the crown of the statue, and to the top of the pedestal 192 steps.In the crown there are 25 windows that symbolize gemstones and heaven's rays shining through to the world.  Seven spikes on the crown of Liberty symbolize the seven seas and the seven continents. The height from the ground to the tip of the torch is 93 meters, with the height of the statue herself, 46 meters.The creation of the Statue of Liberty was a joint Franco-American project.  According to the agreement, the American side agreed to erect the pedestal and the French side to prepare the statue and transport it to America.Liberty was designed by the French sculptor Frederic-August Bartholdi.  It is believed that the recently widowed Isabella Eugenie Boyer, wife of the American industrialist Isaac Singer, posed for Bartholdi as the model for the statue.  Alexandre Gustav Eiffel, creator of the world famous Eiffel tower, designed the masssive iron support and carcass allowing the copper covering of the statue to move freely while maintaining the balance of the statue itself.  The place for the Statue of Liberty in New York harbor, confirmed by an Act of Congress in 1877, was selected by General William Sherman.In France, philanthropic donations along with money raised from entertainment events and from lotteries allowed the collection of 2.25 million francs.  In the United States the collection of funds was through theatrical presentations, art exhibitions, auctions and boxing matches.  But nevertheless the monies initially raised were insufficient.  It was then that Joseph Pulitzer the young journalist, editor and founder of the newspaper, World, came into the affair.  In his newspaper, he wrote, "This statue is not a gift of the millionaires of France to the millionaires of America.  It is a gift of the French people to all Americans.  Take this as a call, directed to you personally!"  In the course of the next 5 months the necessary sum was accumulated.  His action in support of the construction of the Statue of Liberty brought Pulitzer great fame and significantly increased the circulation of his newspaper.The first stone of the pedestal was laid 5 August 1885.  The construction was completed 22 April 1886.  The Statue was brought to New York harbor not long before the laying of the first stone, aboard the French frigate, Isere.   To transport the statue it was separated into 350 parts and packed into 214 crates.  The Statue was reconstructed at her new base in four months.  The gala opening of the Statue of Liberty which included the president of the United States, Grover Cleveland, occurred on 28 October 1886 in the presence of thousands of spectators.  So you can see that as a gift for the centenary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, the Green Lady was late by almost 10 years.  In the museum located in the pedestal is an exhibition of the history of the statue.Photo Statue of Liberty, NY by William Warby is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">8ca7bf0b-3b9d-4957-b3e3-d2f9fdd3a983</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:18:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629418/c7dd24ad_93d7_4871_9f44_1214cd785c12.mp3" length="3041906" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Just to the right is the pier from which the ferry leaves to the Statue of Liberty.  This symbol of the American dream of freedom was a gift of the citizens of France on the centenary of the American Revolution.The statue holds a torch in her right...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Just to the right is the pier from which the ferry leaves to the Statue of Liberty.  This symbol of the American dream of freedom was a gift of the citizens of France on the centenary of the American Revolution.The statue holds a torch in her right hand and a tablet in the left.  On the tablet the inscription is written 4 July 1776.  This was the day that the Declaration of Independence was signed.  Lady Liberty stands on broken shackles on one foot.  There are 356 steps to ascend to the crown of the statue, and to the top of the pedestal 192 steps.In the crown there are 25 windows that symbolize gemstones and heaven's rays shining through to the world.  Seven spikes on the crown of Liberty symbolize the seven seas and the seven continents. The height from the ground to the tip of the torch is 93 meters, with the height of the statue herself, 46 meters.The creation of the Statue of Liberty was a joint Franco-American project.  According to the agreement, the American side agreed to erect the pedestal and the French side to prepare the statue and transport it to America.Liberty was designed by the French sculptor Frederic-August Bartholdi.  It is believed that the recently widowed Isabella Eugenie Boyer, wife of the American industrialist Isaac Singer, posed for Bartholdi as the model for the statue.  Alexandre Gustav Eiffel, creator of the world famous Eiffel tower, designed the masssive iron support and carcass allowing the copper covering of the statue to move freely while maintaining the balance of the statue itself.  The place for the Statue of Liberty in New York harbor, confirmed by an Act of Congress in 1877, was selected by General William Sherman.In France, philanthropic donations along with money raised from entertainment events and from lotteries allowed the collection of 2.25 million francs.  In the United States the collection of funds was through theatrical presentations, art exhibitions, auctions and boxing matches.  But nevertheless the monies initially raised were insufficient.  It was then that Joseph Pulitzer the young journalist, editor and founder of the newspaper, World, came into the affair.  In his newspaper, he wrote, "This statue is not a gift of the millionaires of France to the millionaires of America.  It is a gift of the French people to all Americans.  Take this as a call, directed to you personally!"  In the course of the next 5 months the necessary sum was accumulated.  His action in support of the construction of the Statue of Liberty brought Pulitzer great fame and significantly increased the circulation of his newspaper.The first stone of the pedestal was laid 5 August 1885.  The construction was completed 22 April 1886.  The Statue was brought to New York harbor not long before the laying of the first stone, aboard the French frigate, Isere.   To transport the statue it was separated into 350 parts and packed into 214 crates.  The Statue was reconstructed at her new base in four months.  The gala opening of the Statue of Liberty which included the president of the United States, Grover Cleveland, occurred on 28 October 1886 in the presence of thousands of spectators.  So you can see that as a gift for the centenary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, the Green Lady was late by almost 10 years.  In the museum located in the pedestal is an exhibition of the history of the statue.Photo Statue of Liberty, NY by William Warby is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>191</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 5: Ellis Island</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-5-ellis-island--42629416</link><description><![CDATA[Look out to sea in the distance.  Just to the left you will be able to see the Statue of Liberty about which we will speak later.  Just to the right of the statue you can see a small island - Ellis Island.  For now let us talk about this island.  Initially it was just a sandy stretch with oysters packing the shore.  Later the island came to be used as a place to punish criminals. The island received its name from enterprising farmer, Samuel Ellis, who owned it at the time of the War of Independence.  Later his descendants gave the island to the government, but the name was already entrenched and entered into history. In 1892 the Immigration Center moved onto this island from Castle Clinton.  The name of the first immigrant to pass through Ellis Island became famous to the entire country: the fifteen year old Irish girl Anna Moore.  She herself and her two little brothers were greeted by the mayor and governor, and were given many gifts.Unfortunately, the reception of the remaining immigrants was markedly different from this.  The luckiest were passengers of the 1st and 2nd class.  They were examined on board the ship and they were able to come to shore immediately after the mooring of the ship.  Things went somewhat less well for the passengers of the 3rd class.  They were transferred to barges and their baggage was loaded separately and transferred onto the island.  Every person had a label hung on their hand with their name and a personal number. On average, these immigrants spent 3-5 hours at Ellis island.  In the large main building the new arrivals climbed to the second floor to the registration hall, also known as the great hall.  The ascent up the staircase was called the six-second examination,  Physicians and nurses observed the immigrants on the staircase from above.  They separated out for complete examination the crippled and those short of breath as possibly suffering from heart disease or tuberculosis.  Further on, their fate was determined in the Registration Hall.  Immigrants who were rejected because of the state of health were marked with chalk on their clothes with a letter.  The letter signified the apparent illness.After the examination, the immigrants descended by stair case divided into three flights called the staircase of separation, because here the paths of many separated.  The right flight led to the railway station ticket office where the immigrants bought tickets to any place in the USA.  The left led to the ferry which traveled between the island and Manhattan.  The immigrants taken on this ferry were the ones who wanted to settle in New York.  The middle flight flight led to the hall of temporary detention.  In the years of massive immigration, 20% of the newly arrived were detained as unhealthy, politically undesirable or potentially burdensome for society.  Single women who were not met by relatives or representatives of benevolent societies helping immigrants, were detained out of fear that they would become victims of exploitation or prostitution.At the beginning of the 20th Century, the very height of the immigration, as many as 5000 people passed through the Immigration Center at Ellis Island every day. On one day - 17 April 1907 - 11,747 immigrants passed through the island.Now on the island there is a Museum of Immigration.  The exposition of the museum is set up such that it arouses a great variety of emotions in visitors.  For instance on the first floor there is a large raised platform on which lie a pile of trunks, wooden suit cases, and parcels tied up with string.  All this is located at the feet of a line of immigrants arrayed in a line, portrayed on a large photographic panel. Also in the museum you can see an unusual American flag.  Its color, as you move along it, changes before your eyes with photographs of immigrants from various countries.Many people find information in the exhibitions of the museum about their ancestors.  You can see how the immigrants were dressed, and their photographs are shown by the documentary personnel.  There is another monument on the street; a round stone wall all covered with brass plates with the names of more than 400,000 immigrants.Photo Ellis Island by Sébastien Bertrand is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">d964307b-7a50-4f03-bc7a-6f88def26c47</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:17:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629416/77cd54a2_87e1_42d4_93fd_6ff6610dd6d5.mp3" length="3565608" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>Look out to sea in the distance.  Just to the left you will be able to see the Statue of Liberty about which we will speak later.  Just to the right of the statue you can see a small island - Ellis Island.  For now let us talk about this island. ...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[Look out to sea in the distance.  Just to the left you will be able to see the Statue of Liberty about which we will speak later.  Just to the right of the statue you can see a small island - Ellis Island.  For now let us talk about this island.  Initially it was just a sandy stretch with oysters packing the shore.  Later the island came to be used as a place to punish criminals. The island received its name from enterprising farmer, Samuel Ellis, who owned it at the time of the War of Independence.  Later his descendants gave the island to the government, but the name was already entrenched and entered into history. In 1892 the Immigration Center moved onto this island from Castle Clinton.  The name of the first immigrant to pass through Ellis Island became famous to the entire country: the fifteen year old Irish girl Anna Moore.  She herself and her two little brothers were greeted by the mayor and governor, and were given many gifts.Unfortunately, the reception of the remaining immigrants was markedly different from this.  The luckiest were passengers of the 1st and 2nd class.  They were examined on board the ship and they were able to come to shore immediately after the mooring of the ship.  Things went somewhat less well for the passengers of the 3rd class.  They were transferred to barges and their baggage was loaded separately and transferred onto the island.  Every person had a label hung on their hand with their name and a personal number. On average, these immigrants spent 3-5 hours at Ellis island.  In the large main building the new arrivals climbed to the second floor to the registration hall, also known as the great hall.  The ascent up the staircase was called the six-second examination,  Physicians and nurses observed the immigrants on the staircase from above.  They separated out for complete examination the crippled and those short of breath as possibly suffering from heart disease or tuberculosis.  Further on, their fate was determined in the Registration Hall.  Immigrants who were rejected because of the state of health were marked with chalk on their clothes with a letter.  The letter signified the apparent illness.After the examination, the immigrants descended by stair case divided into three flights called the staircase of separation, because here the paths of many separated.  The right flight led to the railway station ticket office where the immigrants bought tickets to any place in the USA.  The left led to the ferry which traveled between the island and Manhattan.  The immigrants taken on this ferry were the ones who wanted to settle in New York.  The middle flight flight led to the hall of temporary detention.  In the years of massive immigration, 20% of the newly arrived were detained as unhealthy, politically undesirable or potentially burdensome for society.  Single women who were not met by relatives or representatives of benevolent societies helping immigrants, were detained out of fear that they would become victims of exploitation or prostitution.At the beginning of the 20th Century, the very height of the immigration, as many as 5000 people passed through the Immigration Center at Ellis Island every day. On one day - 17 April 1907 - 11,747 immigrants passed through the island.Now on the island there is a Museum of Immigration.  The exposition of the museum is set up such that it arouses a great variety of emotions in visitors.  For instance on the first floor there is a large raised platform on which lie a pile of trunks, wooden suit cases, and parcels tied up with string.  All this is located at the feet of a line of immigrants arrayed in a line, portrayed on a large photographic panel. Also in the museum you can see an unusual American flag.  Its color, as you move along it, changes before your eyes with photographs of immigrants from various countries.Many people find information in the exhibitions of the museum about their ancestors.  You can see how the immigrants were dressed, and...]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>223</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 4: Castle Clinton</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-4-castle-clinton--42629420</link><description><![CDATA[A little closer, just at water's edge is located West Battery Fort or Castle Clinton.   It was built in 1811 for the defense of the city in case of attack by the British during the War of 1812.  But, this never occurred and the fort never witnessed any battle.  Initially called West Battery, it was renamed several years later Castle Clinton in honor of the mayor of the city, DeWitt Clinton.  Approximately 10 years later the fort was given to the city as a place for the enjoyment of the public, becoming within 3 years a popular amusement site with a beer garden, exhibition gallery and concert ground.  But the castle received its greatest fame in the second half of the 19th century in the capacity of New York's immigration center.  Through this building during the years from 1855-1892 passed more than 8 million immigrants who had arrived from various European countries.  Primarily these were Irish, Jewish and Italian immigrants.  Among the most well known who have come through Castle Clinton in these years it is possible to mention Nikola Tesla, Harry Houdini, Joseph Pulitzer, Oscar Hammerstein, William Morris and many others.  Today we see the building practically the same as when it was built 200 years ago.  Inside the fort you will be able to buy tickets for the ferry to the Statue of Liberty and to Ellis Island.Photo Castle Clinton, Battery Park - NYC, Set2011 by Ana Paula Hirama is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">3ee7e005-5236-4c67-99e3-7d87cd363d81</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:16:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629420/a33fb38a_5c63_4e30_a5a3_4a220f45d53a.mp3" length="1159417" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>A little closer, just at water's edge is located West Battery Fort or Castle Clinton.   It was built in 1811 for the defense of the city in case of attack by the British during the War of 1812.  But, this never occurred and the fort never witnessed...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[A little closer, just at water's edge is located West Battery Fort or Castle Clinton.   It was built in 1811 for the defense of the city in case of attack by the British during the War of 1812.  But, this never occurred and the fort never witnessed any battle.  Initially called West Battery, it was renamed several years later Castle Clinton in honor of the mayor of the city, DeWitt Clinton.  Approximately 10 years later the fort was given to the city as a place for the enjoyment of the public, becoming within 3 years a popular amusement site with a beer garden, exhibition gallery and concert ground.  But the castle received its greatest fame in the second half of the 19th century in the capacity of New York's immigration center.  Through this building during the years from 1855-1892 passed more than 8 million immigrants who had arrived from various European countries.  Primarily these were Irish, Jewish and Italian immigrants.  Among the most well known who have come through Castle Clinton in these years it is possible to mention Nikola Tesla, Harry Houdini, Joseph Pulitzer, Oscar Hammerstein, William Morris and many others.  Today we see the building practically the same as when it was built 200 years ago.  Inside the fort you will be able to buy tickets for the ferry to the Statue of Liberty and to Ellis Island.Photo Castle Clinton, Battery Park - NYC, Set2011 by Ana Paula Hirama is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>73</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 3: Battery Park</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-3-battery-park--42629427</link><description><![CDATA[We are now at the southern most end of Manhattan.  At the time of the foundation of the settlement, at the southern end of the island, artillery for the defense of the settlement was positioned here.  However with time the name "Battery" came to be applied to the entire southern part of the island.  Already in the 17th century this place became a popular site for relaxation and in the 19th century it had become a valuable park zone.At the entrance to the park you will see a pillar or stele with a flagstaff erected in honor of the tricentenary of the arrival of the first Jewish settlers on the island in 1654.  The monument is also interesting because it was erected at the proposed site of the historic transaction of the purchase of Manhattan from the Indians.  An inscription made in bas-relief on the stele speaks of this purchase.  A short distance from the tricentenary pillar you will see the exceptional Sphere and eternal flame memorial.  The Sphere, previously located not far from the World Trade Center, is now oddly shaped, partially crushed as a result of the terror attack of 11 September, 2001.  It now serves to remind people about one of the most tragic occurrences in the history of the USA.Photo Lower Manhattan and Battery Park by Mike Steele is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">85de215a-0714-429f-8d88-792f0b65006a</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:15:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629427/4da00c33_c9b9_4975_9d24_16f223ee357b.mp3" length="1025252" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>We are now at the southern most end of Manhattan.  At the time of the foundation of the settlement, at the southern end of the island, artillery for the defense of the settlement was positioned here.  However with time the name "Battery" came to be...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[We are now at the southern most end of Manhattan.  At the time of the foundation of the settlement, at the southern end of the island, artillery for the defense of the settlement was positioned here.  However with time the name "Battery" came to be applied to the entire southern part of the island.  Already in the 17th century this place became a popular site for relaxation and in the 19th century it had become a valuable park zone.At the entrance to the park you will see a pillar or stele with a flagstaff erected in honor of the tricentenary of the arrival of the first Jewish settlers on the island in 1654.  The monument is also interesting because it was erected at the proposed site of the historic transaction of the purchase of Manhattan from the Indians.  An inscription made in bas-relief on the stele speaks of this purchase.  A short distance from the tricentenary pillar you will see the exceptional Sphere and eternal flame memorial.  The Sphere, previously located not far from the World Trade Center, is now oddly shaped, partially crushed as a result of the terror attack of 11 September, 2001.  It now serves to remind people about one of the most tragic occurrences in the history of the USA.Photo Lower Manhattan and Battery Park by Mike Steele is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>65</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 2: National Museum of the American Indian</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-2-national-museum-of-the-american-indian--42629425</link><description><![CDATA[You are now standing in front of the unusually attractive building of the former U.S. Custom House.  This elegant facade is in the neoclassic style decorated with 44 Corinthian columns, reliefs and sculptured compositions.  The sculptures symbolize the continents with which New York traded: Asia, Africa, Europe and America.  The interior of the building is completed in white marble and the ceiling is decorated with grand murals. Currently, the building houses a branch of the Smithsonian Museum of Indian Culture and Life.  The founder of the museum is considered to be George Gustav Heye who over a long period gathered the collection which became the basis of the museum.  The expositions of the museum include artifacts belonging to Indian tribes of Latin and Central America, Canada and Alaska.  Especially interesting are art works of Indian craftsmen, pictures by Indian artists, beadwork, traditional costumes of various tribes, ritual masks and many other things.  In the museum there are more than 800,000 exhibits and 125,000 photographs.  Concerts of traditional Indian music as well as demonstrations dedicated to Indian life are held here.  In the building of the museum there is a cafe in which the visitor is able to taste dishes of Indian cooking prepared according to recipes of tribes from all regions of the country.Photo National Museum of the American Indian by Daniel Torres Bonatto is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">80ae9308-f5a8-404c-9046-d0465fa42275</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:14:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629425/8394cd71_236f_4c29_a867_cc78dbb3b3a8.mp3" length="1190764" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>You are now standing in front of the unusually attractive building of the former U.S. Custom House.  This elegant facade is in the neoclassic style decorated with 44 Corinthian columns, reliefs and sculptured compositions.  The sculptures symbolize...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[You are now standing in front of the unusually attractive building of the former U.S. Custom House.  This elegant facade is in the neoclassic style decorated with 44 Corinthian columns, reliefs and sculptured compositions.  The sculptures symbolize the continents with which New York traded: Asia, Africa, Europe and America.  The interior of the building is completed in white marble and the ceiling is decorated with grand murals. Currently, the building houses a branch of the Smithsonian Museum of Indian Culture and Life.  The founder of the museum is considered to be George Gustav Heye who over a long period gathered the collection which became the basis of the museum.  The expositions of the museum include artifacts belonging to Indian tribes of Latin and Central America, Canada and Alaska.  Especially interesting are art works of Indian craftsmen, pictures by Indian artists, beadwork, traditional costumes of various tribes, ritual masks and many other things.  In the museum there are more than 800,000 exhibits and 125,000 photographs.  Concerts of traditional Indian music as well as demonstrations dedicated to Indian life are held here.  In the building of the museum there is a cafe in which the visitor is able to taste dishes of Indian cooking prepared according to recipes of tribes from all regions of the country.Photo National Museum of the American Indian by Daniel Torres Bonatto is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>75</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item><item><title>Episode 1: Bowling Green Fence and Park</title><link>https://www.spreaker.com/episode/episode-1-bowling-green-fence-and-park--42629423</link><description><![CDATA[We are beginning our excursion from the northern side of Bowling Green Park.  At the end of the 17th and beginning of the 18th centuries, the Dutch, and then the English used this place for a parade ground and also as a livestock market.  In 1733 the Common Council of the city made the decision to give the land in lease to three citizens on the condition that a park be developed here.  The lessees reneged on their promise and instead of a park they turned the space into a field for the game of bowling.  This is how the park received its name.At the end of the 20th century at the northern end of this park a statue was erected called "the Charging Bull" which has become a sort of icon or calling-card for lower Manhattan.  The Bull is the work of sculptor Arturo Di Modica.  He wanted to create a sculpture which symbolized optimism, aspiration for success and prosperity.  The statue of the bull is 4.3 meters high and 4.9 meters long.  It weighs more than 3 tons.  The sculpture spent 300,000 dollars of this own money to prepare the sculpture.  Initially the sculptor planned to install the sculpture alongside the stock market before Christmas in 1989.  But the sculpture was put in place without any of the necessary approvals, and therefore the police confiscated it and hauled it away.  But public opinion, as it often happens, had another opinion and demanded its return.  In the end the sculpture received from the civil authorities authorization to be placed in Bowling Green park.  It is of course easy to know why the sculptor wanted the statue at the Stock Market.  In the work of the Stock Market the figures of the Bear and the Bull occupy a special position.  Traders are called bears if they work to lower the value of stocks.  Bulls are those interested in the increase in the value of stocks.It is the prevailing opinion that the sculpture of the bull will soon be jointed with the sculpture of a bear.Photo Charging Bull - New York City by Sam valadi is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">6dc87669-2f27-4421-93be-5e36675ed6fc</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2020 12:13:20 +0000</pubDate><enclosure url="https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/api.spreaker.com/download/episode/42629423/637e851c_5886_49a8_8e7b_04e660bb57b3.mp3" length="1677269" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>izi Distribution Services</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>We are beginning our excursion from the northern side of Bowling Green Park.  At the end of the 17th and beginning of the 18th centuries, the Dutch, and then the English used this place for a parade ground and also as a livestock market.  In 1733 the...</itunes:subtitle><itunes:summary><![CDATA[We are beginning our excursion from the northern side of Bowling Green Park.  At the end of the 17th and beginning of the 18th centuries, the Dutch, and then the English used this place for a parade ground and also as a livestock market.  In 1733 the Common Council of the city made the decision to give the land in lease to three citizens on the condition that a park be developed here.  The lessees reneged on their promise and instead of a park they turned the space into a field for the game of bowling.  This is how the park received its name.At the end of the 20th century at the northern end of this park a statue was erected called "the Charging Bull" which has become a sort of icon or calling-card for lower Manhattan.  The Bull is the work of sculptor Arturo Di Modica.  He wanted to create a sculpture which symbolized optimism, aspiration for success and prosperity.  The statue of the bull is 4.3 meters high and 4.9 meters long.  It weighs more than 3 tons.  The sculpture spent 300,000 dollars of this own money to prepare the sculpture.  Initially the sculptor planned to install the sculpture alongside the stock market before Christmas in 1989.  But the sculpture was put in place without any of the necessary approvals, and therefore the police confiscated it and hauled it away.  But public opinion, as it often happens, had another opinion and demanded its return.  In the end the sculpture received from the civil authorities authorization to be placed in Bowling Green park.  It is of course easy to know why the sculptor wanted the statue at the Stock Market.  In the work of the Stock Market the figures of the Bear and the Bull occupy a special position.  Traders are called bears if they work to lower the value of stocks.  Bulls are those interested in the increase in the value of stocks.It is the prevailing opinion that the sculpture of the bull will soon be jointed with the sculpture of a bear.Photo Charging Bull - New York City by Sam valadi is licensed under CC BY 2.0]]></itunes:summary><itunes:duration>105</itunes:duration><itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit><itunes:image href="https://d3wo5wojvuv7l.cloudfront.net/t_rss_itunes_square_1400/images.spreaker.com/original/0eb8efbb386ca1400982feff1ae9d98b.jpg"/><itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType></item></channel></rss>
